{"id":38481,"date":"2022-11-10T18:06:03","date_gmt":"2023-10-29T07:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3react%e7%9a%84hook%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%89\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T00:02:03","modified_gmt":"2024-04-28T16:02:03","slug":"%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3react%e7%9a%84hook%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%ba%86%e8%a7%a3react%e7%9a%84hook%ef%bc%88%e5%88%9d%e5%ad%a6%e8%80%85%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e86\u89e3React\u7684Hook\uff08\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6307\u5357\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6700\u8fd1\u5f00\u59cb\u63a5\u89e6React\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0b\u6765\u4ee5\u5907\u5fd8\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u6700\u521d\u6253\u7b97\u4eceReact\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f00\u59cb\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u53ea\u4f1a\u7559\u4e0b\u5173\u952e\u7684\u8981\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u81ea\u5df1\u5fd8\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

React\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h1>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0cReact Hook\uff08Hooks\uff09\u662f\u5728React 16.8\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u72b6\u6001\uff08state\uff09\u548c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684API\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Hook\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ba1\u7406\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5904\u7406\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u592a\u96be\u4e86\u3002\u5149\u542c\u5230\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4f1a\u9010\u4e00\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

“\u7ec4\u4ef6”\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n

\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662fReact\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u6309\u94ae\u3001\u6587\u672c\u6846\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u5c0f\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u88c5\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d2d\u7269\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u4e3a\u5934\u90e8\u3001\u4fa7\u8fb9\u680f\u3001\u5546\u54c1\u5217\u8868\u548c\u9875\u811a\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u521b\u5efa\u4e3a\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u5408\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u7c7b\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u7528\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u66f4\u77ed\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528React\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u7c7b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662fReact\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5c0f\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u7ec4\u5408\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u6574\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

“\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30c8\uff08state\uff09”\u610f\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n

state\u662f\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5185\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f53state\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u57fa\u4e8e\u65b0state\u503c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528useState\u94a9\u5b50\u6765\u7ba1\u7406state\u3002<\/p>\n

\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u6307\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/h3>\n

\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u662f\u6307React\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u9636\u6bb5\u6216\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728React\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5728\u663e\u793a\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u6302\u8f7d\u201d\uff08Mounting\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u7ec4\u4ef6\u9996\u6b21\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230DOM\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u6e32\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u53cd\u6620\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u5c5e\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0cReact\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u65b0DOM\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5378\u8f7d\uff08Unmounting\uff09: \u5728\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u4ece DOM \u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0e\u7ec4\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5c06\u88ab\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 useEffect \u94a9\u5b50\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 useEffect \u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e05\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u7d93\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e09\u7a2e\u9264\u5b50\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u3002<\/h2>\n
\n
\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u8aac\u660e\u7528\u9014useState\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6301\u305f\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308buseEffect\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3001\u30a2\u30f3\u30de\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u72b6\u614b\u5909\u66f4\u6642\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\u3001\u8cfc\u8aad\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u624b\u52d5\u3067\u306eDOM\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u306a\u3069\u306e\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3002useContext\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u5024\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u3002\u89aa\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u3078\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6e21\u3059\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4f7f\u7528useState<\/h2>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548cuseState\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

