{"id":41803,"date":"2024-01-21T08:48:15","date_gmt":"2023-08-05T23:25:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/postgresql-9-6-%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e4%b9%8b%e4%b8%80%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e5%ba%a6%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2%ef%bc%88similarity-search%ef%bc%89%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T19:28:20","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T11:28:20","slug":"postgresql-9-6-%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e4%b9%8b%e4%b8%80%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e5%ba%a6%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2%ef%bc%88similarity-search%ef%bc%89%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/postgresql-9-6-%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%96%b0%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e4%b9%8b%e4%b8%80%e6%98%af%e7%9b%b8%e4%bc%bc%e5%ba%a6%e6%90%9c%e7%b4%a2%ef%bc%88similarity-search%ef%bc%89%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff08Similarity Search\uff09\u529f\u80fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e PostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684 contrib\/pg_trgm \u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u53d1\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u70b9\u51fb\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728contrib\/pg_trgm\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u201c\u8bcd\u8bed\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u201d\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff08\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u79d1\u7f57\u7279\u79d1\u592b\uff0c\u963f\u56fe\u5c14\u00b7\u624e\u57fa\u7f57\u592b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u6700\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff1f<\/h1>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u6587\u6863\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\uff08\u5373\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u591a\u4e48\u76f8\u4f3c\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\u7684contrib\/pg_trgm\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528similarity()\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4ee53-gram\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a0\u52301\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5c0f\u6570\uff0c\u8868\u793a”\u7b2c\u4e00\u53c2\u6570\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53c2\u6570\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6709\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c”\u3002<\/p>\n

postgres(1)=# select similarity('like', 'Hello, I like PostgreSQL');\r\n similarity\r\n------------\r\n        0.2\r\n(1 row)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570”Hello, I like PostgreSQL”\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570”like”\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u4e3a0.2\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5\u6bd4”like”\u66f4\u957f\u7684”PostgreSQL”\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\uff0c<\/p>\n
postgres(1)=# select similarity('PostgreSQL', 'Hello, I like PostgreSQL');\r\n similarity\r\n------------\r\n       0.44\r\n(1 row)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4ece\u76f8\u90bb\u7684\u8bcd\u7ec4\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0e\u201clike\u201d\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u201cPostgreSQL\u201d\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201cHello, I like PostgreSQL\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u95ed\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u66f4\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u64c5\u957f\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6709\u591a\u76f8\u4f3c\u201d\uff08\u8003\u8651\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5199\u6cd5\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
Word Similarity\u691c\u7d22\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h1>\n
\u5728Word Similarity\u641c\u5c0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8207\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684Similarity\u641c\u5c0b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u8003\u616e\u8a5e\u8a9e\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u4ee5\u8a08\u7b97\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres(1)=# select word_similarity('like', 'Hello, I like PostgreSQL');\r\n word_similarity\r\n-----------------\r\n               1\r\n(1 row)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Word Similarity\u691c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570”like”\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
\n\u7531\u4e8e”like”\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u53e5\u5b50”Hello, I like PostgreSQL”\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u4e3a1\u3002
\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ee5”PostgreSQL”\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5”like”\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres(1)=# select word_similarity('PostgreSQL', 'Hello, I like PostgreSQL');\r\n word_similarity\r\n-----------------\r\n               1\r\n(1 row)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Word Similarity\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6027\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u3002
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0cWord Similarity\u548cSimilarity\u641c\u7d22\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u771f\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019<\/h1>\n
SQL\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528similarity()\u548cword_similarity()\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Word Similarity\u8fdb\u884cSQL\u7f16\u5199\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26%>\u6216<%\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> %><\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span> <%<\/span> col<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4ecePostgreSQL 9.6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u9608\u503c\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8eGUC\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0bSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u9608\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
SET<\/span> pg_trgm<\/span>.<\/span>word_similarity_threshold<\/span> to<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u4e3a1\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u8bcd\u8bed\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n
pg_trgm.word_similarity_threshold = 1 \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\uff1a<\/h3>\n
pg_trgm.\u8bcd\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u9608\u503c = 1<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u4e3a1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u5305\u542b\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7684\u884c\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> TABLE<\/span> hoge<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgerSQL<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> Postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>5<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> %><\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>2<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u5339\u914d\u641c\u7d22\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u610f\u4f7f\u7528Word Similarity\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u4f7f\u7528ILIKE\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> ILIKE<\/span> '%PostgreSQL%'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>2<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
pg_trgm.word_similarity_threshold \u5c0f\u4e8e 1<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5c06\u8bbe\u5b9a\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a1\u6216\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9”\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u884c”\u3002 “\u6709\u591a\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u6765\u786e\u5b9a”\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u5b57”\u662f\u7531\u8bbe\u5b9a\u503c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> set<\/span> pg_trgm<\/span>.<\/span>word_similarity_threshold<\/span> to<\/span> 0<\/span>.<\/span>8<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSET<\/span>\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> %><\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>2<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> set<\/span> pg_trgm<\/span>.<\/span>word_similarity_threshold<\/span> to<\/span> 0<\/span>.<\/span>5<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSET<\/span>\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> %><\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> Postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>4<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> set<\/span> pg_trgm<\/span>.<\/span>word_similarity_threshold<\/span> to<\/span> 0<\/span>.<\/span>4<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSET<\/span>\r\npostgres<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span>=#<\/span> SELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> hoge<\/span> WHERE<\/span> col<\/span> %><\/span> 'PostgreSQL'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        col<\/span>\r\n-------------------<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgerSQL<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> Postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgres<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> postgresql<\/span>\r\n I<\/span> like<\/span> PostgreSQL<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>5<\/span> rows<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u8bed\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/h1>\n
\u5728pg_trgm\u4e2d\u7684Word Similarity\u641c\u7d22\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u5355\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e76\u975e\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u65e5\u8bed\u914d\u5408\u7a0d\u663e\u4e0d\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres(1)=# select word_similarity('\u6771\u4eac\u90fd', '\u6771\u4eac\u90fd\u3067\u30aa\u30ea\u30f3\u30d4\u30c3\u30af');\r\n word_similarity\r\n-----------------\r\n            0.75\r\n(1 row)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e PostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684 contrib\/pg_trgm \u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u53d1\u884c\u8bf4\u660e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nPostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff08Similarity Search\uff09\u529f\u80fd - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/postgresql-9-6-\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff08similarity-search\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff08Similarity Search\uff09\u529f\u80fd\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e PostgreSQL 9.6 \u4e2d\u7684 contrib\/pg_trgm \u4e2d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u53d1\u884c\u8bf4\u660e […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/postgresql-9-6-\u4e2d\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u641c\u7d22\uff08similarity-search\uff09\u529f\u80fd\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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