{"id":43308,"date":"2023-04-03T20:12:43","date_gmt":"2022-12-14T07:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e8%87%aa%e8%a1%8c%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%9a%84-prometheus-exporter\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T21:46:01","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T13:46:01","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e8%a1%8c%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%9a%84-prometheus-exporter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e8%87%aa%e8%a1%8c%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%9a%84-prometheus-exporter\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u7684 Prometheus exporter"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u54c1\u5ddd\u964d\u4e34\u65e5\u53862019\u5e74\u7684\u7b2c22\u5929\u3002<\/p>\n

\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u76d1\u63a7\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u76d1\u89c6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u89c6\u548c\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u53d7\u76d1\u89c6\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f exporter\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u54cd\u5e94\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u6279\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7b49\u901a\u8fc7 Push \u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5e76\u51c6\u5907\u597d PushGateway\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed9\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af\u3002
\nexporter \u5305\u62ec\u5b98\u65b9\u548c\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u884c\u521b\u5efa exporter \u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93\u53ef\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5236\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 exporter \u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u672a\u6765\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u83b7\u53d6\u5ea6\u91cf<\/h1>\n

\u6682\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6Linux\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7684\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u4e8eLinux\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\/proc\/meminfo\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5b83\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u8bd5\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u3002<\/h1>\n

hirano00o\/sample-exporter\uff1aPrometheus\u7684\u6837\u672c\u5bfc\u51fa\u5668
\n\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u548cnode_exporter\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728node_exporter\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fc7\u53bb\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

