{"id":41642,"date":"2023-06-09T22:10:58","date_gmt":"2024-02-13T00:14:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8postgresql%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%89%b9%e9%87%8f%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e6%8f%92%e5%85%a5%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T08:06:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T00:06:34","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8postgresql%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%89%b9%e9%87%8f%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e6%8f%92%e5%85%a5%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8postgresql%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e6%89%b9%e9%87%8f%e6%9b%b4%e6%96%b0%e6%8f%92%e5%85%a5%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ecePostgreSQL 9.5\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5165\u4e86ON CONFLICT\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cUpsert\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bf9\u591a\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

[2020.08 \u66f4\u65b0]
\n\u6839\u636e\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u6307\u793a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u3002
\n\u636e\u8bf4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728 ON CONFLICT … DO UPDATE \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 EXCLUDED \u5b50\u53e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728 VALUES \u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u884c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf Upsert\u3002\uff08\u672a\u7ecf\u68c0\u9a8c\uff09
\n[\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u7ed3\u675f]<\/p>\n

\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528CTE\u800c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528ON CONFLICT\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n

WITH<\/span>\r\n-- write the new values<\/span>\r\nn<\/span>(<\/span>ip<\/span>,<\/span>visits<\/span>,<\/span>clicks<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n  VALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'192.168.1.1'<\/span>,<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>12<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n         (<\/span>'192.168.1.2'<\/span>,<\/span>6<\/span>,<\/span>18<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n         (<\/span>'192.168.1.3'<\/span>,<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n),<\/span>\r\n-- update existing rows<\/span>\r\nupsert<\/span> AS<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n  UPDATE<\/span> page_views<\/span> o<\/span>\r\n  SET<\/span> visits<\/span>=<\/span>n<\/span>.<\/span>visits<\/span>,<\/span> clicks<\/span>=<\/span>n<\/span>.<\/span>clicks<\/span>\r\n  FROM<\/span> n<\/span> WHERE<\/span> o<\/span>.<\/span>ip<\/span> =<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>ip<\/span>\r\n  RETURNING<\/span> o<\/span>.<\/span>ip<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n-- insert missing rows<\/span>\r\nINSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> page_views<\/span> (<\/span>ip<\/span>,<\/span>visits<\/span>,<\/span>clicks<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>ip<\/span>,<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>visits<\/span>,<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>clicks<\/span> FROM<\/span> n<\/span>\r\nWHERE<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>ip<\/span> NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> (<\/span>\r\n  SELECT<\/span> ip<\/span> FROM<\/span> upsert<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528CartoDB\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u901f\u5ea6 \u2014 CARTO\u535a\u5ba2<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u4f7f\u7528Python + Pandas + asyncpg\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u76f4\u63a5\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u5230PostgreSQL\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      Pandas DataFrame \u306e\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u540d\u3068 PostgreSQL \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u540d\u304c\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \u8907\u5408\u30e6\u30cb\u30fc\u30af\u30ad\u30fc\u3092\u6301\u3064\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6700\u5f8c\u306e INSERT \u90e8\u5206\u304c\u76f8\u95a2\u30b5\u30d6\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3082\u306e\u3059\u3054\u304f\u9045\u3044<\/ul>\n
        import<\/span> asyncio<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> asyncpg<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> pandas<\/span> as<\/span> pd<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nasync<\/span> def<\/span> bulk_upsert<\/span>(<\/span>conn<\/span>,<\/span> df<\/span>:<\/span> pd<\/span>.<\/span>DataFrame<\/span>,<\/span> table<\/span>:<\/span> str<\/span>,<\/span> key_columns<\/span>:<\/span> list<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    assert<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>df<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    assert<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>key_columns<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    value_columns<\/span> =<\/span> df<\/span>.<\/span>iloc<\/span>[:<\/span>0<\/span>].<\/span>drop<\/span>(<\/span>key_columns<\/span>,<\/span> axis<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>).<\/span>columns<\/span>.<\/span>to_list<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    assert<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>value_columns<\/span>)<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n    n<\/span> =<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>df<\/span>.<\/span>columns<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    statements<\/span> =<\/span> ','<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>'('<\/span> +<\/span> ','<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>'$'<\/span> +<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span> *<\/span> n<\/span> +<\/span> j<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> for<\/span> j<\/span> in<\/span> range<\/span>(<\/span>n<\/span>)])<\/span> +<\/span> ')'<\/span> for<\/span> i<\/span> in<\/span> range<\/span>(<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>df<\/span>))])<\/span>\r\n    query<\/span> =<\/span> f<\/span>\"\"\"\r\n        WITH\r\n        -- write the new values\r\n        n(<\/span>{<\/span>','<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>df<\/span>.<\/span>columns<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span>) AS (VALUES <\/span>{<\/span>statements<\/span>}<\/span>),\r\n        -- update existing rows\r\n        upsert AS (\r\n          UPDATE <\/span>{<\/span>table<\/span>}<\/span> AS o\r\n          SET <\/span>{<\/span>', '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>f<\/span>'<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>=<\/span>n<\/span>.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>' for col in value_columns])<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n          FROM n\r\n          WHERE <\/span>{<\/span>' AND '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>f<\/span>'o.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span> =<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>' for col in key_columns])<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n          RETURNING <\/span>{<\/span>', '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>f<\/span>'o.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>' for col in key_columns])<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n        )\r\n        -- insert missing rows\r\n        INSERT INTO <\/span>{<\/span>table<\/span>}<\/span> (<\/span>{<\/span>', '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>df<\/span>.<\/span>columns<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span>)\r\n        SELECT <\/span>{<\/span>', '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>f<\/span>'n.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>' for col in df.columns])<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n        FROM n\r\n        WHERE (\r\n          SELECT COUNT(1)\r\n          FROM upsert AS u\r\n          WHERE <\/span>{<\/span>' AND '<\/span>.<\/span>join<\/span>([<\/span>f<\/span>'u.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span> =<\/span> n<\/span>.<\/span>{<\/span>col<\/span>}<\/span>' for col in key_columns])<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n        ) = 0\r\n        \"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    values<\/span> =<\/span> sum<\/span>([<\/span>list<\/span>(<\/span>row<\/span>)<\/span> for<\/span> row<\/span> in<\/span> df<\/span>.<\/span>values<\/span>],<\/span> [])<\/span>  # flatten\r\n<\/span>    await<\/span> conn<\/span>.<\/span>execute<\/span>(<\/span>query<\/span>,<\/span> *<\/span>values<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nasync<\/span> def<\/span> main<\/span>():<\/span>\r\n    conn<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> asyncpg<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>'postgresql:\/\/postgres@localhost\/'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> bulk_upsert<\/span>(<\/span>conn<\/span>,<\/span> pd<\/span>.<\/span>read_csv<\/span>(<\/span>'users.csv'<\/span>),<\/span> 'users'<\/span>,<\/span> [<\/span>'id'<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> conn<\/span>.<\/span>close<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\nif<\/span> __name__<\/span> ==<\/span> '__main__'<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    asyncio<\/span>.<\/span>get_event_loop<\/span>().<\/span>run_until_complete<\/span>(<\/span>main<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        \u4ecePostgreSQL 9.5\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5165\u4e86ON CONFLICT\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cUpsert\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41642","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u4f7f\u7528postgresql\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u4ecePostgreSQL 9.5\u7248\u672c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5165\u4e86ON CONFLICT\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884cUpsert\uff08\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\uff09 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u4f7f\u7528postgresql\u8fdb\u884c\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u63d2\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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