\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff01\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5173\u4e8ePostgreSQL\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n
PostgreSQL\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30bb\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u76e3\u67fb\u30ed\u30ae\u30f3\u30b0
\npgAudit \u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf pgaudit.log \u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30af\u30e9\u30b9(READ \/ WRITE \/ FUNCTION \/ ROLE \/ DDL \/ MISC \/ MISC_SET\/ALL)\u306e\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u53d6\u5f97\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u76e3\u67fb\u30ed\u30ae\u30f3\u30b0
\npgAudit \u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3042\u308b pgaudit.role \u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u8a18\u9332\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3059\u3079\u3066\u8a18\u9332\u3059\u308b\u3068\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u91cf\u306e\u76e3\u67fb\u30ed\u30b0\u304c\u53d6\u5f97\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u7b49\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3060\u3051\u3092\u76e3\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6elog_statement\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5728postgresql.conf\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u83b7\u53d6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u96be\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5047\u8bbePostgreSQL\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u3002
\n\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n
\u641c\u7d22 pgaudit \u5305<\/p>\n
[root@postgresql yum.repos.d]# yum search pgaudit\r\n\u30b5\u30d6\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7ba1\u7406\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u30b3\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30de\u30fc\u8b58\u5225\u5b50\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3081\u307e\u305b\u3093\r\n\r\n\u3053\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u767b\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002subscription-manager \u3067\u767b\u9332\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u671f\u9650\u5207\u308c\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d: 2:39:34 \u6642\u9593\u524d\u306e 2022\u5e7411\u670806\u65e5 19\u664224\u520610\u79d2 \u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n==================================================== \u540d\u524d & \u6982\u8981 \u4e00\u81f4: pgaudit =====================================================\r\npgauditlogtofile_11-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for pgauditlogtofile\r\npgauditlogtofile_12-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for pgauditlogtofile\r\npgauditlogtofile_13-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for pgauditlogtofile\r\npgauditlogtofile_14-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for pgauditlogtofile\r\npgauditlogtofile_15-llvmjit.x86_64 : Just-in-time compilation support for pgauditlogtofile\r\n======================================================== \u540d\u524d \u4e00\u81f4: pgaudit ========================================================\r\npgaudit12_10.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit13_11.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit14_12.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit15_13.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit16_14.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit17_15.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Extension\r\npgaudit_analyze.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Analyzer\r\npgaudit_analyze.noarch : PostgreSQL Audit Analyzer\r\npgauditlogtofile-10.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile-11.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile-12.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile-13.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_10.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_11.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_12.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_13.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_14.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\npgauditlogtofile_15.x86_64 : PostgreSQL Audit Log To File Extension\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5b89\u88c5 pgaudit \u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
