{"id":40420,"date":"2023-12-12T16:45:12","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T23:26:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot%e7%9a%84mockmvc%e6%9d%a5%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T13:16:07","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T05:16:07","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot%e7%9a%84mockmvc%e6%9d%a5%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8spring-boot%e7%9a%84mockmvc%e6%9d%a5%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Spring Boot\u7684MockMVC\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u63a7\u5236\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4f7f\u7528MockMVC\u5728JUnit\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528Spring MVC\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n

MockMVC\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h1>\n

\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0Spring MVC\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528MockMVC\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728Spring Boot\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MockMVC\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

testCompile<\/span>(<\/span>'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 SPRING INITIALIZR\uff08https:\/\/start.spring.io\/\uff09\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u5728 build.gradle \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c1d\u8bd5MockMVC\uff0c\u6211\u4f7f\u7528SPRING INITIALIZR\uff08https:\/\/start.spring.io\/\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u3002
\n\u6211\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9879\u76ee\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u6dfb\u52a0Web\u548cThymeleaf\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Spring MVC\u548cThymeleaf\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      Spring Boot\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\uff1a 2.0M7<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
          \u30d3\u30eb\u30c9\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\uff1aGradle<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
           <\/p>\n
            \n
          • \n
              \u8a00\u8a9e\uff1aKotlin<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
               <\/p>\n
                dependency: Web, Thymeleaf<\/ul>\n
                \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6846\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u518c\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
                \"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8<\/div>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528MockMVC\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u6839URL\u65f6\u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u9875\u9762\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c1d\u8bd5MockMVC\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5ffd\u7565\u9875\u9762\u663e\u793a\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/h1>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793aindex.html\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6839URL\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n
                @Controller<\/span>\r\nclass<\/span> UserController<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @RequestMapping<\/span>(<\/span>value<\/span> =<\/span> \"\/\"<\/span>,<\/span> method<\/span> =<\/span> [(<\/span>RequestMethod<\/span>.<\/span>GET<\/span>)])<\/span>\r\n    fun<\/span> index<\/span>(<\/span>model<\/span>:<\/span> Model<\/span>):<\/span> String<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        model<\/span>.<\/span>addAttribute<\/span>(<\/span>\"userForm\"<\/span>,<\/span> UserForm<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> \"index\"<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>    \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u5355\u7c7b<\/h1>\n
                \u6211\u5011\u5c07\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u8f38\u5165\u8868\u55ae\u7684\u985e\u3002\u5728 Kotlin \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 data class \u5beb\u6210\u7c21\u6f54\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\u3002<\/p>\n
                data class<\/span> UserForm<\/span>(<\/span>val<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> \"\"<\/span>,<\/span> val<\/span> mail<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span> =<\/span> \"\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u89c6\u56fe<\/h1>\n
                \u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528BootStrap\uff0c\u6211\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
                compile<\/span> group:<\/span> 'org.webjars'<\/span>,<\/span> name:<\/span> 'bootstrap'<\/span>,<\/span> version:<\/span> '3.3.7-1'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528Thymeleaf\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6587\u672c\u6846\u548c\u6309\u94ae\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
                <!DOCTYPE html><\/span>\r\n<html<\/span> xmlns:th=<\/span>\"http:\/\/www.thymeleaf.org\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n<head><\/span>\r\n    <meta<\/span> http-equiv=<\/span>\"Content-Type\"<\/span> content=<\/span>\"text\/html; charset=UTF-8\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n    <link<\/span> rel=<\/span>\"stylesheet\"<\/span> th:href=<\/span>\"@{\/webjars\/bootstrap\/3.3.7-1\/css\/bootstrap.min.css}\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n    <meta<\/span> name=<\/span>\"viewport\"<\/span> content=<\/span>\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n    <title><\/span>\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u767b\u9332<\/title><\/span>\r\n<\/head><\/span>\r\n<body><\/span>\r\n    <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"container\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n        <h1><\/span>\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u767b\u9332<\/h1><\/span>\r\n        <form<\/span> id=<\/span>\"userForm\"<\/span> method=<\/span>\"post\"<\/span> th:action=<\/span>\"@{\/user}\"<\/span> th:object=<\/span>\"${userForm}\"<\/span> action=<\/span>\"\/user\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n            <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"form-group\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n                <label<\/span> for=<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>><\/span>Name<\/label><\/span>\r\n                <input<\/span> class=<\/span>\"form-control\"<\/span> id=<\/span>\"name\"<\/span> type=<\/span>\"text\"<\/span> th:feild=<\/span>\"*{name}\"<\/span> name=<\/span>\"name\"<\/span> placeholder=<\/span>\"Name\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\r\n            <\/div><\/span>\r\n            <div<\/span> class=<\/span>\"form-group\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n                <label<\/span> for=<\/span>\"mail\"<\/span>><\/span>Mail<\/label><\/span>\r\n                <input<\/span> class=<\/span>\"form-control\"<\/span> id=<\/span>\"mail\"<\/span> type=<\/span>\"text\"<\/span> th:feild=<\/span>\"*{mail}\"<\/span> name=<\/span>\"mail\"<\/span> placeholder=<\/span>\"Mail\"<\/span>\/><\/span>\r\n            <\/div><\/span>\r\n            <button<\/span> type=<\/span>\"submit\"<\/span> class=<\/span>\"btn btn-primary\"<\/span>><\/span>\u767b\u9332<\/button><\/span>\r\n        <\/form><\/span>\r\n    <\/div><\/span>\r\n<\/body><\/span>\r\n<\/html><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u8003\u8bd5<\/h1>\n
                \u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6839URL\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a
                \n– \u786e\u4fddindex.html\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\u88ab\u663e\u793a
                \n– \u786e\u4fdd\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200
                \n– \u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u672c\u6846\u7684name\u5c5e\u6027\u3001placeholder\u5c5e\u6027\u548cvalue\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684<\/p>\n
                \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
                @RunWith<\/span>(<\/span>SpringRunner<\/span>::<\/span>class<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/ \u2460<\/span>\r\n@WebMvcTest<\/span> \/\/ \u2461<\/span>\r\nclass<\/span> UserControllerTest<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Autowired<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> lateinit<\/span> var<\/span> mockMvc<\/span>:<\/span> MockMvc<\/span>  \/\/ \u2462<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Test<\/span>\r\n    fun<\/span> test1<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>mockMvc<\/span>.<\/span>perform<\/span>(<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"\/\"<\/span>))<\/span>               \/\/ \u2463 <\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>status<\/span>().<\/span>isOk<\/span>)<\/span>            \/\/ \u2464<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>view<\/span>().<\/span>name<\/span>(<\/span>\"index\"<\/span>))<\/span>     \/\/ \u2465<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\/html\/head\/title\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"Title\"<\/span>))<\/span>    \/\/ \u2466<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"name\"]\/@name\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"name\"]\/@placeholder\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"Name\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"name\"]\/@value\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"mail\"]\/@name\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"mail\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"mail\"]\/@placeholder\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"Mail\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>xpath<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"\"\/\/*[@id=\"mail\"]\/@value\"\"\"<\/span>).<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                  \n
                • \n
                    \u2460 JUnit\u3067Spring\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                     <\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • \n
                        \u2461 MockMVC\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u3092\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f@WebMvcTest\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                         <\/p>\n
                          \n
                        • \n
                            \u2462 MockMvc\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3092DI\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                             <\/p>\n
                              \n
                            • \n
                                \u2463 GET\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u9001\u4fe1\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                 <\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                • \n
                                    \u2464 HTTP\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                     <\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    • \n
                                        \u2465 \u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066index.html\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                         <\/p>\n
                                          \u2466 \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u5404\u5c5e\u6027\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002XPath\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059<\/ul>\n
                                          \u8fdb\u884c\u8003\u8bd5<\/h1>\n
                                          \u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728IDE\u4e0a\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4f5cJUnit\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002
                                          \n\u5982\u679c\u8981\u901a\u8fc7gradlew\u6307\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u6307\u5b9a\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                                          .\/gradlew test<\/span> --tests<\/span> \"package.ControllerTest\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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