{"id":41449,"date":"2023-08-15T05:29:11","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T12:35:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90postgresql%e3%80%91%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T18:36:46","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T10:36:46","slug":"%e3%80%90postgresql%e3%80%91%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e3%80%90postgresql%e3%80%91%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8e%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010PostgreSQL\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h2>\n

\u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u6784\u6210\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

-bash-4.2$ pwd\r\n\/var\/lib\/pgsql\/11\/data\r\n-bash-4.2$ ll\r\n\u5408\u8a08 64\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres     3  1\u6708 18  2023 PG_VERSION\r\ndrwx------. 6 postgres postgres    58  6\u6708 13 17:26 base\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres    30 12\u6708  4 14:07 current_logfiles\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres  4096 12\u6708  4 14:07 global\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres   188  1\u6708 24  2023 log\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_commit_ts\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_dynshmem\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres  4267  1\u6708 23  2023 pg_hba.conf\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres  1636  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_ident.conf\r\ndrwx------. 4 postgres postgres    68 12\u6708  4 14:07 pg_logical\r\ndrwx------. 4 postgres postgres    36  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_multixact\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres    18 12\u6708  4 14:07 pg_notify\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_replslot\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_serial\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_snapshots\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6 11\u6708 16 14:44 pg_stat\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres    25 12\u6708  4 14:08 pg_stat_tmp\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres    18  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_subtrans\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 11  1957 pg_tblspc\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres     6  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_twophase\r\ndrwx------. 3 postgres postgres  4096 10\u6708 18 16:24 pg_wal\r\ndrwx------. 2 postgres postgres    18  1\u6708 18  2023 pg_xact\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres    88  1\u6708 18  2023 postgresql.auto.conf\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 24007 11\u6708 16 14:44 postgresql.conf\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres    58 12\u6708  4 14:07 postmaster.opts\r\n-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   103 12\u6708  4 14:07 postmaster.pid\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PGDATA\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u5207\u6362\u5230\/var\/lib\/pgsql\/data\u3002
\n\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3acd $PGDATA\u3002<\/div>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u5011\u5c07\u7e3d\u7d50\u76ee\u9304\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n
base\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea
\nPostgreSQL\u304c\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u5404\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u308b
\n\u5404\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u3001base\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u5185\u306e\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u30b5\u30d6\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b5\u30d6\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306eOID(\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u8b58\u5225\u5b50)\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u547d\u540d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
\n\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
\nTOAST\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf
\n\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30ab\u30bf\u30ed\u30b0<\/p>\n
global\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea
\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5171\u901a\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30ab\u30bf\u30ed\u30b0
\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ed\u30b0
\n\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/p>\n
pg_wal\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea
\nWAL\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea<\/p>\n
pg_xact\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea
\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
pg_tblspc\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea
\n\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u30b7\u30f3\u30dc\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u30b7\u30f3\u30af\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b
\n\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5834\u6240\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n
      PG_VERSION\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        PostgreSQL\u306e\u30e1\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3002<\/ul>\n
        cat <\/span>PG_VERSION \r\n11\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
        • \n
            \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
             <\/p>\n
              \n
            • \n
                \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5b9f\u614b\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                 <\/p>\n
                  8192\u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u7ba1\u7406\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/ul>\n
                  ll base\/13881\/\r\n\u5408\u8a08 15184\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 112\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 113\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   98304 10\u6708 18 14:53 1247\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   24576 10\u6708 18 14:18 1247_fsm\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 24  2023 1247_vm\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                  \u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
                  \n\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
                  \n8192\u30d0\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u7ba1\u7406\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n
                  TOAST\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
                  \n\u9577\u5927\u306a\u884c\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7279\u6b8a\u306a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3002<\/p>\n
                  Free Space Map\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb
                  \n\u7a7a\u304d\u9818\u57df\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3002<\/p>\n
                  ll base\/13881\/\r\n\u5408\u8a08 15184\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 112\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 113\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   98304 10\u6708 18 14:53 1247\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   24576 10\u6708 18 14:18 1247_fsm # Free Space Map\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/span>\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 24  2023 1247_vm\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \n
                  • \n
                      Visibility Map\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                       <\/p>\n
                        \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306e\u53ef\u8996\u6027\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n
                        ll base\/13881\/\r\n\u5408\u8a08 15184\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 112\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 18  2023 113\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   98304 10\u6708 18 14:53 1247\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres   24576 10\u6708 18 14:18 1247_fsm\r\n-rw-------<\/span>.<\/span> 1 postgres postgres    8192  1\u6708 24  2023 1247_vm # Visibility Map\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                          \n
                        • \n
                            WAL\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                             <\/p>\n
                              \n
                            • \n
                                PostgresQL\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u3092\u8a18\u9332\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3002pg_wal\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                 <\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                • \n
                                    postgresql.conf\u3068pg_hba.conf<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                     <\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    • \n
                                        PostgreSQL\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                         <\/p>\n
                                          \n
                                        • \n
                                            postmaster.pid<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                             <\/p>\n
                                              PostgreSQL\u306e\u7a3c\u50cd\u4e2d\u306b\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3067\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n
                                              cat <\/span>postmaster.pid\r\n1210\r\n\/var\/lib\/pgsql\/11\/data\r\n1701666445\r\n5432\r\n\/var\/run\/postgresql\r\nlocalhost\r\n  5432001         0\r\nready   \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                              \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
                                              \u901a\u8fc7\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n
                                              \u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/h2>\n
                                              \u5b66\u4e60 PostgreSQL \u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784 – \u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u4e4b\u89c4\u5219<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                                              \u9996\u5148 \u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u3010PostgreSQL\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u3010postgresql\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u3010PostgreSQL\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u9996\u5148 \u5728PostgreSQL\u4e2d\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u672c\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u3010postgresql\u3011\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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