{"id":43220,"date":"2023-05-25T18:02:44","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T04:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%99%ae%e7%bd%97%e7%b1%b3%e4%bf%ae%e6%96%af%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T05:55:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T21:55:10","slug":"%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%99%ae%e7%bd%97%e7%b1%b3%e4%bf%ae%e6%96%af%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%99%ae%e7%bd%97%e7%b1%b3%e4%bf%ae%e6%96%af%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u7f57\u7c73\u4fee\u65af"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u987a\u4fbf\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u63d0\u5230Prometheus\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u6211\u53ea\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Kubernetes\/OpenShift\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7528\u8fc7\u5b83\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684GW\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6700\u7b80\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728AWS Lightsail\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4ef7\u683c\u4e3a3.5\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528Amazon Linux 2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Prometheus<\/h1>\n

\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5148\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e00\u4e0b\u201cFirst steps\u201d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5tgz\u683c\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

$ <\/span>wget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/prometheus\/releases\/download\/v2.35.0\/prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>tar <\/span>xvfz prometheus-*<\/span>.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>cd <\/span>prometheus-*<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5148\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u542f\u52a8Prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>.\/prometheus --config<\/span>.file=<\/span>prometheus.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Go\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6d41\u52a8\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n\u901a\u8fc79090\/tcp\u7aef\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95eeWeb UI\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8981\u6253\u5f00AWS LightSail\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u867d\u7136\u662f\u65e0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u53ef\u6015\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8bd5\u7740\u8f7b\u8f7b\u67e5\u8be2\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u8868\u3002\u55ef\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+C\u6682\u505cPrometheus\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7systemd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>cd<\/span> ~\r\n$ <\/span>sudo mkdir<\/span> \/prometheus\r\n$ <\/span>sudo cp<\/span> -R<\/span> prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64\/*<\/span> \/prometheus\/\r\n$ <\/span>cat<\/span> ><\/span> prometheus.service <<<\/span> EOF<\/span>\r\n[Unit]\r\nDescription=prometheus\r\nAfter=network.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=simple\r\nExecStart=\/prometheus\/prometheus --config.file=\/prometheus\/prometheus.yml\r\nRestart=always\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>prometheus.service \/etc\/systemd\/system\/\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl daemon-reload\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl start prometheus\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl enable <\/span>prometheus\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6536\u96c6\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6307\u6807<\/h1>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6536\u96c6\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff1f
\n\u5b89\u88c5node_exporter\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u867d\u7136\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528systemd\u8fdb\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/guides\/node-exporter\/<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>wget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/node_exporter\/releases\/download\/v1.3.1\/node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>tar <\/span>xvfz node_exporter-*<\/span>.*<\/span>-amd64<\/span>.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>node_exporter-*<\/span>.*<\/span>-amd64<\/span>\/node_exporter \/prometheus\/\r\n$ <\/span>cat<\/span> ><\/span> node_exporter.service <<<\/span> EOF<\/span>\r\n[Unit]\r\nDescription=node_exporter\r\nAfter=network.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=simple\r\nExecStart=\/prometheus\/node_exporter\r\nRestart=always\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>node_exporter.service \/etc\/systemd\/system\/\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl daemon-reload\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl start node_exporter\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl enable <\/span>node_exporter\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728node_exporter\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u914d\u7f6ePrometheus\u4f7f\u5176\u8bfb\u53d6node_exporter\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n\u5c06Prometheus\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5c06localhost\u7684node_exporter\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a9100\uff09\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230static_configs\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff08\u4e00\u90e8\u629c\u7c8b\uff09<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\nscrape_configs<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.<\/span>\r\n  -<\/span> job_name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>prometheus\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # metrics_path defaults to '\/metrics'<\/span>\r\n    # scheme defaults to 'http'.<\/span>\r\n\r\n    static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\"<\/span>localhost:9090\"<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'<\/span>localhost:9100'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8Prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl restart prometheus\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Prometheus\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Prometheus\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770bnode_exporter\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002
\n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528”node_filesystem_avail_bytes”\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u597d\u50cf\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u8bd5\u7740\u53d1\u51fa\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/h1>\n
\u987a\u4fbf\u8bd5\u8bd5\u4ee5\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6\u53d1\u9001\u8b66\u62a5\u5427\u3002
