{"id":43080,"date":"2023-09-19T01:32:42","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T09:16:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e8%af%95%e7%9d%80%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8ansible%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87%e7%bb%88%e7%ab%af%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%ae%be\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T00:25:55","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T16:25:55","slug":"%e8%af%95%e7%9d%80%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8ansible%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87%e7%bb%88%e7%ab%af%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%ae%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e8%af%95%e7%9d%80%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8ansible%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87%e7%bb%88%e7%ab%af%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%ae%be\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8bd5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528Ansible\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Python\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002
\n\u4f7f\u7528Python\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6bb5Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u505a\u540c\u6837\u4e8b\u60c5\u7684Ansible\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5757<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c2\u8003\u4e86networktocode\/ntc-ansible\u7684ntc_show_command\u6a21\u5757\u3002
\n\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2ashow\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

import<\/span> os.path<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> socket<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> netmiko<\/span> import<\/span> redispatch<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> time<\/span>\r\n\r\nHAS_NETMIKO<\/span> =<\/span> True<\/span>\r\ntry<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    from<\/span> netmiko<\/span> import<\/span> ConnectHandler<\/span>\r\nexcept<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    HAS_NETMIKO<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\ndef<\/span> main<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n\r\n    module<\/span> =<\/span> AnsibleModule<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        argument_spec<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n            host<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            username<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span> type<\/span>=<\/span>'str'<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            password<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span> type<\/span>=<\/span>'str'<\/span>,<\/span> no_log<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            port<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            secret<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span> type<\/span>=<\/span>'str'<\/span>,<\/span> no_log<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            platform<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            commands<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>type<\/span>=<\/span>'list'<\/span>,<\/span> required<\/span>=<\/span>True<\/span>),<\/span>   # \u8907\u6570\u306eshow\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3088\u3046\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u3092\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u6307\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>            delay<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>default<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n            provider<\/span>=<\/span>dict<\/span>(<\/span>type<\/span>=<\/span>'dict'<\/span>,<\/span> required<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        ),<\/span>\r\n        supports_check_mode<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    provider<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'provider'<\/span>]<\/span> or<\/span> {}<\/span>\r\n\r\n    no_log<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>'password'<\/span>,<\/span> 'secret'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> param<\/span> in<\/span> no_log<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> provider<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>param<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n            module<\/span>.<\/span>no_log_values<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>return_values<\/span>(<\/span>provider<\/span>[<\/span>param<\/span>]))<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # allow local params to override provider\r\n<\/span>    for<\/span> param<\/span>,<\/span> pvalue<\/span> in<\/span> provider<\/span>.<\/span>items<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>param<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> False<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n            module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>param<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>param<\/span>)<\/span> or<\/span> pvalue<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # Ansible\u306eInventory\/Playbook\/Variable\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u5909\u6570\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\r\n<\/span>    ip<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'host'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    username<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'username'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    password<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'password'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    port<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'port'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    secret<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'secret'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    device_type<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'platform'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    command<\/span> =<\/span> module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'commands'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    delay<\/span> =<\/span> int<\/span>(<\/span>module<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>'delay'<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # netmiko\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001Fail\u30e1\u30c3\u30bb\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u51fa\u529b\r\n<\/span>    if<\/span> not<\/span> HAS_NETMIKO<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        module<\/span>.<\/span>fail_json<\/span>(<\/span>msg<\/span>=<\/span>'This module requires netmiko.'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    else<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        # \u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u524d\u56de\u8a18\u4e8b\u3068\u540c\u69d8\r\n<\/span>        device_args<\/span> =<\/span> dict<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n            device_type<\/span> =<\/span> 'terminal_server'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            ip<\/span> =<\/span> ip<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            port<\/span> =<\/span> port<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            username<\/span> =<\/span> username<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            password<\/span> =<\/span> password<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            secret<\/span> =<\/span> secret<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n          )<\/span>\r\n\r\n        net_connect<\/span> =<\/span> ConnectHandler<\/span>(<\/span>**<\/span>device_args<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>write_channel<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\\r<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        time<\/span>.<\/span>sleep<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>write_channel<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\\r<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        time<\/span>.<\/span>sleep<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>read_channel<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n        redispatch<\/span>(<\/span>net_connect<\/span>,<\/span> device_type<\/span> =<\/span> device_type<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        if<\/span> secret<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n            net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>enable<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n        output_list<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>\r\n\r\n        for<\/span> cmd<\/span> in<\/span> command<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n            output<\/span> =<\/span> net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>send_command_timing<\/span>(<\/span>cmd<\/span>,<\/span> delay_factor<\/span>=<\/span>delay<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n            output_list<\/span>.