{"id":41440,"date":"2022-12-19T22:57:02","date_gmt":"2023-08-27T18:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8epostgresql%e7%9a%84%e8%8c%83%e5%9b%b4%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T06:06:15","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T22:06:15","slug":"%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8epostgresql%e7%9a%84%e8%8c%83%e5%9b%b4%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%85%b3%e4%ba%8epostgresql%e7%9a%84%e8%8c%83%e5%9b%b4%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8ePostgreSQL\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f9ePostgreSQL 9.2\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5167\u7f6e\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u985e\u578b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u7576\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u60f3\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u5927\u81f4\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u624b\u518a\u4e2d\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u9032\u884c\u4ecb\u7d39\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u8ffd\u6c42\u6e96\u78ba\u6027\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u95b1\u8b80\u624b\u518a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u5927\u7565\/\u7c97\u7565\u5730<\/h3>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06”1\u523010″\u6216\u8005”2013\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u52302013\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5”\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n

\u6700\u521d\u5df2\u7ecf\u9884\u5148\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6709 int4range\u3001int8range\u3001numrange\u3001tsrange\u3001tstzrange\u548cdaterange \u8fd9\u516d\u79cd\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b0\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u9762\u8868\u8fbe<\/h3>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u7d20\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n

 -- 1 \u4ee5\u4e0a 10 \u4ee5\u4e0b<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> int4range<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n -- 1 \u4ee5\u4e0a 10 \u4ee5\u4e0b<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> '[1,10]'<\/span>::<\/span>int4range<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u591a\u4e48\u65b9\u4fbf\u5462<\/h2>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u300c\u5f00\u59cb\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7ed3\u675f\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u6270\u7684\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u6839\u636e\u8868\u683c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u60a8\u5bf9\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e86\u89e3\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\n
namestart_dateend_datehoge2013-01-012013-12-31fuga2013-01-012013-02-29moge2013-01-01nullponyo2013-01-01null<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u6216\u8005<\/p>\n
\n
namestart_dateend_datehoge2013-01-012013-12-31fuga2013-01-012013-02-29moge2013-01-019999-12-31ponyo2013-01-019999-12-31<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5fc3\u7075\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5141\u8bb8\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u540e\u8005\u5219\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u201c9999 \u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u54c8\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f88\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
nametermhoge[2013-01-01,2014-01-01)fuga[2013-01-01,2013-03-01)moge[2013-01-01,)ponyo[2013-01-01,)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6beb\u65e0\u987e\u8651\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0NOT NULL\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5fc5\u505a\u51fa\u4ee4\u4eba\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63d2\u5165\u8d85\u8fc7\u9065\u8fdc\u672a\u6765\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6307\u793a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5229\u7528<\/h3>\n
\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5c06\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u533a\u57df\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u6709\u8868\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4eab\u53d7\u533a\u57df\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u597d\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
namestart_dateend_datehoge2013-01-012013-12-31fuga2013-01-012013-02-29moge2013-01-01nullponyo2013-01-01null<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u521a\u521a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u4e3ausers\uff09\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE<\/span> INDEX<\/span> users_term_index<\/span> ON<\/span> users<\/span> USING<\/span> gist<\/span>(<\/span>daterange<\/span>(<\/span>start_date<\/span>,<\/span> end_date<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u673a\u5236\u6765\u8868\u793a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
-- start_date \u304b\u3089 end_date \u304c 2012-08-01 \u304b\u3089 2013-02-01 \u307e\u3067\u306e\u9593\u3068\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u3082\u91cd\u306a\u308b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> name<\/span>\r\n  FROM<\/span> users<\/span>\r\n WHERE<\/span> start_date<\/span> <=<\/span> '2013-02-01'<\/span>::<\/span>DATE<\/span>\r\n   AND<\/span> end_date<\/span> >=<\/span> '2012-08-01'<\/span>::<\/span>DATE<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u4e0a\u8a18\u3092\u7bc4\u56f2\u578b\u3067\u8868\u73fe<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> name<\/span>\r\n  FROM<\/span> users<\/span>\r\n WHERE<\/span> daterange<\/span>(<\/span>start_date<\/span>,<\/span> end_date<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>)<\/span> &&<\/span> daterange<\/span>(<\/span>'2012-08-01'<\/span>,<\/span> '2013-02-01'<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6bcf\u6b21\u5728\u5199\u8868\u8fbe\u91cd\u53e0\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u603b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7eb8\u4e0a\u753b\u56fe\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u81ea\u4fe1\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u524d\u8005\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u8005\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u91c7\u7528\u524d\u8005\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff0c\u50cf btree (start_date DESC, end_date) \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SET enable_seqscan TO off \u7b49\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u52a0\u5feb\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0e\u6b64\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\uff08\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60c5\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u76f2\u76ee\u76f8\u4fe1\uff09
