\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u5229\u7528Spring\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eWeb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528Spring Web\u7684\u6279\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6279\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u5904\u7406DI\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5199\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528Spring Initializr \u521b\u5efa\u7684\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u5bf9\u4e8eMaven\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cpom.xml\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
<dependencies><\/span>\r\n <dependency><\/span>\r\n <groupId><\/span>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId><\/span>\r\n <artifactId><\/span>spring-boot-starter<\/artifactId><\/span>\r\n <\/dependency><\/span>\r\n <dependency><\/span>\r\n <groupId><\/span>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId><\/span>\r\n <artifactId><\/span>spring-boot-starter-test<\/artifactId><\/span>\r\n <scope><\/span>test<\/scope><\/span>\r\n <\/dependency><\/span>\r\n<\/dependencies><\/span>\r\n<build><\/span>\r\n <plugins><\/span>\r\n <plugin><\/span>\r\n <groupId><\/span>org.springframework.boot<\/groupId><\/span>\r\n <artifactId><\/span>spring-boot-maven-plugin<\/artifactId><\/span>\r\n <\/plugin><\/span>\r\n <\/plugins><\/span>\r\n<\/build><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5982\u679c\u662fGradle\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5219build.gradle\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u662f\u3002<\/p>\n
dependencies<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n implementation<\/span> 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter'<\/span>\r\n testImplementation<\/span> 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\ntest<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n useJUnitPlatform<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Spring Initializr\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002
\n\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u5728Eclipse\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u9879\u76ee\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6b21\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e0a\u5411\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u6253\u62db\u547c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u201cHello World!\u201d\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528application.properties\u7981\u7528Spring Boot\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u6a2a\u5e45\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u6b21\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Logback\u3002
\n\u5404\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
spring.main.banner-mode<\/span> =<\/span> off<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><\/span>\r\n<!DOCTYPE logback><\/span>\r\n<configuration><\/span>\r\n <appender<\/span> name=<\/span>\"STDOUT\"<\/span> class=<\/span>\"ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n <encoder><\/span>\r\n <pattern><\/span>%msg%n<\/pattern><\/span>\r\n <\/encoder><\/span>\r\n <\/appender><\/span>\r\n\r\n <logger<\/span> name=<\/span>\"console-logger\"<\/span>><\/span>\r\n <appender-ref<\/span> ref=<\/span>\"STDOUT\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n <\/logger><\/span>\r\n<\/configuration><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
CliApplication
\n\u251c src\/main\/java
\n\u2502 \u2514 com.example
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u251c controller
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u2514 CliController.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u251c service
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u251c CliService.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u2514 CliServiceImpl.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2514 CliApplication.java
\n\u2514 src\/main\/resources
\n\u251c application.properties
\n\u2514 logback.xml<\/p>\n
Cli\u5e94\u7528
\n\u251c src\/main\/java
\n\u2502 \u2514 com.example
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u251c \u63a7\u5236\u5668
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u2514 CliController.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u251c \u670d\u52a1
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u251c CliService.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2502 \u2514 CliServiceImpl.java
\n\u2502 \u3000 \u2514 CliApplication.java
\n\u2514 src\/main\/resources
\n\u251c application.properties
\n\u2514 logback.xml<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c<\/h2>\n
\u867d\u7136\u524d\u9762\u6709\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u5f15\u8a00\uff0c\u4f46\u9996\u5148\u5177\u6709main\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> org.slf4j.Logger<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.slf4j.LoggerFactory<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> com.example.controller.CliController<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n@SpringBootApplication<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> CliApplication<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n private<\/span> final<\/span> static<\/span> Logger<\/span> logger<\/span> =<\/span> LoggerFactory<\/span>.<\/span>getLogger<\/span>(<\/span>\"console-logger\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> args<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n logger<\/span>.<\/span>info<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u51e6\u7406\u958b\u59cb\uff01\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n try<\/span> (<\/span>ConfigurableApplicationContext<\/span> ctx<\/span> =<\/span> SpringApplication<\/span>.<\/span>run<\/span>(<\/span>CliApplication<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>,<\/span> args<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n CliController<\/span> controller<\/span> =<\/span> ctx<\/span>.<\/span>getBean<\/span>(<\/span>CliController<\/span>.<\/span>class<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n controller<\/span>.<\/span>process<\/span>(<\/span>args<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n }<\/span> catch<\/span>(<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n e<\/span>.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n }<\/span>\r\n\r\n logger<\/span>.<\/span>info<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u51e6\u7406\u7d42\u4e86\uff01\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 “ConfigurableApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(CliApplication.class, args)” \u6765\u521b\u5efa Spring \u7684 DI Container\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0cBean \u4f1a\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u5904\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u968f\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u50cf\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\u4e0d\u5904\u4e8e\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8c03\u7528\u4e5f\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0 NullPointerException\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u51c6\u5907\u4f7f\u7528 DI Container\u3002
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5728 CliApplication.java \u5305\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684 Bean\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 “ctx.getBean(CliController.class)” \u6765\u8c03\u7528\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002
\ntry-with-resource \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728\u4e3b\u7c7b\u6267\u884c\u540e\u51c6\u5907\u4f7f\u7528 DI Container\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u5173\u95ed\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7c7b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.stereotype.Controller<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> com.example.service.CliService<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n@Controller<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> CliController<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n @Autowired<\/span>\r\n private<\/span> CliService<\/span> service<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n public<\/span> void<\/span> process<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> args<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n if<\/span> (<\/span>args<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n service<\/span>.<\/span>greeting<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n service<\/span>.<\/span>greeting<\/span>(<\/span>args<\/span>[<\/span>0<\/span>]);<\/span>\r\n }<\/span>\r\n }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\npublic<\/span> interface<\/span> CliService<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n public<\/span> void<\/span>