{"id":42388,"date":"2023-03-13T03:35:53","date_gmt":"2023-02-26T15:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/rpm%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T18:37:26","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T10:37:26","slug":"rpm%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/rpm%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95\/","title":{"rendered":"RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7ea2\u5e3dLinux\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u8bb0\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u5fd8\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684rpm -qa\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n
vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -qa\r\nlibunistring-0.9.9-3.el8.x86_64\r\nlibsss_certmap-2.2.3-20.el8.x86_64\r\nbzip2-1.0.6-26.el8.x86_64\r\nvirt-what-1.18-6.el8.x86_64\r\nxkeyboard-config-2.28-1.el8.noarch\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u7528 “rpm -qf <\u6587\u4ef6\u540d>” \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 scratch]$ rpm -qf \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf\r\nnginx-1.14.1-9.module+el8.0.0+4108+af250afe.x86_64\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528rpm -q \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u5305\u7684\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -q ansible\r\nansible-2.9.10-1.el8.noarch\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. \u4f7f\u7528rpm -qi \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -qi ansible\r\nName        : ansible\r\nVersion     : 2.9.10\r\nRelease     : 1.el8\r\nArchitecture: noarch\r\nInstall Date: Tue Jun 23 21:19:24 2020\r\nGroup       : Unspecified\r\nSize        : 102332126\r\nLicense     : GPLv3+\r\nSignature   : RSA\/SHA256, Fri Jun 19 05:08:18 2020, Key ID 21ea45ab2f86d6a1\r\nSource RPM  : ansible-2.9.10-1.el8.src.rpm\r\nBuild Date  : Fri Jun 19 03:20:14 2020\r\nBuild Host  : buildvm-ppc64le-14.iad2.fedoraproject.org\r\nRelocations : (not relocatable)\r\nPackager    : Fedora Project\r\nVendor      : Fedora Project\r\nURL         : http:\/\/ansible.com\r\nBug URL     : https:\/\/bugz.fedoraproject.org\/ansible\r\nSummary     : SSH-based configuration management, deployment, and task execution system\r\nDescription :\r\nAnsible is a radically simple model-driven configuration management,\r\nmulti-node deployment, and remote task execution system. Ansible works\r\nover SSH and does not require any software or daemons to be installed\r\non remote nodes. Extension modules can be written in any language and\r\nare transferred to managed machines automatically.\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
5. \u4ee5rpm -ql <\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5c55\u793a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -ql ansible\r\n\/etc\/ansible\r\n\/etc\/ansible\/ansible.cfg\r\n\/etc\/ansible\/hosts\r\n\/etc\/ansible\/roles\r\n\/usr\/bin\/ansible\r\n\/usr\/bin\/ansible-config\r\n\/usr\/bin\/ansible-connection\r\n\/usr\/bin\/ansible-console\r\n\/usr\/bin\/ansible-doc\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
6. \u663e\u793a\u4e0e<\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -qc ansible\r\n\/etc\/ansible\/ansible.cfg\r\n\/etc\/ansible\/hosts\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
7. rpm -qd \u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u5305\u88f9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u6863<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -qd ansible\r\n\/usr\/share\/doc\/ansible\/CHANGELOG-v2.9.rst\r\n\/usr\/share\/doc\/ansible\/PKG-INFO\r\n\/usr\/share\/doc\/ansible\/README.rst\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-config.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-console.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-doc.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-galaxy.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-inventory.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-playbook.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-pull.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible-vault.1.gz\r\n\/usr\/share\/man\/man1\/ansible.1.gz\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
8. rpm -q –scripts \u663e\u793a\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e4b\u524d\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u811a\u672c\u3002
\n(Chinese translation: 8. rpm -q –scripts h\u00e9 zh\u012b de \u3002)<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -q --scripts nginx\r\npostinstall scriptlet (using \/bin\/sh):\r\n\r\nif [ $1 -eq 1 ] ; then \r\n        # Initial installation \r\n        systemctl --no-reload preset nginx.service &>\/dev\/null || : \r\nfi\r\npreuninstall scriptlet (using \/bin\/sh):\r\n\r\nif [ $1 -eq 0 ] ; then \r\n        # Package removal, not upgrade \r\n        systemctl --no-reload disable --now nginx.service &>\/dev\/null || : \r\nfi\r\npostuninstall scriptlet (using \/bin\/sh):\r\n\r\nif [ $1 -ge 1 ]; then\r\n    \/usr\/bin\/nginx-upgrade >\/dev\/null 2>&1 || :\r\nfi\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u663e\u793a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528rpm -q –changelog\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ rpm -q --changelog ansible\r\n* Thu Jun 18 2020 Kevin Fenzi <kevin@scrye.com> - 2.9.10-1\r\n- Update to 2.9.10.\r\n\r\n* Tue May 12 2020 Kevin Fenzi <kevin@scrye.com> - 2.9.9-1\r\n- Update to 2.9.9. Fixes bug #1834582\r\n- Fixes gathering facts on f32+ bug #1832625\r\n\r\n* Sat Apr 18 2020 Kevin Fenzi <kevin@scrye.com> - 2.9.7-1\r\n- Update to 2.9.7.\r\n- fixes CVE-2020-1733 CVE-2020-1735 CVE-2020-1740 CVE-2020-1746 CVE-2020-1753 CVE-2020-10684 CVE-2020-10685 CVE-2020-10691\r\n- Drop the -s from the shebang to allow ansible to use locally installed modules.