\n\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u7a0d\u5fae\u6709\u70b9\u96be\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u5165\u8b66\u62a5\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/alerting\/latest\/configuration\/<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>wget https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/alertmanager\/releases\/download\/v0.24.0\/alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>tar <\/span>xvzf alertmanager-0.24.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz\r\n$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>alertmanager-*<\/span>-amd64<\/span>\/alertmanager \/prometheus\/\r\n$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>alertmanager-*<\/span>-amd64<\/span>\/alertmanager.yml \/prometheus\/\r\n$ <\/span>cat<\/span> ><\/span> alertmanager.service <<<\/span> EOF<\/span>\r\n[Unit]\r\nDescription=alertmanager\r\nAfter=network.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=simple\r\nExecStart=\/prometheus\/alertmanager --config.file=\/prometheus\/alertmanager.yml\r\nRestart=always\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>alertmanager.service \/etc\/systemd\/system\/\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl daemon-reload\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl start alertmanager\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl enable <\/span>alertmanager\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728Prometheus\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8b66\u62a5\u89c4\u5219\u3002
\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89c4\u5219\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
groups<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n-<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> alertrules-fs<\/span>\r\n  rules<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  -<\/span> alert<\/span>:<\/span> HighDiskUsage-root<\/span>\r\n    expr<\/span>:<\/span> node_filesystem_free_bytes{mountpoint=\"\/\"} \/ node_filesystem_size_bytes{mountpoint=\"\/\"} < <\/span>0.2<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span>:<\/span> 1m<\/span>\r\n    labels<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      severity<\/span>:<\/span> critical<\/span>\r\n    annotations<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      summary<\/span>:<\/span> High Disk Usage (\"\/\")<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Prometheus\u4e2d\u542f\u7528AlertManager\uff08\u76ee\u6807\u4e3alocalhost:9093\uff09\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff08\u4e00\u90e8\u629c\u7c8b\uff09<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n# Alertmanager configuration<\/span>\r\nalerting<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  alertmanagers<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> static_configs<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> targets<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        -<\/span> localhost:9093<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.<\/span>\r\nrule_files<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  -<\/span> \"<\/span>alertrules-fs.yml\"<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl restart prometheus\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Prometheus\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u8bbf\u95eeUI\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u5df2\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 “Status” > “Runtime & Build Information” \u4e2d\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 AlertManager\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u5b9e\u9645\u8b66\u62a5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cAlertManager\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8981\u6c42\u5728localhost:5001\u4e0a\u53d1\u9001WebHook\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u8be5POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
\n\u55ef\uff0c\u7528Python\u7684http.server\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>cat<\/span> ><\/span> webhook <<<\/span> EOF<\/span>\r\n#! \/usr\/bin\/python3\r\nimport http.server\r\nclass h(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):\r\n  def do_POST(self):\r\n    l = int(self.headers['content-length'])\r\n    print('body = {}'.format(self.rfile.read(l).decode('utf-8')))\r\n    self.send_response(200)\r\n    self.send_header(\"Content-type\", \"text\/plain; charset=UTF-8\")\r\n    self.send_header(\"Content-Length\", \"0\")\r\n    self.end_headers()\r\na = ('localhost', 5001)\r\ns = http.server.HTTPServer(a, h)\r\ns.serve_forever()\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>$ <\/span>chmod <\/span>700 webhook\r\n$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>webhook \/prometheus\/\r\n$ <\/span>cat<\/span> ><\/span> webhook.service <<<\/span> EOF<\/span>\r\n[Unit]\r\nDescription=webhook\r\nAfter=network.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=simple\r\nExecStart=\/prometheus\/webhook\r\nRestart=always\r\nEnvironment=PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span>$ <\/span>sudo cp <\/span>webhook.service \/etc\/systemd\/system\/\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl daemon-reload\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl start webhook\r\n$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>systemctl enable <\/span>webhook\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u628aAlert\u8bbe\u4e3aActive\u3002\u901a\u8fc7df\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\uff0cEC2\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684”\/”\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u5bb9\u91cf\u5927\u7ea6\u4e3a20G\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548cPrometheus\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u7ea6\u5360\u75282GB\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a16GB\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>fallocate -l<\/span> 16G dummy\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528df\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230”\/”\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e3a91%\u3002<\/p>\n
$ df\r\nFilesystem     1K-blocks     Used Available Use% Mounted on\r\ndevtmpfs          237048        0    237048   0% \/dev\r\ntmpfs             244868        0    244868   0% \/dev\/shm\r\ntmpfs             244868      448    244420   1% \/run\r\ntmpfs             244868        0    244868   0% \/sys\/fs\/cgroup\r\n\/dev\/xvda1      20959212 18975528   1983684  91% \/\r\ntmpfs              48976        0     48976   0% \/run\/user\/1000\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
Webhook\u7684\u63a5\u6536\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7journald\u6216\u8005\u5728\/var\/log\/messages\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n
\u55ef\uff0c\u9084\u4e0d\u932f\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4ed6<\/h1>\n
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