\n\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u662f\u5426\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u8868\u683c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE<\/span> TABEL<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  name<\/span> text<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  term<\/span> daterange<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  exclude<\/span> using<\/span> gist<\/span>(<\/span>term<\/span> with<\/span> &&<\/span>)<\/span> -- \u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u5185\u3067\u306e\u91cd\u8907\u3057\u305f\u671f\u9593\u3092\u8a31\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
insert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'hoge'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-01-01,2013-02-01)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\ninsert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'hoge'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-02-01,2013-03-01)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n-- \u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306f name \u304c\u3069\u3046\u3042\u308c\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u91cd\u8907\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u5236\u7d04\u9055\u53cd<\/span>\r\ninsert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'fuga'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-02-28,2013-03-31)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528btree_gist\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u975e\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
CREATE<\/span> EXTENSION<\/span> btree_gist<\/span>;<\/span> -- CREATE EXTENSION \u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30a2\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u3066\u5b9f\u884c<\/span>\r\n\r\nCREATE<\/span> TABEL<\/span> users<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  name<\/span> text<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  term<\/span> daterange<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  exclude<\/span> using<\/span> gist<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span> with<\/span> =<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span> with<\/span> &&<\/span>)<\/span> -- \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u6bce\u306b\u91cd\u8907\u3057\u305f\u671f\u9593\u3092\u8a31\u3055\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8868\u683c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
insert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'hoge'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-01-01,2013-02-01)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\ninsert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'hoge'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-02-01,2013-03-01)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\ninsert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'fuga'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-01-01,2013-02-01)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n-- \u3053\u3053\u307e\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u5e38\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306f name \u304c\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3066\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u91cd\u8907\u304c\u3042\u308b\u884c\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u5236\u7d04\u9055\u53cd<\/span>\r\ninsert<\/span> into<\/span> users<\/span> (<\/span>name<\/span>,<\/span> term<\/span>)<\/span> values<\/span> (<\/span>'hoge'<\/span>,<\/span> '[2013-02-28,2013-03-31)'<\/span>::<\/span>daterange<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u7559\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h2>\n
\u300c\u5c01\u9589\u7684\u754c\u7dda\u300d\u548c\u300c\u958b\u653e\u7684\u754c\u7dda\u300d<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f”\u95ed\u5408\u8fb9\u754c”\u548c”\u5f00\u653e\u8fb9\u754c”\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5173\u4e8e”\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5927\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e”\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 int4range(1, 10, ‘[]’) \u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32'[]’\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u5f00\u5408\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b:
\n‘[‘ = \u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e
\n‘]’ = \u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e
\n‘(‘ = \u5927\u4e8e
\n‘)’ = \u5c0f\u4e8e<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06”\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e”\u548c”\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e”\u79f0\u4e3a\u95ed\u5408\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5c06”\u5927\u4e8e”\u548c”\u5c0f\u4e8e”\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u8fb9\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u7701\u7565\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a ‘[)’\uff0c\u5373”\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e”\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u8868\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 psql \u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c SELECT \u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u663e\u793a\u5c06\u4ee5\u7c7b\u4f3c [1, 11) \u7684”\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e”\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u5728 SQL \u7684 BETWEEN \u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u95ed\u5408\u8fb9\u754c\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d77\u70b9\u548c\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c\u4f46\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c4\u5219\u662f'[)’\uff0c\u5373”\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\u3001\u5c0f\u4e8e”\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u5148\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
‘[)’ \u6837\u5f0f\u5728 numrange \u6216 tsrange \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7279\u522b\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n