import<\/span> React<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunction<\/span> Counter<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span>\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8: {<\/span>count<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>()<\/span> =><\/span> setCount<\/span>(<\/span>count<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>+1<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> Counter<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aCounter\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528useState\u94a9\u5b50\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3acount\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3asetCount\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7useState(0)\u5c06count\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728return\u4e2d\u7684JSX\u4e2d\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8ba1\u6570\u503c\uff08count\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\u4f7f\u8ba1\u6570\u589e\u52a01\u3002\u901a\u8fc7onClick\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0count\u4e3asetCount(count + 1)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0ccount\u4ee3\u8868\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\uff08state\uff09\uff0csetCount\u4ee3\u8868\u72b6\u6001\u66f4\u65b0\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0ccount\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c06\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548cuseState\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4UI\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5728 import React, { useState } from ‘react’; \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 {} \u62ec\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/h3>\n
\u5728JavaScript\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u547d\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\uff08Named imports\uff09\u548c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u5165\uff08Default imports\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u533a\u522b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u547d\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\uff08Named imports\uff09\uff1a
\n\u4f7f\u7528{}\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\u5bfc\u5165\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728{}\u5185\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
import<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span>,<\/span> useEffect<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ece react \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u540d\u4e3a useState \u548c useEffect \u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u5165\uff08Default imports\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ece\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528{}\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u503c\u53ea\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5728\u5bb6\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5bb6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u89c2\u770b\u7535\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u5bfc\u5165\u4eceReact\u6a21\u5757\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u503c\uff08React\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728`import React, { useState } from ‘react’`\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u65f6\u4ecereact\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684React\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u547d\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\u7684useState\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u6784\u6210JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5355\u5143\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u5272\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u522b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u79f0\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u51fa\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u7c7b\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
\/\/ math.js<\/span>\r\nexport<\/span> function<\/span> add<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> a<\/span> +<\/span> b<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> function<\/span> subtract<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>,<\/span> b<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> a<\/span> -<\/span> b<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2amath.js\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e86add\u51fd\u6570\u548csubtract\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528math.js\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ app.js<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> {<\/span> add<\/span>,<\/span> subtract<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>.\/math.js<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>));<\/span> \/\/ 3<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>subtract<\/span>(<\/span>4<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>));<\/span> \/\/ 3<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aapp.js\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4ecemath.js\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86add\u51fd\u6570\u548csubtract\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ec4\u4ef6\u548c\u90e8\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n
\u201c\u96d6\u7136\u7d44\u4ef6\u548c\u6a21\u584a\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e3b\u8981\u5728React\u4e2d\u8868\u793aUI\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684UI\u3002\u5728React\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6216\u7c7b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u7c7b\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8eReact\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u5728JavaScript\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
React\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0eJavaScript\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5173\u8054\u662f\u6307React\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3aJavaScript\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0cReact\u7ec4\u4ef6\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684React\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ Button.jsx<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> Button<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>props<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>props<\/span>.<\/span>onClick<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>{<\/span>props<\/span>.<\/span>children<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n};<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> Button<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u88ab\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ App.jsx<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> Button<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>.\/Button<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> App<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> handleClick<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    alert<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>Button clicked!<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n  };<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>Button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>handleClick<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>Click me<\/<\/span>Button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n};<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> App<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7406\u89e3React\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u61c9\u8a72\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728React\u4e2d\uff0c\u7d44\u4ef6\u662fUI\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u6a21\u584a\u5247\u662fJavaScript\u4ee3\u78bc\u7684\u7d44\u6210\u55ae\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 useEffect<\/h2>\n
useEffect\u662fReact\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff08side effects\uff09\u3002
\n\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff08side effects\uff09\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7ec4\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u4e0e\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728React\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff11\u3000\u4eceAPI\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e
\n\uff12\u3000\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d
\n\uff13\u3000\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u5668
\n\uff14\u3000\u8bbf\u95ee\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684localStorage
\n\uff15\u3000\u624b\u52a8\u66f4\u6539DOM<\/p>\n
useEffect\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u6267\u884c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9useEffect\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6302\u8f7d\uff08\u9996\u6b21\u6e32\u67d3\uff09\u3001\u5378\u8f7d\uff08\u7ec4\u4ef6\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528useEffect\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> React<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span>,<\/span> useEffect<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunction<\/span> SimpleCounter<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  \/\/ \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308bstate\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n  \/\/ \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\n  useEffect<\/span>(()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f:<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> count<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ \u526f\u4f5c\u7528: \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u30b3\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u3092\u51fa\u529b<\/span>\r\n  },<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>]);<\/span> \/\/ \u4f9d\u5b58\u914d\u5217\u306bcount\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001count\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3060\u3051\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span>\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8: {<\/span>count<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\/* count\u306e\u5024\u3092\u8868\u793a *\/<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>()<\/span> =><\/span> setCount<\/span>(<\/span>count<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span> {<\/span>\/* count\u3092\u5897\u3084\u3059\u30dc\u30bf\u30f3 *\/<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> SimpleCounter<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/h2>\n
\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u662f\u5728React\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6811\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ece\u7236\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528props\uff08\u4ece\u7236\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
useContext\u662fReact\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u94a9\u5b50\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aThemeContext\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u5728App\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5411Child\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4eceApp\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5411Child\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f20\u9012\u4e3b\u9898\u989c\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efaApp.tsx\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u7f16\u5199\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ App.tsx<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> React<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span>,<\/span> useContext<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ 1. ThemeContext\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> ThemeContext<\/span> =<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>createContext<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunction<\/span> App<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  \/\/ 2. \u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u3092state\u3067\u7ba1\u7406<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>themeColor<\/span>,<\/span> setThemeColor<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>red<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ 3. ThemeContext.Provider\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u6e21\u3059<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>ThemeContext<\/span>.<\/span>Provider<\/span> value<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>themeColor<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>Child<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>()<\/span> =><\/span> setThemeColor<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>blue<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>Change theme color to blue<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>ThemeContext<\/span>.<\/span>Provider<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nfunction<\/span> Child<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  \/\/ 4. useContext\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> themeColor<\/span> =<\/span> useContext<\/span>(<\/span>ThemeContext<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ 5. \u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8868\u793a<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span>Theme color is: {<\/span>themeColor<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>p<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  );<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> App<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
\uff11 \u4f7f\u7528React.createContext\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u547d\u540d\u4e3aThemeContext\u3002
\n\uff12 \u4f7f\u7528useState\u5b9a\u4e49themeColor\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528setThemeColor\u6765\u66f4\u65b0\u5b83\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3ared\u3002
\n\uff13 \u4f7f\u7528ThemeContext.Provider\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c06themeColor\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7value\u5c5e\u6027\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n\uff14 \u5728Child\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528useContext\u94a9\u5b50\u4eceThemeContext\u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u6536themeColor\u3002
\n\uff15 \u663e\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff08themeColor\uff09\u3002
\n\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148Child\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u201cTheme color is: red\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8c03\u7528setThemeColor\u5e76\u5c06\u4e3b\u9898\u989c\u8272\u66f4\u6539\u4e3ablue\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u201cTheme color is: blue\u201d\u3002
\n\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u50cfThemeContext.Provider\u8fd9\u6837\u5728Provider\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0Provider\u662fReact\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587API\u7684\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002Provider\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u201c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u8981\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u80fd\u7a0d\u5fae\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5411\u8fdb\u6b65\u66f4\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6bcf\u5929\u52aa\u529b\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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