{"id":40132,"date":"2023-12-21T14:35:40","date_gmt":"2024-02-02T03:05:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8spring-boot%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e4%b8%ad\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T14:39:59","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T06:39:59","slug":"%e5%9c%a8spring-boot%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8spring-boot%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e4%b8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Spring Boot\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

\u6211\u5728\u7528SpringBoot\u521b\u5efa\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n

\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1aMac
\nJUnit\uff1aJUnit5.8.2
\nJava\uff1aAmazon Corretto 8
\nSpring Boot\uff1a2.6.1
\nGradle\uff1agradle6.8
\n\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff1aIntelliJ IDEA \u793e\u533a\u7248 2021.1<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u7acb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883<\/h1>\n

\u4f7f\u7528spring-boot-starter-test\u5e93<\/h2>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u300cspring-boot-starter-test\u300d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5728SpringBoot\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5e93\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n

\n
\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u5099\u8003JUnit5Java\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5358\u4f53\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4e8b\u5b9f\u4e0a\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002Spring Test
\nSpring Boot TestSpring Boot\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u3002
\n\u7d71\u5408\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002AssertJ\u3000\u9ad8\u6a5f\u80fd\u306a\u30a2\u30b5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002Hamcrest\u3000\u30de\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002
\n\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002Mockito\u3000Java\u30e2\u30c3\u30af\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3002
\n\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u304c\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308bDI\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0b\u306e\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u30e2\u30c3\u30af\u5316\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002JSONassert\u3000JSON \u306e\u30a2\u30b5\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002JsonPath\u3000JSON\u3067\u3082XPATH\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n

\u5c06\u300cspring-boot-starter-test\u300d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n

dependencies<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u30fb\u30fb\u30fb<\/span>\r\n\ttestImplementation<\/span> 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test'<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\ntest<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tuseJUnitPlatform<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h1>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h2>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de”HelloWorld”\u3002
\n\u5b83\u4f1a\u4eceController\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4eceService\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32”HelloWorld”\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n
@Controller<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> HelloWorldController<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    private<\/span> HelloWorldService<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Autowired<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> HelloWorldController<\/span>(<\/span>HelloWorldService<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>helloworldService<\/span> =<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @ResponseBody<\/span>\r\n    @GetMapping<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> String<\/span> index<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>.<\/span>getString<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
@Service<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> HelloWorldService<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> String<\/span> getString<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> \"HelloWorld\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Spring Boot-starter-test\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u4e8eSpringBoot\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528@SpringBootTest\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528@\ufff0SpringBootTest\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06SpringExtension\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3aJUnit\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30fbSpring TestContext\u6846\u67b6
\n\u65e0\u9700\u53d7\u9650\u4e8eJUnit\u7b49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u652f\u6301DI\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4e8b\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30fbMockMvc\uff08Spring MVC \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff09
\n\u652f\u6301Spring MVC\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9Controller\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528@SpringBootTest\u548c@AutoConfigureMockMvc\u5bf9Controller\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u80fd\u591f\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u201cHelloWorld\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ed9\u4e88 @AutoConfigureMockMvc \u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e MockMvc\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e00\u6837\u5904\u7406\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528MockMvc\u548cMockMvcRequestBuilders\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528MockMvcResultMatchers\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5bf9\u300chttp:\/\/localhost\/\u300d\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684http\u72b6\u6001\u4e3aOK(200)\uff0c\u4e14\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\u300cHelloWorld\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MockMvcRequestBuilders\u8bbe\u7f6eURL\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> org.junit.jupiter.api.Test<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n@SpringBootTest<\/span>\r\n@AutoConfigureMockMvc<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> HelloWorldControllerTest<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Test<\/span>\r\n    void<\/span> HelloWorld\u304c\u53d6\u5f97\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>(<\/span>@Autowired<\/span> MockMvc<\/span> mvc<\/span>)<\/span> throws<\/span> Exception<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n        mvc<\/span>.<\/span>perform<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n                MockMvcRequestBuilders<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"\/\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>MockMvcResultMatchers<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>().<\/span>isOk<\/span>())<\/span>\r\n                .<\/span>andExpect<\/span>(<\/span>MockMvcResultMatchers<\/span>.<\/span>content<\/span>().<\/span>string<\/span>(<\/span>\"HelloWorld\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n
\u50cf Controller \u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u7ed9\u4e88 @SpringBootTest \u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ce8\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6267\u884cService\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u65ad\u8a00\u5e93\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> org.junit.jupiter.api.Test<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> static<\/span> org<\/span>.<\/span>assertj<\/span>.<\/span>core<\/span>.<\/span>api<\/span>.<\/span>Assertions<\/span>.<\/span>assertThat<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n@SpringBootTest<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> HelloWorldServiceTest<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    private<\/span> final<\/span> HelloWorldService<\/span> helloWorldService<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Autowired<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> HelloWorldServiceTest<\/span>(<\/span>HelloWorldService<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>helloWorldService<\/span> =<\/span> helloworldService<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @Test<\/span>\r\n    void<\/span> HelloWorld\u304c\u53d6\u5f97\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>()<\/span> throws<\/span> Exception<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        String<\/span> result<\/span> =<\/span> helloWorldService<\/span>.<\/span>getString<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        assertThat<\/span>(<\/span>result<\/span>).<\/span>isEqualTo<\/span>(<\/span>\"HelloWorld\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6587\u732e\u5f15\u7528<\/h1>\n
 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u9996\u5148 \u6211\u5728\u7528SpringBoot\u521b\u5efa\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1aMac JUnit\uff1aJ […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5728Spring Boot\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5728spring-boot\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u5728Spring Boot\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u9996\u5148 \u6211\u5728\u7528SpringBoot\u521b\u5efa\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002 \u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1aMac JUnit\uff1aJ […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u5728spring-boot\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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