{"id":42268,"date":"2023-06-12T22:07:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T10:04:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/ansible%ef%bc%9a%e8%a6%81%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%ac%a1play%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87%e5%92%8c%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%8c%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e4%bd%bf\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T08:36:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T00:36:13","slug":"ansible%ef%bc%9a%e8%a6%81%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%ac%a1play%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87%e5%92%8c%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%8c%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e4%bd%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/ansible%ef%bc%9a%e8%a6%81%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%ac%a1play%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e7%9b%ae%e6%a0%87%e5%92%8c%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%ef%bc%8c%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e4%bd%bf\/","title":{"rendered":"Ansible\uff1a\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b21play\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528add_host\u6a21\u5757"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5982\u6807\u9898\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

“add_host\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5267\u672c\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u64ad\u653e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7ec4\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6e05\u5355\u4e2d\u3002”<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528add_host\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6e05\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u548c\u7ec4\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u3002
\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u524dplay\u4e2d\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6570\u91cf\u7b49\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2aplay\u4e2d\u60f3\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6e05\u5355\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5e93\u5b58\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u73a9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/h2>\n

\u6e38\u620f\u7b56\u7565\u4e66<\/h3>\n
-<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> play01<\/span>\r\n  hosts<\/span>:<\/span> localhost<\/span>\r\n  gather_facts<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n  tasks<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> groups befor add_host<\/span>\r\n      debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> groups<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> !unsafe<\/span> '<\/span>add_host:<\/span> {<\/span> name:<\/span> new_host,<\/span> ansible_host:<\/span> p8126a,<\/span> ansible_python_interpreter:<\/span> \/usr\/bin\/python<\/span> }'<\/span>\r\n      add_host:\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000# \u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306bnew_host\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3000<\/span>\r\n        name<\/span>:<\/span> new_host<\/span>\r\n        ansible_host<\/span>:<\/span> p8126a<\/span>\r\n        ansible_python_interpreter<\/span>:<\/span> \/usr\/bin\/python<\/span>\r\n      register<\/span>:<\/span> r<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> result of add_host<\/span>\r\n      debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> r<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> groups after add_host<\/span>\r\n      debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> groups<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> hostvars['new_host'].ansible_host<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> hostvars['new_host'].ansible_python_interpreter<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n-<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> play02<\/span>\r\n  hosts<\/span>:<\/span> new_host                 \u3000\u3000# <= \u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u305fnew_host<\/span>\r\n  gather_facts<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n  tasks<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> inventory_hostname<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>\"shell\":<\/span> \"cat<\/span> \/etc\/motd\"'<\/span>\r\n      shell<\/span>:<\/span> cat \/etc\/motd<\/span>\r\n      register<\/span>:<\/span> r<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> r.stdout_lines<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9e\u65bd<\/h3>\n
$ ansible-playbook -i localhost, sample1.yml\r\n\r\nPLAY [play01] ****************************************************************************************************\r\n\r\nTASK [groups befor add_host] *************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"groups\": {\r\n        \"all\": [\r\n            \"localhost\"\r\n        ],\r\n        \"ungrouped\": [\r\n            \"localhost\"\r\n        ]\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [add_host: { name: new_host, ansible_host: p8126a, ansible_python_interpreter: \/usr\/bin\/python }] ***********\r\nchanged: [localhost]\r\n\r\nTASK [result of add_host] ****************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"r\": {\r\n        \"add_host\": {\r\n            \"groups\": [],\r\n            \"host_name\": \"new_host\",\r\n            \"host_vars\": {\r\n                \"ansible_host\": \"p8126a\",\r\n                \"ansible_python_interpreter\": \"\/usr\/bin\/python\"\r\n            }\r\n        },\r\n        \"changed\": true,\r\n        \"failed\": false\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [groups after add_host] *************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"groups\": {\r\n        \"all\": [\r\n            \"new_host\",         # <= \u8ffd\u52a0\r\n            \"localhost\"\r\n        ],\r\n        \"ungrouped\": [\r\n            \"localhost\",\r\n            \"new_host\"\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000# <= \u8ffd\u52a0\r\n        ]\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"hostvars['new_host'].ansible_host\": \"p8126a\"\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"hostvars['new_host'].ansible_python_interpreter\": \"\/usr\/bin\/python\"\r\n}\r\n\r\n# <= \u4ee5\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u5225play\u3068\u306a\u308b\r\n\r\nPLAY [play02] ****************************************************************************************************\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [new_host] => {\r\n    \"inventory_hostname\": \"new_host\"         # <= \u63a5\u7d9a\u5148\u304cnew_host\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [\"shell\": \"cat \/etc\/motd\"] **********************************************************************************\r\nchanged: [new_host]\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [new_host] => {\r\n    \"r.stdout_lines\": [\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Welcome to AIX Version 7.2!                                                *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Please see the README file in \/usr\/lpp\/bos for information pertinent to    *\",\r\n        \"*  this release of the AIX Operating System.                                  *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n\r\nPLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************\r\nlocalhost                  : ok=6    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   \r\nnew_host                   : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u673a\u7ec4\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21play\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u6e38\u620f\u89c4\u5219\u624b\u518c<\/h3>\n
