{"id":40545,"date":"2022-08-22T20:28:17","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T21:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86elasticsearch%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0rails%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%b8%ad\/"},"modified":"2024-01-15T10:39:12","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T02:39:12","slug":"%e5%b0%86elasticsearch%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0rails%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86elasticsearch%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0rails%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%b8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c06Elasticsearch\u96c6\u6210\u5230Rails\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elasticsearch\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h1>\n

Elasticsearch\u662f\u7531Elastic\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u4ece\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u5305\u542b\u76ee\u6807\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728Rails\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5904\u7406Elasticsearch\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h1>\n

1. \u6240\u6709\u641c\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u3002
\n2. \u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u53d1\u51fa\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\n3. \u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0e\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528Rails\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406Elasticsearch<\/h1>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15<\/h3>\n

\u5728 Elasticsearch \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002
\n\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728Elasticsearch\u4e2d\u5904\u7406Rails\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u7528\u7684gem\u3002\u5728Gemfile\u4e2d\u5199\u4e0b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884cbundle install\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

gem 'elasticsearch-model', github: 'elastic\/elasticsearch-rails'\r\ngem 'elasticsearch-rails', github: 'elastic\/elasticsearch-rails'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53bundle install\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u5728Elasticsearch\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002
\n\u5728\u60f3\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u5305\u542bElasticsearch::Model\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> Article<\/span> <<\/span> ActiveRecord<\/span>::<\/span>Base<\/span>\r\n  include<\/span> Elasticsearch<\/span>::<\/span>Model<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u64cd\u4f5cElasticsearch\u4e86\u3002
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<\/p>\n
Article<\/span>.<\/span>__elasticsearch__<\/span>.<\/span>create_index!<\/span> force<\/span>:true<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u653e\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d<\/h3>\n
\u5728Elasticsearch\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u3002
\n\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u60f3\u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u5bfc\u5165\u5230Elasticsearch\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\r\nArticle<\/span>.<\/span>import<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u6ce8\u518c\u5230Elasticsearch\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5411Elasticsearch\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u6863\u3002
\n\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4eceRails\u5411Elasticsearch\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/p>\n
response<\/span> =<\/span> Article<\/span>.<\/span>search<\/span> 'hoge'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u524d\u53f0\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
def<\/span> index<\/span>\r\n  @articles<\/span> =<\/span> Article<\/span>.<\/span>search<\/span>(<\/span>params<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53Rails\u4fa7\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u5730\uff0cElasticsearch\u7684\u6587\u6863\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5f53\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u8425\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679cRails\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0Elasticsearch\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\u60f3\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u66f4\u65b0Elasticsearch\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
Article<\/span>.<\/span>first<\/span>.<\/span>__elasticsearch__<\/span>.<\/span>update_document<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3adelete_document\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u5730\u5199\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002
\n\u4f7f\u7528gem elasticsearch-model\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728Model\u4e2d\u5305\u542bElasticsearch::Model::Callbacks\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b0Elasticsearch\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> Article<\/span>\r\n  include<\/span> Elasticsearch<\/span>::<\/span>Model<\/span>\r\n  include<\/span> Elasticsearch<\/span>::<\/span>Model<\/span>::<\/span>Callbacks<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06Elasticsearch\u96c6\u6210\u5230Rails\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u6211\u6765\u5236\u4f5cArticle\u6a21\u578b\u641c\u7d22\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
require<\/span> 'active_support\/concern'<\/span>\r\nmodule<\/span> Article::Searchable<\/span>\r\n  extend<\/span> ActiveSupport<\/span>::<\/span>Concern<\/span>\r\n\r\n  included<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n    include<\/span> Elasticsearch<\/span>::<\/span>Model<\/span>\r\n\r\n    index_name<\/span> \"article\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n    settings<\/span> index: <\/span>{<\/span>\r\n      number_of_shards: <\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n      number_of_replicas: <\/span>0<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n      mapping<\/span> _source: <\/span>{<\/span> enabled: <\/span>true<\/span> }<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n        indexes<\/span> :id<\/span>,<\/span> type: <\/span>'integer'<\/span>,<\/span> index: <\/span>'not_analyzed'<\/span>\r\n        indexes<\/span> :title<\/span>,<\/span> type: <\/span>'string'<\/span>\r\n        indexes<\/span> :content<\/span>,<\/span> type: <\/span>'text'<\/span>\r\n      end<\/span>\r\n    end<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\n\r\n  module<\/span> ClassMethods<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> create_index!<\/span>(<\/span>options<\/span>=<\/span>{})<\/span>\r\n      client<\/span> =<\/span> __elasticsearch__<\/span>.<\/span>client<\/span>\r\n      client<\/span>.<\/span>indices<\/span>.<\/span>delete<\/span> index: <\/span>\"article\"<\/span> rescue<\/span> nil<\/span> if<\/span> options<\/span>[<\/span>:force<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n      client<\/span>.<\/span>indices<\/span>.<\/span>create<\/span> index: <\/span>\"article\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n      body: <\/span>{<\/span>\r\n        settings: <\/span>settings<\/span>.<\/span>to_hash<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        mappings: <\/span>mappings<\/span>.<\/span>to_hash<\/span>\r\n      }<\/span>\r\n    end<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u542b Elasticsearch::Model\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
index_name\u662f\u7d22\u5f15\u540d\u79f0\uff0csettings\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002
\nnumber_of_shards\u548cnumber_of_replicas\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5206\u7247\u548c\u526f\u672c\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0e\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6620\u5c04\uff08mapping\uff09\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08RDB\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
create_index!\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9645\u521b\u5efa\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u52a9\u624b\u51fd\u6570\u3002
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7elasticsearch.client\u83b7\u53d6Elasticsearch\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c
\n\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> Article<\/span> <<\/span> ActiveRecord<\/span>::<\/span>Base<\/span>\r\n  include<\/span> Article<\/span>::<\/span>Searchable<\/span>\r\n  def<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>search_message<\/span>(<\/span>keyword<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> keyword<\/span>.<\/span>present?<\/span>\r\n      query<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \"query\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n          \"match\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            \"message\"<\/span>:<\/span> keyword<\/span>\r\n          }<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n      }<\/span>\r\n      Article<\/span>.<\/span>__elasticsearch__<\/span>.<\/span>search<\/span>(<\/span>query<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    else<\/span>\r\n      Article<\/span>.<\/span>none<\/span>\r\n    end<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6839\u636e\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6784\u5efa\u641c\u7d22\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9Article.elasticsearch.search\u3002
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528elasticsearch.search\u6765\u5bf9Article\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0celasticsearch-rails\u548celasticsearch-model\u5c06\u4f1a\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> ArticlesController<\/span> <<\/span> ApplicationController<\/span>\r\n  def<\/span> search<\/span>\r\n    @keyword<\/span> =<\/span> params<\/span>[<\/span>:keyword<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    @articles<\/span> =<\/span> Article<\/span>.<\/span>search_message<\/span>(<\/span>@keyword<\/span>).<\/span>paginate<\/span>(<\/span>page: <\/span>params<\/span>[<\/span>:page<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n  end<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728Rails\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u96c6\u6210Elasticsearch\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n
\u4f7f\u7528elasticsearch-rails\u5728Rails\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cElasticsearch\u3010\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u3011\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5c06Elasticsearch\u96c6\u6210\u5230Rails\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u5904\u7406\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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