{"id":43000,"date":"2023-06-03T22:32:07","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T02:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90ansible%e3%80%91%e8%ae%a9%e4%bd%a0%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e8%a6%81%e7%82%b9%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%b4%e5%bf%83%e6%8f%90%e7%a4%ba-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%af%87\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T07:13:19","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T23:13:19","slug":"%e3%80%90ansible%e3%80%91%e8%ae%a9%e4%bd%a0%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e8%a6%81%e7%82%b9%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%b4%e5%bf%83%e6%8f%90%e7%a4%ba-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%af%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90ansible%e3%80%91%e8%ae%a9%e4%bd%a0%e6%8e%8c%e6%8f%a1%e5%85%b3%e9%94%ae%e8%a6%81%e7%82%b9%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%b4%e5%bf%83%e6%8f%90%e7%a4%ba-%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e7%af%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Ansible\u3011\u8ba9\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u5173\u952e\u8981\u70b9\u7684\u8d34\u5fc3\u63d0\u793a \u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f7f\u7528Ansible\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u60f3\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb\u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u79ef\u7d2f\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u7b2c\u4e09\u7bc7\uff01<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6b21\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5c0f\u8d34\u58eb<\/h1>\n
    \n
  1. \n
      OS\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u65e0\u9700\u4e8b\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u5904\u7406\uff01<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n
          \u5c06role\u5185\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4ec5\u5728role\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \n
              \u5728Ansible\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528*\uff08\u661f\u53f7\uff09<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

               <\/p>\n

                \n
              1. \n
                  \u60f3\u8981\u5b89\u88c5RPM\u5305<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. \n
                      \u60f3\u8981\u5728\u4f7f\u7528become\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8f93\u5165sudo\u5bc6\u7801<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                       <\/p>\n

                        \n
                      1. \n
                          \u60f3\u8981\u5728\u4f7f\u7528ansible-vault\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u5bc6\u7801<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                           <\/p>\n

                            \n
                          1. \n
                              \u5c06\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u5199\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u5408\uff01<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                               <\/p>\n

                                \u5f53\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5728Ansible\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528eval\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406<\/ol>\n

                                OS\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u65e0\u9700\u63d0\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u54c8\u5e0c\u5316\uff01<\/h2>\n
                                \n

                                \u4f7f\u7528password_hash<\/p>\n

                                \u4ee5\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u662f\u5728\u4e8b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed4\u7ec6\u67e5\u770b\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

                                \u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • \n
                                    sha256<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                     <\/p>\n