\r\n-<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> play01<\/span>\r\n  hosts<\/span>:<\/span> localhost<\/span>\r\n  gather_facts<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n  vars<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    add_host<\/span>:<\/span>                  # <= play vars\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> new_host01<\/span>\r\n        groups<\/span>:<\/span> new_group\u3000\u3000\u3000# <= group\u540d\u3092\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b<\/span>\r\n        ansible_host<\/span>:<\/span> p8126a<\/span>\r\n        ansible_python_interpreter<\/span>:<\/span> \/usr\/bin\/python<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> new_host02<\/span>\r\n        groups<\/span>:<\/span> new_group\u3000\u3000\u3000# <= group\u540d\u3092\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b<\/span>\r\n        ansible_host<\/span>:<\/span> p8127a<\/span>\r\n        ansible_python_interpreter<\/span>:<\/span> \/usr\/bin\/python<\/span>\r\n  tasks<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>add_host'<\/span>\r\n      loop<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> add_host<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n      add_host<\/span>:<\/span>                # <= \u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306bgroups\u6307\u5b9a\u3067host\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\n        name<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.name<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_connection<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_connection<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_host<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_host<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_python_interpreter<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_python_interpreter<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span>\r\n          }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_user<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_user<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_port<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_port<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n        ansible_ssh_private_key_file<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.ansible_ssh_private_key_file<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span>\r\n          }}'<\/span>\r\n        groups<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>{{<\/span> item.groups<\/span> |<\/span> default(omit)<\/span> }}'<\/span>\r\n\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> groups after add_host<\/span>\r\n      debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> groups<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n-<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> play02<\/span>\r\n  hosts<\/span>:<\/span> new_group\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000# <= \u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u305fnew_group<\/span>\r\n  gather_facts<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n  tasks<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> inventory_hostname<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>\"shell\":<\/span> \"cat<\/span> \/etc\/motd\"'<\/span>\r\n      shell<\/span>:<\/span> cat \/etc\/motd<\/span>\r\n      register<\/span>:<\/span> r<\/span>\r\n    -<\/span> debug<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        var<\/span>:<\/span> r.stdout_lines<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
$ ansible-playbook -i localhost, sample2.yml \r\n\r\nPLAY [play01] ****************************************************************************************************\r\n\r\nTASK [add_host] ************************************************************************************\r\nchanged: [localhost] => (item={'name': 'new_host01', 'ansible_host': 'p8126a', 'ansible_python_interpreter': '\/usr\/bin\/python', 'groups': 'new_group'})\r\nchanged: [localhost] => (item={'name': 'new_host02', 'ansible_host': 'p8127a', 'ansible_python_interpreter': '\/usr\/bin\/python', 'groups': 'new_group'})\r\n\r\nTASK [groups after add_host] *************************************************************************************\r\nok: [localhost] => {\r\n    \"groups\": {\r\n        \"all\": [               # <= \u3082\u3057\u4ee5\u964d\u306eplay\u3067hosts: all\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u73fe\u5bfe\u8c61host\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\r\n            \"new_host01\",\r\n            \"new_host02\",\r\n            \"localhost\"\r\n        ],\r\n        \"new_group\": [\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000# <= \u8ffd\u52a0\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305fgroup\r\n            \"new_host01\",\r\n            \"new_host02\"\r\n        ],\r\n        \"ungrouped\": [\r\n            \"localhost\"\r\n        ]\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n# <= \u4ee5\u4e0b\u304b\u3089\u5225play\u3068\u306a\u308b\r\n\r\nPLAY [play02] \u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\uff03\u3008\uff1d \u8868\u793a\u540d\u3092\u660e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001hosts:\u306b\u6e21\u3055\u308c\u308b\u540d\u524d(\u3053\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u306fnew_group)\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002--limit SUBSET\u76f8\u5f53\u3002\r\n****************************************************************************************************\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [new_host01] => {\r\n    \"inventory_hostname\": \"new_host01\"\r\n}\r\nok: [new_host02] => {\r\n    \"inventory_hostname\": \"new_host02\"\r\n}\r\n\r\nTASK [\"shell\": \"cat \/etc\/motd\"] **********************************************************************************\r\nchanged: [new_host01]\r\nchanged: [new_host02]\r\n\r\nTASK [debug] *****************************************************************************************************\r\nok: [new_host01] => {\r\n    \"r.stdout_lines\": [\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Welcome to AIX Version 7.2!                                                *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Please see the README file in \/usr\/lpp\/bos for information pertinent to    *\",\r\n        \"*  this release of the AIX Operating System.                                  *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\nok: [new_host02] => {\r\n    \"r.stdout_lines\": [\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Welcome to AIX Version 7.2!                                                *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*  Please see the README file in \/usr\/lpp\/bos for information pertinent to    *\",\r\n        \"*  this release of the AIX Operating System.                                  *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*                                                                             *\",\r\n        \"*******************************************************************************\"\r\n    ]\r\n}\r\n\r\nPLAY RECAP *******************************************************************************************************\r\nlocalhost                  : ok=2    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   \r\nnew_host01                 : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   \r\nnew_host02                 : ok=3    changed=1    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0   \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n
      play vars\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u306b\u66f8\u304b\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082play\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u66f8\u3051\u3070\u826f\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u5ea6\u306f\u4f4e\u3044\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        group vars\u3092\u3069\u3046\u66f8\u304f\u304b\u306f\u672a\u8abf\u67fb\u3002\u66f8\u3051\u308b\uff1f<\/ul>\n
        \u8bf7\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u5236\u5b9a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u539f\u751f\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/h2>\n
        \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u91ca\u4e49\uff1a
        \n\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Ansible\u7684playbook\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9ainventory\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a`-i`\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
        “`bash
        \nansible-playbook -i inventory_file playbook.yml
        \n“`<\/p>\n
        \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c`inventory_file`\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684inventory\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c`playbook.yml`\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u7684playbook\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff01<\/p>\n
         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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