[root@postgresql yum.repos.d]# yum install pgaudit17_15.x86_64\r\n\u30b5\u30d6\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7ba1\u7406\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\u30b3\u30f3\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30de\u30fc\u8b58\u5225\u5b50\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3081\u307e\u305b\u3093\r\n\r\n\u3053\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306b\u767b\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002subscription-manager \u3067\u767b\u9332\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u30e1\u30bf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u671f\u9650\u5207\u308c\u306e\u6700\u7d42\u78ba\u8a8d: 2:39:42 \u6642\u9593\u524d\u306e 2022\u5e7411\u670806\u65e5 19\u664224\u520610\u79d2 \u306b\u5b9f\u65bd\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n\u4f9d\u5b58\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u89e3\u6c7a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n====================================================================================================================================\r\n \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8 \u30a2\u30fc\u30ad\u30c6\u30af\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc \u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3 \u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc \u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\r\n====================================================================================================================================\r\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb:\r\n pgaudit17_15 x86_64 1.7.0-1.rhel8 pgdg15 56 k\r\n\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u6982\u8981\r\n====================================================================================================================================\r\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb 1 \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\r\n\r\n\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u306e\u5408\u8a08: 56 k\r\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u5f8c\u306e\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba: 98 k\r\n\u3053\u308c\u3067\u3088\u308d\u3057\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304b? [y\/N]: y\r\n\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9:\r\npgaudit17_15-1.7.0-1.rhel8.x86_64.rpm 35 kB\/s | 56 kB 00:01\r\n------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r\n\u5408\u8a08 35 kB\/s | 56 kB 00:01\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d\r\n \u6e96\u5099 : 1\/1\r\n \u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u4e2d : pgaudit17_15-1.7.0-1.rhel8.x86_64 1\/1\r\n scriptlet\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d: pgaudit17_15-1.7.0-1.rhel8.x86_64 1\/1\r\n \u691c\u8a3c : pgaudit17_15-1.7.0-1.rhel8.x86_64 1\/1\r\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u88fd\u54c1\u304c\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u6e08\u307f:\r\n pgaudit17_15-1.7.0-1.rhel8.x86_64\r\n\r\n\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f!\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728postgresql.conf\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0shared_preload_libraries=’pgaudit’\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql ~]$ vi \/var\/lib\/pgsql\/15\/data\/postgresql.conf\r\n[postgres@postgresql ~]$ cat \/var\/lib\/pgsql\/15\/data\/postgresql.conf | grep shared_preload\r\nshared_preload_libraries = 'pgaudit' # (change requires restart)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n4. \u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 PostgreSQL \u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n
[root@postgresql pgsql]# systemctl restart postgresql-15.service\r\n[root@postgresql pgsql]#\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n5. \u5c06pgauidit\u6ce8\u518c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql ~]$ psql -U postgres\r\npsql (15.0)\r\n\"help\"\u3067\u30d8\u30eb\u30d7\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\npostgres=# CREATE EXTENSION pgaudit;\r\nCREATE EXTENSION\r\npostgres=# \\dx\r\n \u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u6e08\u307f\u306e\u62e1\u5f35\u4e00\u89a7\r\n \u540d\u524d | \u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3 | \u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de | \u8aac\u660e\r\n---------+------------+------------+---------------------------------\r\n pgaudit | 1.7 | public | provides auditing functionality\r\n plpgsql | 1.0 | pg_catalog | PL\/pgSQL procedural language\r\n(2 \u884c)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h2>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c alter database set pgaudit.log=’All’; \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c
\n\u5c06 ALL \u7c7b\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a db1\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres=# create database db1;\r\nCREATE DATABASE\r\npostgres=# alter database db1 set pgaudit.log='ALL';\r\nALTER DATABASE\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n2. \u786e\u8ba4\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e
\n\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql log]$ cd \/var\/lib\/pgsql\/15\/data\/log\r\n[postgres@postgresql log]$ ls\r\npostgresql-Mon.log postgresql-Sun.log\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n3. \u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
postgres=# \\c db1\r\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\"db1\"\u306b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\"postgres\"\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\ndb1=# create table ta_1(id integer,name varchar(10));\r\nCREATE TABLE\r\ndb1=# insert into ta_1 values(1,'tanaka');\r\nINSERT 0 1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n4. \u786e\u8ba4\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7