                                      sha512<\/ul>\n

                                      \u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n

                                        - name: \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u4f5c\u6210\r\n    user:\r\n      name: test\r\n      #SHA256\u306e\u6642\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\r\n      password: \"{{ 'password' |password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}\"\r\n      #SHA512\u306e\u6642\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\r\n      password: \"{{ 'password' |password_hash('sha512', 'mysecretsalt') }}\"\r\n      home: \/home\/test\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u7136\u800c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5217\u6210\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n
                                        vars:\r\n    test:\r\n      - name: test1\r\n        password: password\r\n        home: \/home\/test1\r\n\r\n      - name: test2\r\n        password: password\r\n        home: \/home\/test2\r\n\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - user:\r\n        name: \"{{ item.name }}\"\r\n        password: \"{{ item.password |password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}\"\r\n        home: \"{{ item.home }}\"\r\n      with_items:\r\n        - \"{{ test }}\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u5bc6\u7801\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u89c1\uff01<\/p>\n
                                      PLAY ***************************************************************************\r\n\r\nTASK [user] ********************************************************************\r\nchanged: [rhel6_d] => (item={u'home': u'\/home\/test1', u'password': u'password', u'name': u'test1'})\r\nchanged: [rhel6_d] => (item={u'home': u'\/home\/test2', u'password': u'password', u'name': u'test2'})\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5217\u5165\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0no_log\uff1aTrue\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
                                        vars:\r\n    test:\r\n      - name: test1\r\n        password: password\r\n        home: \/home\/test1\r\n\r\n      - name: test2\r\n        password: password\r\n        home: \/home\/test2\r\n\r\n  tasks:\r\n    - user:\r\n        name: \"{{ item.name }}\"\r\n        password: \"{{ item.password |password_hash('sha256', 'mysecretsalt') }}\"\r\n        home: \"{{ item.home }}\"\r\n      with_items:\r\n        - \"{{ test }}\"\r\n      no_log: True\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      TASK [user] ********************************************************************\r\nchanged: [rhel6_d] => (item=(censored due to no_log))\r\nchanged: [rhel6_d] => (item=(censored due to no_log))\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u5c06\u89d2\u8272\u5185\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4ec5\u5728\u89d2\u8272\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/h2>\n
                                      \u4f7f\u7528private_role_vars = yes<\/p>\n
                                      \u88abrole\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2arole\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u7ee7\u627f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fAnsible\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u52a0\u4e0arole\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5728\u89d2\u8272\u4e2d\u5c01\u95ed\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5728ansible.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      private_role_vars = yes\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u5728Ansible\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528*\uff08\u661f\u53f7\uff09<\/h2>\n
                                      \u4f7f\u7528 with_fileglob<\/p>\n
                                      - copy: \r\n    src: {{ item }} \r\n    dest: \/path\r\n\r\n  with_fileglob:\r\n    - \"\/etcsysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-*\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u987a\u4fbf\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 fetch \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4f7f\u7528 with_fileglob \u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a with_fileglob \u7684\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u800c fetch \u5219\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\uff08\u53d7\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528shell\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884cfind\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u5c06\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u503c\u653e\u5165with_items\u3002
                                      \n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8bf7\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u6211\u60f3\u8981\u5b89\u88c5RPM\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/h2>\n
                                      \u4f7f\u7528yum\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n
                                      \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528yum\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5728name\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u672c\u5730\u4e0a\u7684RPM\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      yum:\r\n  name: xxxxx.rpm\r\n  state: present\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      \u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u8003\uff1aAnsible \u53ef\u5904\u7406 RPM \u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u5728\u4f7f\u7528become\u65f6\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u8f93\u5165sudo\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/h2>\n
                                      \u4f7f\u7528ansible_become_pass<\/p>\n
                                      \u81ea\u52a8\u8f93\u5165\u65e0\u6548\uff01\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5c06sudo\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aNOPASSWD\u7684\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709sudo_password\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528become\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5728ansible.cfg\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u6307\u5b9a\u5b83\u4e86\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6709ansible_become_pass\u53ef\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5.<\/p>\n
                                        \n
                                      • \n
                                          \u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u6307\u5b9a<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                           <\/p>\n
                                            \u5909\u6570\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\uff08\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\uff09<\/ul>\n
                                            [target]\r\nhostname1 ansible_become_pass=xxxx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            ansible_become_pass: xxxx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u53d1\u5c55\u6848\u4f8b\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\uff09<\/h3>\n
                                            ansible_become_pass: \"{{ lookup('env','SUDO_PASSWD') }}\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4f7f\u7528ansible-vault\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/h2>\n
                                            \u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3cJenkins\u7684CI\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u60f3\u4fdd\u5b58Vault\u5bc6\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            — \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u201cvault-password-file\u201d\u6765\u89e3\u9501\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            –vault-password-file\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u5177\u6709\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u7528\u4f5c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u6790\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u5c06vault\u5bc6\u7801\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u6e05\u5355\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            #!\/bin\/bash\r\necho $VAULT_PASS\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            export VAULT_PASS=xxx\r\nansible-playbook site.yml --vault-password-file vault.sh\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n
                                            \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u521b\u5efashell\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\uff01\u90a3\u4e48\u5728Mac\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5229\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u3002\uff08\u5728CentOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/p>\n
                                            ansible-playbook site.yml --vault-password-file <(echo $VAULT_PASS)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u5728Centos\u7cfb\u7684Linux\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u65f6\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pipe:[xxxxxxxx]\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            [server ]# ll <(date)\r\nlr-x------ 1 root root 64  4\u6708  8 11:01 \/dev\/fd\/63 -> pipe:[24349835]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u5728\u6267\u884cansible-vault\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86os.path.realpath\uff08\u5f15\u7528\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff09\u5e76\u4e14\u5199\u6709pipe:[xxxxxxxx]\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u5220\u9664realpath\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\uff09<\/p>\n
                                            \r\nthis_path = os.path.realpath(to_bytes(os.path.expanduser(vault_password_file), errors='strict'))\r\nif not os.path.exists(to_bytes(this_path, errors='strict')):\r\n  raise AnsibleFileNotFound(\"The vault password file %s was not found\" % this_path)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u5728Mac\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eCentos\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff08proc\u5468\u8fb9\uff09\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \u6574\u7406\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u5199\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff01<\/h2>\n
                                            \u4f7f\u7528YAML\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728ansible-playbook\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528YAML\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u8bed\u6cd5!<\/p>\n
                                             - file:\r\n     path: \/tmp\/a\r\n     << : &DEF\r\n       owner: ansible\r\n       group: ansible\r\n       mode: 0755\r\n       state: directory\r\n - file:\r\n     path: \/tmp\/b\r\n     << : *DEF\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u6211\u5c06owner\/group\/mode\/state\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u653e\u5165DEF\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u5176\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3002\uff08\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684<< : &\u548c<< : *\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff09<\/p>\n
                                            \u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u597d\u50cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\uff01<\/p>\n
                                            \u5982\u679c\u5728Ansible\u4e2d\u7684eval\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/h2>\n
                                            {{ somvar_{{other_var}} }}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                            \u8981\u505a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            {{['somevar_'  + other_var] }}\r\n\r\nhost_vars\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u308b\u6642\u306f\u3053\u3063\u3061\u3089\u3057\u3044\r\n{{ hostvars[inventory_hostname]['somevar_'  + other_var] }}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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