<\/span>append<\/span>(<\/span>output<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n        net_connect<\/span>.<\/span>disconnect<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        # \u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\r\n<\/span>\r\n    # \u5b9f\u884c\u7d50\u679c\u3092JSON\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\r\n<\/span>    results<\/span> =<\/span> {}<\/span>\r\n    results<\/span>[<\/span>'response_list'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>output_list<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\r\n    module<\/span>.<\/span>exit_json<\/span>(<\/span>**<\/span>results<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nfrom<\/span> ansible.module_utils.basic<\/span> import<\/span> *<\/span>\r\nif<\/span> __name__<\/span> ==<\/span> \"__main__\"<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    main<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9Ansible\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5>\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2alibrary\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06console_command.py\u653e\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5728ansible.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u5bf9library\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
[defaults]<\/span>\r\nlibrary<\/span> =<\/span> \/home\/centos\/ansible\/library<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884c ansible –version \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u786e\u8ba4 ansible.cfg \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
[centos@localhost ~]<\/span>$<\/span> ansible<\/span> --version<\/span>\r\nansible<\/span> 2.7.9<\/span>\r\n  config<\/span> file<\/span> =<\/span> \/etc\/ansible\/ansible.cfg<\/span>\r\n  configured<\/span> module<\/span> search<\/span> path<\/span> =<\/span> ['\/home\/centos\/ansible\/library']<\/span>\r\n  ansible<\/span> python<\/span> module<\/span> location<\/span> =<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible<\/span>\r\n  executable<\/span> location<\/span> =<\/span> \/usr\/bin\/ansible<\/span>\r\n  python<\/span> version<\/span> =<\/span> 3.6.7 (default, Dec  5 2018, 15:02:05) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528pip\uff08Python\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u5b89\u88c5ansible\uff0c\u5219\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684ansible.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5267\u672c<\/h1>\n
\u4eceAnsible2.5\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f53\u901a\u8fc7CLI\u754c\u9762\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528network_cli\u8fde\u63a5\u63d2\u4ef6\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u767b\u5f55\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86local\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u8d77\u89c1\uff0cshow\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u9650\u5b9a\u5728|\u7b26\u53f7\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n
---<\/span>\r\n\r\n-<\/span> hosts<\/span>:<\/span> all<\/span>\r\n  gather_facts<\/span>:<\/span> no<\/span>\r\n  connection<\/span>:<\/span> local<\/span>\r\n\r\n  tasks<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> execute show command<\/span>\r\n      console_command<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        commands<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n          -<\/span> show version | inc Cisco<\/span>\r\n          -<\/span> show running-config | section interface FastEthernet1<\/span> \r\n        port<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> port<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n        provider<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> cli<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n      register<\/span>:<\/span> result<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> display the output of show command<\/span>\r\n      debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> result.response_list<\/span>\r\n\r\n  vars<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    cli<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      platform<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> platform<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n      host<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> inventory_hostname<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n      username<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> username<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n      password<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> password<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n      secret<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>{{<\/span> secret<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5e93\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/h1>\n
\u672c\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0Cisco 1812J\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n
[<\/span>all<\/span>]<\/span> \r\n# \u30bf\u30fc\u30df\u30ca\u30eb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u306eIP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u3000SSH\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u7528\u306e\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7\u3000NW\u6a5f\u5668\u306eenable\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9<\/span>\r\n192.168.100.56 port=3001 secret=test<\/span>\r\n\r\n[<\/span>all<\/span>:<\/span>vars<\/span>]<\/span>\r\nplatform=cisco_ios<\/span>   # NW\u6a5f\u5668\u306eOS\u540d(=netmiko\u306edevice_type)<\/span>\r\nusername=admin<\/span>   # \u30bf\u30fc\u30df\u30ca\u30eb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u540d<\/span>\r\npassword=password<\/span>   # \u30bf\u30fc\u30df\u30ca\u30eb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u306e\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/h1>\n
\u6839\u636e “result.response_list” \u7684\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a show \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u6b63\u5e38\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u6362\u884c\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u3002\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n
[<\/span>centos@localhost ansible<\/span>]<\/span>$ ansible-playbook -i inventory_consv2 playbook_consv.yml<\/span>\r\n\r\nPLAY [all] ******************************************************************************<\/span>\r\n\r\nTASK [execute show command] *************************************************************<\/span>\r\nok<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>192.168.100.56<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n\r\nTASK [display the output of show command] ***********************************************<\/span>\r\nok<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>192.168.100.56<\/span>]<\/span> => {<\/span>\r\n    \"result.response_list\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n        [<\/span>\r\n            \"<\/span>Cisco<\/span> IOS<\/span> Software,<\/span> C181X<\/span> Software<\/span> (C181X-ADVIPSERVICESK9-M),<\/span> Version<\/span> XX.X(X)XX,<\/span> RELEASE<\/span> SOFTWARE<\/span> (fc5)<\/span>\\n<\/span>Copyright<\/span> (c)<\/span> 1986-2007<\/span> by<\/span> Cisco<\/span> Systems,<\/span> Inc.<\/span>\\n<\/span>use.<\/span> Delivery<\/span> of<\/span> Cisco<\/span> cryptographic<\/span> products<\/span> does<\/span> not<\/span> imply<\/span>\\n<\/span>A<\/span> summary<\/span> of<\/span> U.S.<\/span> laws<\/span> governing<\/span> Cisco<\/span> cryptographic<\/span> products<\/span> may<\/span> be<\/span> found<\/span> at:<\/span>\\n<\/span>Cisco<\/span> 1812-J<\/span> (MPC8500)<\/span> processor<\/span> (revision<\/span> 0x400)<\/span> with<\/span> 118784K\/12288K<\/span> bytes<\/span> of<\/span> memory.\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n            \"<\/span>interface<\/span> FastEthernet1<\/span>\\n<\/span> description<\/span> <<<\/span> border2<\/span> -<\/span> dist1<\/span> Segment<\/span> >><\/span>\\n<\/span> ip<\/span> address<\/span> 192.168.200.9<\/span> 255.255.255.252<\/span>\\n<\/span> speed<\/span> 100<\/span>\\n<\/span> full-duplex\"<\/span>\r\n        ]<\/span>\r\n    ]<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nPLAY RECAP ******************************************************************************<\/span>\r\n192.168.100.56<\/span>             :<\/span> ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0<\/span>   \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u540e<\/h1>\n
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