\n\u5bf9\u4e8edb1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5185\u5bb9\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql log]$ cat postgresql-Mon.log\r\n2022-11-07 00:54:54.395 EST [4452] LOG: AUDIT: SESSION,5,1,DDL,CREATE TABLE,,,\"create table ta_1(id integer,name varchar(10));\",<not logged>\r\n2022-11-07 00:55:13.718 EST [4452] STATEMENT: insert into ta_1(1,'tanaka');\r\n2022-11-07 00:56:04.641 EST [4616] LOG: AUDIT: SESSION,1,1,WRITE,INSERT,,,\"insert into ta_1 values(1,'tanaka');\",<not logged>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u5ba1\u6838\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h2>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89d2\u8272<\/p>\n
postgres=# CREATE ROLE auditrole;\r\nCREATE ROLE\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n2. \u66f4\u6539\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql ~]$ vi \/var\/lib\/pgsql\/15\/data\/postgresql.conf\r\npgaudit.role = 'auditrole'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n3. \u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8PostgreSQL<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql ~]$ pg_ctl stop\r\n\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306f\u505c\u6b62\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\r\n[postgres@postgresql ~]$ pg_ctl start\r\n\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u8d77\u52d5\u5b8c\u4e86\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n4. \u5236\u4f5c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
postgres=# create table ta_1(id integer,name varchar(10));\r\nCREATE TABLE\r\npostgres=# insert into ta_1 values(1,'tanaka');\r\nINSERT 0 1\r\npostgres=# select * from ta_1;\r\n id | name\r\n----+--------\r\n 1 | tanaka\r\n(1 \u884c)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5c06\u76d1\u89c6\u6743\u9650\u5206\u914d\u7ed9 auditrole \u5bf9\u4e8e name \u5217\u3002<\/p>\n
postgres=# grant select(name) on ta_1 to auditrole;\r\nGRANT\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n6. \u8868\u683c\u67e5\u9605<\/p>\n
postgres=# select * from ta_1;\r\n id | name\r\n----+--------\r\n 1 | tanaka\r\n(1 \u884c)\r\n\r\npostgres=# select id,name from ta_1;\r\n id | name\r\n----+--------\r\n 1 | tanaka\r\n(1 \u884c)\r\n\r\npostgres=# select id from ta_1;\r\n id\r\n----\r\n 1\r\n(1 \u884c)\r\n\r\npostgres=# select name from ta_1;\r\n name\r\n--------\r\n tanaka\r\n(1 \u884c)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n7. \u68c0\u67e5\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u7a2e\u9078\u64c7\uff1a\u67e5\u770b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5be9\u8a08\u65e5\u8a8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u50c5\u76e3\u8996\u6d89\u53ca\u540d\u7a31\u5217\u7684SELECT\u8a9e\u53e5\u3002\u4e26\u672a\u751f\u6210\u9078\u64c7id\u7684SELECT\u8a9e\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n
[postgres@postgresql log]$ ll\r\n\u5408\u8a08 4\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 703 11\u6708 9 01:51 postgresql-Wed.log\r\n[postgres@postgresql log]$ tail -f postgresql-Wed.log\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.499 EST [2716] LOG: starting PostgreSQL 15.0 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-10), 64-bit\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.499 EST [2716] LOG: listening on IPv6 address \"::1\", port 5432\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.499 EST [2716] LOG: listening on IPv4 address \"127.0.0.1\", port 5432\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.500 EST [2716] LOG: listening on Unix socket \"\/var\/run\/postgresql\/.s.PGSQL.5432\"\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.502 EST [2716] LOG: listening on Unix socket \"\/tmp\/.s.PGSQL.5432\"\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.504 EST [2720] LOG: database system was shut down at 2022-11-09 01:50:53 EST\r\n2022-11-09 01:51:10.507 EST [2716] LOG: database system is ready to accept connections\r\n2022-11-09 01:52:20.996 EST [2727] LOG: AUDIT: OBJECT,1,1,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.ta_1,select * from ta_1;,<not logged>\r\n2022-11-09 01:52:26.582 EST [2727] LOG: AUDIT: OBJECT,2,1,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.ta_1,\"select id,name from ta_1;\",<not logged>\r\n2022-11-09 01:52:36.394 EST [2727] LOG: AUDIT: OBJECT,3,1,READ,SELECT,TABLE,public.ta_1,select name from ta_1;,<not logged>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u90e8\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5927\u5bb6\u597d\uff01\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u7b80\u5355\u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u5173\u4e8ePostgreSQL\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5ba1\u8ba1\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\u636e\u5e93 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41696","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n
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