func<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    flag<\/span>.<\/span>Parse<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n    c<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> collector<\/span>.<\/span>NewSampleCollector<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        log<\/span>.<\/span>Fatal<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ New\u3057\u305fCollector\u3092\u767b\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u306b\u767b\u9332\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30af\u30b9\u304c\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n    prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>MustRegister<\/span>(<\/span>c<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    http<\/span>.<\/span>Handle<\/span>(<\/span>\"\/metrics\"<\/span>,<\/span> promhttp<\/span>.<\/span>Handler<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n\r\n    log<\/span>.<\/span>Println<\/span>(<\/span>\"Listening on \"<\/span>,<\/span> *<\/span>addr<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> http<\/span>.<\/span>ListenAndServe<\/span>(<\/span>*<\/span>addr<\/span>,<\/span> nil<\/span>);<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        log<\/span>.<\/span>Fatal<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
collect.go \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u60a8\u5728\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u9664\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\u8f7b\u677e\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n    factories<\/span>      =<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>func<\/span>()<\/span> (<\/span>Collector<\/span>,<\/span> error<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    collectorState<\/span> =<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>int<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ memory.go\u3067init()\u3067\u547c\u3076<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> registCollector<\/span>(<\/span>collector<\/span> string<\/span>,<\/span> f<\/span> func<\/span>()<\/span> (<\/span>Collector<\/span>,<\/span> error<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    factories<\/span>[<\/span>collector<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> f<\/span>\r\n    collectorState<\/span>[<\/span>collector<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> SampleCollector<\/span> struct<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Collectors<\/span> map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>Collector<\/span>  \/\/ key\u304cstring\u578b, value\u306fCollector\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u540d\u306einterface\u578b<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ memory.go\u3067\u3082\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3057\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082CPU\u7b49\u53d6\u5f97\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5099\u3048\u3066\u3001interface\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f<\/span>\r\ntype<\/span> Collector<\/span> interface<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    Update<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span><-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>Metric<\/span>)<\/span> error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> NewSampleCollector<\/span>()<\/span> (<\/span>*<\/span>SampleCollector<\/span>,<\/span> error<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    collectors<\/span> :=<\/span> make<\/span>(<\/span>map<\/span>[<\/span>string<\/span>]<\/span>Collector<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> k<\/span>,<\/span> _<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> collectorState<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        f<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> factories<\/span>[<\/span>k<\/span>]()<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            return<\/span> nil<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n        collectors<\/span>[<\/span>k<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> f<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u4eca\u56de\u306f\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u3060\u3051\u3060\u304c\u3001CPU\u7b49\u306e\u4ed6\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u3082\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> &<\/span>SampleCollector<\/span>{<\/span>Collectors<\/span>:<\/span> collectors<\/span>},<\/span> nil<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Describe \u3068 Collect \u306f\u3001Collector interface \u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/span>\r\n\/\/ https:\/\/godoc.org\/github.com\/prometheus\/client_golang\/prometheus#Collector<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>sc<\/span> SampleCollector<\/span>)<\/span> Describe<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span><-<\/span> *<\/span>prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>Desc<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    ch<\/span> <-<\/span> scrapeDurationDesc<\/span>\r\n    ch<\/span> <-<\/span> scrapeSuccessDesc<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ goroutine \u3067\u8907\u6570\u306e(\u4eca\u56de\u306f\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u3060\u3051\u3060\u304c)\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4e26\u5217\u306b\u53d6\u5f97(execute)<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>sc<\/span> SampleCollector<\/span>)<\/span> Collect<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span><-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>Metric<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    wg<\/span> :=<\/span> sync<\/span>.<\/span>WaitGroup<\/span>{}<\/span>\r\n    wg<\/span>.<\/span>Add<\/span>(<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>sc<\/span>.<\/span>Collectors<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> name<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> :=<\/span> range<\/span> sc<\/span>.<\/span>Collectors<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        go<\/span> func<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span> string<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> Collector<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            execute<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>,<\/span> ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            wg<\/span>.<\/span>Done<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        }(<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    wg<\/span>.<\/span>Wait<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> execute<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span> string<\/span>,<\/span> c<\/span> Collector<\/span>,<\/span> ch<\/span> chan<\/span><-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>Metric<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    begin<\/span> :=<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Now<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    err<\/span> :=<\/span> c<\/span>.<\/span>Update<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    duration<\/span> :=<\/span> time<\/span>.<\/span>Since<\/span>(<\/span>begin<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> success<\/span> float64<\/span>\r\n\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        log<\/span>.<\/span>Printf<\/span>(<\/span>\"ERROR: %s collector failed after %fs: %s\"<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>,<\/span> duration<\/span>.<\/span>Seconds<\/span>(),<\/span> err<\/span>.<\/span>Error<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n        success<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    success<\/span> =<\/span> 1<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u96c6\u8a08\u3057\u305f\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u306f chan \u306b Metric \u3092\u6e21\u3059<\/span>\r\n    ch<\/span> <-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>MustNewConstMetric<\/span>(<\/span>scrapeDurationDesc<\/span>,<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>GaugeValue<\/span>,<\/span> duration<\/span>.<\/span>Seconds<\/span>(),<\/span> name<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    ch<\/span> <-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>MustNewConstMetric<\/span>(<\/span>scrapeSuccessDesc<\/span>,<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>GaugeValue<\/span>,<\/span> success<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728node_exporter\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\/proc\/meminfo\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5e93\uff1ashirou\/gopsutil: \u7528\u4e8eGo\u8bed\u8a00\u7684psutil\u3002<\/p>\n
const<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n    subsystem<\/span> =<\/span> \"memory\"<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n\r\ntype<\/span> memoryCollector<\/span> struct<\/span>{}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ MustRegister \u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001init() \u3067 collect.go \u306e factories \u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nfunc<\/span> init<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    registCollector<\/span>(<\/span>subsystem<\/span>,<\/span> NewMemoryCollector<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> NewMemoryCollector<\/span>()<\/span> (<\/span>Collector<\/span>,<\/span> error<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> &<\/span>memoryCollector<\/span>{},<\/span> nil<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunc<\/span> (<\/span>c<\/span> *<\/span>memoryCollector<\/span>)<\/span> Update<\/span>(<\/span>ch<\/span> chan<\/span><-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>Metric<\/span>)<\/span> error<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    var<\/span> metricType<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>ValueType<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53d6\u5f97<\/span>\r\n    v<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span> :=<\/span> mem<\/span>.<\/span>VirtualMemory<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> err<\/span> !=<\/span> nil<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Errorf<\/span>(<\/span>\"could not get memory info: %s\"<\/span>,<\/span> err<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n...<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> i<\/span> :=<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span> i<\/span> <<\/span> t<\/span>.<\/span>NumField<\/span>();<\/span> i<\/span>++<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> strings<\/span>.<\/span>Contains<\/span>(<\/span>t<\/span>.<\/span>Field<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>,<\/span> \"Total\"<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> true<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            \/\/ Total (\u4f8b\u3048\u3070MemTotal)\u304c\u5165\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3089\u3001Counter<\/span>\r\n            \/\/ \u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306f https:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/concepts\/metric_types\/<\/span>\r\n            metricType<\/span> =<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>CounterValue<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            metricType<\/span> =<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>GaugeValue<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u96c6\u8a08\u3057\u305f\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u306a\u306e\u3067 chan \u306b Metric \u3092\u6e21\u3059<\/span>\r\n        ch<\/span> <-<\/span> prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>MustNewConstMetric<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n            prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>NewDesc<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n                \/\/ \u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30af\u30b9\u540d\u3092 BuildFQName() \u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3001\u6307\u5b9a<\/span>\r\n                prometheus<\/span>.<\/span>BuildFQName<\/span>(<\/span>namespace<\/span>,<\/span> subsystem<\/span>,<\/span> t<\/span>.<\/span>Field<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                fmt<\/span>.<\/span>Sprintf<\/span>(<\/span>\"Memory information filed %s\"<\/span>,<\/span> t<\/span>.<\/span>Field<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>Name<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                nil<\/span>,<\/span> nil<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            ),<\/span>\r\n            \/\/ \u30e1\u30c8\u30ea\u30af\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u3068\u5024\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3001\u5024\u306ffloat64<\/span>\r\n            metricType<\/span>,<\/span> f64<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        )<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> nil<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u5c40<\/h1>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/localhost:9090\/metrics | grep<\/span> -i<\/span> \"sample_memory_UsedPercent\"<\/span>\r\n# HELP sample_memory_UsedPercent Memory information filed UsedPercent<\/span>\r\n# TYPE sample_memory_UsedPercent counter<\/span>\r\nsample_memory_UsedPercent 1.9555757729632135\r\n$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/localhost:9090\/metrics | grep<\/span> -i<\/span> \"sample_memory_UsedPercent\"<\/span>\r\n# HELP sample_memory_UsedPercent Memory information filed UsedPercent<\/span>\r\n# TYPE sample_memory_UsedPercent counter<\/span>\r\nsample_memory_UsedPercent 1.9468305687203793\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5<\/h1>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8enode_exporter\u7684\u52a3\u8d28\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u610f\u5916\u5730\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5c31\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e00\u6b3eexporter\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u6b3e\u901a\u7528\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684exporter\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u53d1\uff0c\u6682\u65f6\u5b89\u88c5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5728grafana\u8fdb\u884c\u957f\u671f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
Note: The meaning of “node_exporter” and “exporter” may require further clarification for a more accurate paraphrase.
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