{"id":41901,"date":"2023-08-02T08:57:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T08:50:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bb%8eoracle%e8%bf%81%e7%a7%bb%e5%88%b0azure-db%ef%bc%88postgresql%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3oracle%e5%92%8cpostgresql%e7%9a%8412%e4%b8%aa%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T16:36:01","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T08:36:01","slug":"%e4%bb%8eoracle%e8%bf%81%e7%a7%bb%e5%88%b0azure-db%ef%bc%88postgresql%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3oracle%e5%92%8cpostgresql%e7%9a%8412%e4%b8%aa%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bb%8eoracle%e8%bf%81%e7%a7%bb%e5%88%b0azure-db%ef%bc%88postgresql%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3oracle%e5%92%8cpostgresql%e7%9a%8412%e4%b8%aa%e5%b7%ae%e5%bc%82%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4eceOracle\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230Azure DB\uff08PostgreSQL\uff09\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3Oracle\u548cPostgreSQL\u768412\u4e2a\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u4eceOracle Database\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230PostgreSQL\u65f6\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u91cd\u8981\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u5b58\u50a8\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/h1>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n

2. \u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u5dee\u5f02 de<\/h1>\n

PostgreSQL\u9ed8\u8ba4\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4<\/h2>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u7ecf\u719f\u6089\u4f7f\u7528Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cPostgreSQL\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u964c\u751f\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5b8cInsert\u3001Delete\u3001Update\u7b49DML\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u6267\u884cCOMMIT\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u66f4\u6539\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u64a4\u9500\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u6267\u884cROLLBACK\u3002\u800c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u6267\u884cDML\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528BEGIN\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u8981\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528END\u6216COMMIT\uff0c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6eda\u5219\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884cROLLBACK\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0cDDL\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6eda\u3002<\/h2>\n

\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0cDDL\u8bed\u53e5\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u800c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u9690\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u6eda\u50cf\u5728\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u7684CREATE TABLE\u8fd9\u6837\u7684DDL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ea4\u6613\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/h2>\n

du\u00ec de<\/p>\n

\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9bDML\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5728\u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u884cCOMMIT\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u6267\u884c\u7684DML\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\u800c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728BEGIN\u4e4b\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86COMMIT\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u6267\u884c\u4e86ROLLBACK\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5b9a\u4e49\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff09<\/h1>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n

4. \u6570\u636e\u8fde\u7eed\u751f\u6210<\/h1>\n

\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8fde\u7eed\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\uff0cOracle Database\u548cPostgreSQL\u90fd\u6709\u5e8f\u5217\uff08sequence\uff09\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u9012\u589e\u5217\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u9806\u5e8f\u81ea\u52d5\u30a4\u30f3\u30af\u30ea\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8OracleCREATE SEQUENCE deptseq
\nSTART WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;CREATE TABLE test
\n(testno NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY);PostgreSQLCREATE SEQUENCE deptseq
\nSTART WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1;CREATE TABLE test (testno SERIAL);<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

5.\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u7684\u6709\u65e0<\/h1>\n

\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u5374\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5c06Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n

Oracle Database\u30d1\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b7\u30ce\u30cb\u30e0\/\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d9\u30fc\u30c8\u30b7\u30ce\u30cb\u30e0PostgreSQL\u30b7\u30ce\u30cb\u30e0\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

6. \u5305\u88dd\u3001\u904e\u7a0b<\/h1>\n

\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5305\uff08package\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08procedure\uff09\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5982PL\/pgSQL\u3001PL\/Python\u3001PL\/Perl\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Oracle Database\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\n
\n\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30d7\u30ed\u30b7\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3Oracle Database\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308bPostgreSQL\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b(PL\/pgSQL, PL\/Python, PL\/Tcl, PL\/Perl)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\"image.png\"<\/div>\n

7. \u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/h1>\n

Oracle Database\u548cPostgreSQL\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u79fb\u690d\u5230PostgreSQL\u65f6\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5728Oracle Database\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165orafce\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728PostgreSQL\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0eOracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\uff08\u5e76\u975e\u5168\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\uff09<\/p>\n

8. \u5916\u90e8\u5408\u4f5c<\/h1>\n

Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528(+)\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5916\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728Oracle 9i\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\uff09\u3002
\n\u800c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728(+)\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a[LEFT\/RIGHT] OUTER JOIN\u3002<\/p>\n

Instead of repeating numbers, let’s just use Roman numerals.<\/p>\n

--Oracle Database\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>,<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>dname<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>empno<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>ename<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span>\r\nFROM<\/span> emp<\/span> e<\/span>,<\/span> dept<\/span> d<\/span>\r\nWHERE<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>(<\/span>+<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>\r\nAND<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span>(<\/span>+<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> 300<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n--PostgreSQL\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>,<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>dname<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>empno<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>ename<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span>\r\nFROM<\/span> scott<\/span>.<\/span>emp<\/span> e<\/span>\r\n    RIGHT<\/span> OUTER<\/span> JOIN<\/span> scott<\/span>.<\/span>dept<\/span> d<\/span> ON<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span> =<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span> AND<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span> =<\/span> 300<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u9879, \u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u6539\u5199:
\n\u4f8b\u2461<\/p>\n
--Oracle Database\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>,<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>dname<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>empno<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>ename<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span>\r\nFROM<\/span> emp<\/span> e<\/span>,<\/span> dept<\/span> d<\/span>\r\nWHERE<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>(<\/span>+<\/span>)<\/span> =<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>\r\nAND<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span> =<\/span> 300<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n--PostgreSQL\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>,<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>dname<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>empno<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>ename<\/span>,<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span>\r\nFROM<\/span> scott<\/span>.<\/span>emp<\/span> e<\/span>\r\n    RIGHT<\/span> OUTER<\/span> JOIN<\/span> scott<\/span>.<\/span>dept<\/span> d<\/span>\r\n        ON<\/span> (<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span> =<\/span> d<\/span>.<\/span>deptno<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nWHERE<\/span> e<\/span>.<\/span>comm<\/span> =<\/span> 300<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
9.\u884c\u7ea7\u9501<\/h1>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u7531\u4e8e\u5171\u4eab\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6709\u4f7f\u7528SELECT FOR UPDATE\u3002\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548cPostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u5b58\u5728SELECT FOR UPDATE\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u7ea7\u9501\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528FOR UPDATE\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684WAIT n\u548cNOWAIT\uff0c\u4f46\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728FOR UPDATE\u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728WAIT n\u548cNOWAIT\uff08\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u76f4\u5230\u9501\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570lock_timeout\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u5bfc\u81f4\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ea7\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u6539\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
10\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a<\/h1>\n
Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6709\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4f46\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u793a\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\uff08\u867d\u7136\u5b58\u5728”pg_hint_plan”\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\uff09
\n\u203b”pg_hint_plan”\u5728Azure Database for PostgreSQL\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n
11. \u7a7a<\/h1>\n
\u5728Oracle Database\u4e2d\uff0cNULL\u548c\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff08NULL\uff09\u3002
\n\u800c\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0cNULL\u548c\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5c06Oracle Database\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230PostgreSQL\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528NULL\u6216\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002
\n\u5728\u8fdb\u884cNULL\u7684\u56db\u5219\u8fd0\u7b97\u6216\u4e0eNULL\u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u4e3aNULL\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8NULL\u7684\u5217\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528COALESCE\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8eOracle Database\u4e2d\u7684NVL\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u7b49\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76<\/h1>\n
\u5728Oracle Database\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740MERGE\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u63d2\u5165\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709MERGE\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cPostgreSQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86UPSERT\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u51b2\u7a81\uff09\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e<\/h1>\n
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