\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528rpm -ivh \u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh nmap-7.70-5.el8.x86_64.rpm \r\nVerifying...                          ################################# [100%]\r\nPreparing...                          ################################# [100%]\r\nUpdating \/ installing...\r\n   1:nmap-2:7.70-5.el8                ################################# [100%]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528yumdownloader\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0b\u8f7d<\u5305\u540d>\u7684RPM\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/h4>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 ~]$ yumdownloader nginx\r\nFailed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8\r\n2020-06-23 21:28:10,301 [ERROR] yumdownloader:3139:MainThread @logutil.py:194 - [Errno 13] Permission denied: '\/var\/log\/rhsm\/rhsm.log' - Further logging output will be written to stderr\r\nNot root, Subscription Management repositories not updated\r\nLast metadata expiration check: 0:09:45 ago on Tue Jun 23 21:18:25 2020.\r\nnginx-1.14.1-9.module+el8.0.0+4108+af250afe.x86_64.rpm                                                                                              913 kB\/s | 570 kB     00:00    \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528rpm2cpio\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0v\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884crpm2cpio | cpio -idv\u3002<\/p>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 scratch]$ rpm2cpio ansible-2.9.10-1.el8.noarch.rpm | cpio -id\r\n207302 blocks\r\n[vagrant@rhel8 scratch]$ ls -l\r\ntotal 17688\r\n-rw-rw-r--. 1 vagrant vagrant 18108720 Jun 23 21:22 ansible-2.9.10-1.el8.noarch.rpm\r\ndrwxrwxr-x. 3 vagrant vagrant       21 Jun 23 21:32 etc\r\ndrwxrwxr-x. 5 vagrant vagrant       41 Jun 23 21:32 usr\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3acpio\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u89e3\u538b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7b26\u5408\u691c\u7d22\u6587\u5b57\u7684RPM\u6587\u4ef6\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/h4>\n
\u82e5\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u8a73\u7d30\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u9078\u9805\u4e2d\u52a0\u4e0av\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u57f7\u884crpm2cpio | cpio -id “<\u641c\u5c0b\u5b57\u8a5e>”\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
[vagrant@rhel8 scratch]$ rpm2cpio ansible-2.9.10-1.el8.noarch.rpm | cpio -idv \"*txt\"\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible-2.9.10-py3.6.egg-info\/SOURCES.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible-2.9.10-py3.6.egg-info\/dependency_links.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible-2.9.10-py3.6.egg-info\/requires.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible-2.9.10-py3.6.egg-info\/top_level.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/completion\/docker.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/completion\/network.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/completion\/remote.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/completion\/windows.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/ansible-test.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/constraints.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/coverage.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.aws.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.azure.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.cs.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.hcloud.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.nios.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.opennebula.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.openshift.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.cloud.vcenter.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/integration.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/network-integration.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/sanity.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/units.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/requirements\/windows-integration.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/sanity\/pep8\/current-ignore.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/sanity\/rstcheck\/ignore-substitutions.txt\r\n.\/usr\/lib\/python3.6\/site-packages\/ansible_test\/_data\/sanity\/shellcheck\/exclude.txt\r\n207302 blocks\r\n[vagrant@rhel8 scratch]$ ls -l\r\ntotal 17688\r\n-rw-rw-r--. 1 vagrant vagrant 18108720 Jun 23 21:22 ansible-2.9.10-1.el8.noarch.rpm\r\ndrwxrwxr-x. 3 vagrant vagrant       17 Jun 23 21:33 usr\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55 \u6211\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7ea2\u5e3dLinux\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u8bb0\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u5fd8\u8bb0\u3002 1. \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8f6f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nRPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/rpm\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55 \u6211\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7ea2\u5e3dLinux\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06RPM\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u8bb0\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u5fd8\u8bb0\u3002 1. \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u8f6f […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/rpm\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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