-- false<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> tsrange<\/span>(<\/span>'2013-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '2014-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '[)'<\/span>)<\/span> @><\/span> '2014-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>::<\/span>timestamp<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- true<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> tsrange<\/span>(<\/span>'2013-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '2014-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>)<\/span> @><\/span> '2014-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>::<\/span>timestamp<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u5c01\u95ed\u8fb9\u754c\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\uff0c<\/p>\n
--- 0.009 \u79d2\u8d85\u904e\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067 false<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> tsrange<\/span>(<\/span>'2013-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '2013-12-31 23:59:59.99'<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>)<\/span> @><\/span> '2013-12-31 23:59:59.999'<\/span>::<\/span>timestamp<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n--- \u4e01\u5ea6\u5883\u754c\u5024\u306a\u306e\u3067 true<\/span>\r\nSELECT<\/span> tsrange<\/span>(<\/span>'2013-01-01 00:00:00'<\/span>,<\/span> '2013-12-31 23:59:59.99'<\/span>,<\/span> '[]'<\/span>)<\/span> @><\/span> '2013-12-31 23:59:59.99'<\/span>::<\/span>timestamp<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u8bf4\u6765\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u786e\u7684\u201c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u201d\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u70b9\u56f0\u96be\u5462\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u30fb\u672a\u6ee1\u201d\u98ce\u683c\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u79bb\u6563\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982”\u6309\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u8ba1\u7b97\u6d3b\u8dc3\u671f\u95f4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6570\u91cf”\u3002<\/p>\n
     WITH<\/span> months<\/span> AS<\/span> (<\/span> \r\n   SELECT<\/span> to_char<\/span>(<\/span>\"day\"<\/span>,<\/span> 'YYYY\u5e74MM\u6708'<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> \"month\"<\/span>\r\n         ,<\/span>daterange<\/span>(<\/span>\"day\"<\/span>::<\/span>DATE<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>\"day\"<\/span> +<\/span> '1 month'<\/span>::<\/span>interval<\/span>)::<\/span>DATE<\/span>,<\/span> '[)'<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> term<\/span>\r\n     FROM<\/span> generate_series<\/span>(<\/span>'2013-01-01'<\/span>,<\/span> '2013-12-01'<\/span>,<\/span> '1 month'<\/span>::<\/span>INTERVAL<\/span>)<\/span> AS<\/span> \"day\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u5404\u6708\u306e\u8868<\/span>\r\n--   month    |          term           <\/span>\r\n--------------+-------------------------<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7401\u6708 | [2013-01-01,2013-02-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7402\u6708 | [2013-02-01,2013-03-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7403\u6708 | [2013-03-01,2013-04-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7404\u6708 | [2013-04-01,2013-05-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7405\u6708 | [2013-05-01,2013-06-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7406\u6708 | [2013-06-01,2013-07-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7407\u6708 | [2013-07-01,2013-08-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7408\u6708 | [2013-08-01,2013-09-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7409\u6708 | [2013-09-01,2013-10-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7410\u6708 | [2013-10-01,2013-11-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7411\u6708 | [2013-11-01,2013-12-01)<\/span>\r\n-- 2013\u5e7412\u6708 | [2013-12-01,2014-01-01)<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3068\u671f\u9593\u306e\u91cd\u306a\u308a\u3092\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u96c6\u8a08<\/span>\r\n   SELECT<\/span> months<\/span>.<\/span>\"month\"<\/span>\r\n         ,<\/span>count<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n     FROM<\/span> months<\/span>\r\n     JOIN<\/span> users<\/span> ON<\/span> users<\/span>.<\/span>term<\/span> &&<\/span> months<\/span>.<\/span>term<\/span>\r\n GROUP<\/span> BY<\/span> months<\/span>.<\/span>\"month\"<\/span>\r\n;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u201c\u5bf9\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u6761\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6df7\u4e71\u548cbug\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9886\u57df\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4ee5\u524d\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u60a8\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7684SQL\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\uff0839.15\uff09\u4e2d\u5199\u7740\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u76f8\u4fe1\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5728Rails\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528PostgreSQL\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002
\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9806\u4fbf\u4e00\u63d0<\/h2>\n
\u4eca\u5929\u662f\u6211\u7684\u751f\u65e5\uff01\u975e\u5e38\u611f\u8c22\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u5f9ePostgreSQL 9.2\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5167\u7f6e\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u985e\u578b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u7576\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u60f3\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7531\u65bc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41440","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5173\u4e8ePostgreSQL\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5173\u4e8epostgresql\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8ePostgreSQL\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u5f9ePostgreSQL 9.2\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5167\u7f6e\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u985e\u578b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u7576\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u60f3\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7531\u65bc […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5173\u4e8epostgresql\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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