{"id":42470,"date":"2023-02-04T04:11:45","date_gmt":"2023-12-10T01:46:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/ansible-playbook%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e7%a7%bb%e6%a4%8d%e6%80%a7\/"},"modified":"2024-01-15T11:25:44","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T03:25:44","slug":"ansible-playbook%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e7%a7%bb%e6%a4%8d%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/ansible-playbook%e7%9a%84%e5%8f%af%e7%a7%bb%e6%a4%8d%e6%80%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"Ansible Playbook\u7684\u53ef\u79fb\u690d\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728Ansible\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Playbook\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u83b7\u53d6\u6b64Playbook\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u9884\u5148\u914d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

ANSIBLE_CONFIG=\".\/ansible.cfg\"\r\nansible-playbook --ssh-common-args=\"-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no\" -i .\/hosts TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u968f\u7740\u9009\u9879\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5bf9\u9009\u9879\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8fd0\u8425\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5c06\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6267\u884cAnsible\u3002<\/p>\n
ansible-playbook TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9884\u8bbe\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u5bf9\u9009\u9879\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b80\u5316\u6267\u884cansible-playbook\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6Playbook<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPlaybook\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
git clone https:\/\/github.com\/sonatard\/ansible-sample.git\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u518d\u5c06\u6b65\u9aa4\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728README.md\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u901a\u8fc7hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0chosts\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4ece\/etc\/ansible\/hosts\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002
\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6267\u884cplaybook\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u83b7\u53d6hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5c06hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u7ba1\u7406playbook\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
ansible-sample\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 ansible.cfg\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 TARGET.yml\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 group_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 host_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 hosts         \u2605\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 roles\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
ansible-playbook -i .\/hosts TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u867d\u7136\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4e0d\u60f3\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u6307\u5b9a\u201c-i .\/hosts\u201d\u9009\u9879\u3002
\n\u6211\u4f1a\u521b\u5efaansible.cfg\uff0c\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u3002
\n\u6211\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0ePlaybook\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
[defaults]\r\ninventory = hosts\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ansible-sample\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 ansible.cfg         \u2605\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 TARGET.yml\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 group_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 host_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 hosts\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 ssh_config\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 roles\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u4f7f\u7528.\/hosts\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
ansible-playbook TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ansible.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u3002
\n\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cansible.cfg\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u6620\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
      \u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684ANSIBLE_CONFIG\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
          .\/ansible.cfg<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
           <\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
              $HOME\/ansible.cfg<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
               <\/p>\n
                \/etc\/ansible\/ansible.cfg<\/ol>\n
                3. SSH\u9009\u9879<\/h2>\n
                SSH\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u9009\u9879<\/h3>\n
                \u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Ansible\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8981\u4f20\u9012SSH\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679cAnsible\u7684\u76ee\u6807IP\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d8\u52a8\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6d88\u9664\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u8b66\u544a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7–ssh-common-args\u9009\u9879\u4f20\u9012StrictHostKeyChecking no\u3002<\/p>\n
                ansible-playbook --ssh-common-args=\"-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no\" TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06ssh\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u79bb\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3assh_config\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0ePlaybook\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
                Host<\/span> *\r\n  StrictHostKeyChecking<\/span> no<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                ansible-sample\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 ansible.cfg\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 TARGET.yml\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 group_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 host_vars\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 hosts\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 ssh_config         \u2605\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 roles\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -F \u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a ssh_config \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
                ansible-playbook --ssh-common-args=\"-F ssh_config\" TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a–ssh-common-args=\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aansible.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6essh_args\u3002<\/p>\n
                [ssh_connection<\/span>]\r\nssh_args<\/span> = -F<\/span> ssh_config<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cssh_config\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
                ansible-playbook TARGET.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                4. SSH key management (SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u7ba1\u7406)<\/h3>\n
                \u8981\u6267\u884cAnsible\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u9a8c\u8bc1\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u79d8\u94a5\u5bf9\uff08\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u516c\u94a5\uff09\u5e76\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u79d8\u94a5\u653e\u7f6e\u5230Ansible\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\u7528\u6237\u7684$HOME\/.ssh\/\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528ssh-agent\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u6b21\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u9ad8\u6548\u5b8c\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
                ssh-agent\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8eAnsible\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4e3a\u4e86\u6ce8\u518c\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Ansible\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5b8c\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
                - name: Add user authorized_keys to ${HOME}\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\r\n  authorized_key:\r\n    user: \"{{ user.name }}\"\r\n    key: \"{{ lookup('file', '\/home\/user\/ssh\/id_rsa.pub') }}\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                - hosts: all\r\n  vars:\r\n      user:\r\n        name: user_name\r\n        pass: password\r\n  roles:\r\n    - sshkey\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u521d\u6b21\u767b\u9304\u5c1a\u672a\u8a3b\u518a\u516c\u9470\u7684\u7528\u6236\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528” –ask-pass “\u9078\u9805\u4f86\u9032\u884cSSH\u5bc6\u78bc\u767b\u9304\u3002<\/p>\n
                TARGET_SERVER=xxx.co.jp\r\nansible-playbook -i \"${TARGET_SERVER},\" --ask-pass setup_key.yml\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u518d\u6b21\u975e\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679cplaybook\u7ba1\u7406\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u548cAnsible\u7684\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f46\u5177\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u79d8\u94a5\u548c\u516c\u94a5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u9700\u5b8c\u5168\u9884\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u3002
                \n\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4eba\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5728git clone\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884cansible-playbook\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5728ssh_config\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u5185\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
                Host<\/span> *\r\n  StrictHostKeyChecking<\/span> no<\/span>\r\n  IdentityFile<\/span> .\/ssh<\/span>\/id_rsa<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6700\u540e, \u6b63\u5982\u6700\u540e, \u6700\u7ec8, \u7ec8\u7a76, \u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c, \u7ed3\u5c3e, \u7ec8\u70b9, \u6700\u7ec8\u9636\u6bb5, \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65<\/h2>\n
                \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8fd0\u8425\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4<\/h3>\n
                \u5728\u56e2\u961f\u4e2d\u8fd0\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662fAnsible\u8fd8\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5411\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8005\u5f80\u5f80\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u53ea\u4f20\u8fbe\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u65e2\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u201d\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u611f\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u5bb3\u6015\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e9b\u7e41\u7410\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u7528\u719f\u6089\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
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