{"id":38352,"date":"2023-05-27T04:47:51","date_gmt":"2023-02-11T04:15:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8react-typescript%e6%97%b6%ef%bc%8c%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87ref%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8%e5%80%bc%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T06:08:35","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T22:08:35","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8react-typescript%e6%97%b6%ef%bc%8c%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87ref%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8%e5%80%bc%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8react-typescript%e6%97%b6%ef%bc%8c%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87ref%e5%bc%95%e7%94%a8%e5%80%bc%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528React + TypeScript\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7ref\u5f15\u7528\u503c"},"content":{"rendered":"

React\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5df2\u4e8e2023\u5e743\u670816\u65e5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4fee\u8ba2\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605”Introducing react.dev”\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u89e3\u6790\u4e2d”Referencing Values with Refs”\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e86TypeScript\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u7684JavaScript\u57fa\u7840\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u5176\u4ed6\u672c\u7cfb\u5217\u89e3\u8bf4\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300aReact+TypeScript\uff1a\u5b66\u4e60React\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u57fa\u672c\u89e3\u8bf4Learn React\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u4e0d\u60f3\u501f\u6b64\u4fe1\u606f\u89e6\u53d1\u65b0\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ref\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5411\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0ref<\/h1>\n

\u8981\u7ed9\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0ref\uff0c\u9700\u8981import useRef hook\u3002\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9hook\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5b83\u662fref\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\u3002<\/p>\n

import<\/span> {<\/span> useRef<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> App<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> ref<\/span> =<\/span> useRef<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cuseRef\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
{<\/span> \r\n\tcurrent<\/span>:<\/span> 0<\/span> \/\/ useRef\u306b\u6e21\u3057\u305f\u521d\u671f\u5024<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u4eceref.current\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6545\u610f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8be5\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u50cf\u662fReact\u4e0d\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u53e3\u888b\uff08\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fReact\u7684\u5355\u5411\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u7684\u201c\u7d27\u6025\u51fa\u53e3\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u6bcf\u6b21\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\u5bf9ref.current\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u7d2f\u52a0\uff08\u793a\u4f8b001\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> {<\/span> useRef<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> Counter<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> ref<\/span> =<\/span> useRef<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleClick<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tref<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> =<\/span> ref<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\t\talert<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>You clicked <\/span>'<\/span> +<\/span> ref<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> +<\/span> '<\/span> times!<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\treturn <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n\t\t<<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>handleClick<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>Click me!<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n\t);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
React + TypeScript: \u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u503c<\/h4>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cref\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u751a\u81f3\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cref\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684JavaScript\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539current\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u6bcf\u6b21\u589e\u52a0\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u7ed8\u3002\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u6837\uff0cref \u5728 React \u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u91cd\u7ed8\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cref \u7684\u66f4\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6e32\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d2\u8868<\/h1>\n
ref\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d2\u8868\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0b\u6309\u94ae\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u505c\u6b62\u8ba1\u65f6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u663e\u793a\u4ece\u6309\u4e0b\u5f00\u59cb\u6309\u94ae\u5f00\u59cb\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5f00\u59cb\u6309\u94ae\u4f55\u65f6\u88ab\u6309\u4e0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u7528\u4e8e\u6e32\u67d3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u70b9\u51fb\u4e86\u5f00\u59cb\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528setInterval\u6bcf10\u6beb\u79d2\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6837\u4f8b002\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> Stopwatch<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> [<\/span>startTime<\/span>,<\/span> setStartTime<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span> |<\/span> null<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>null<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> [<\/span>now<\/span>,<\/span> setNow<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span> |<\/span> null<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>null<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleStart<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\/\/ \u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u958b\u59cb<\/span>\r\n\t\tsetStartTime<\/span>(<\/span>Date<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\t\tsetNow<\/span>(<\/span>Date<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\t\tsetInterval<\/span>(()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\/\/ 10\u30df\u30ea\u79d2\u3054\u3068\u306b\u66f4\u65b0<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tsetNow<\/span>(<\/span>Date<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\t\t},<\/span> 10<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> secondsPassed<\/span> =<\/span>\r\n\t\tstartTime<\/span> !==<\/span> null<\/span> &&<\/span> now<\/span> !==<\/span> null<\/span> ?<\/span> (<\/span>now<\/span> -<\/span> startTime<\/span>)<\/span> \/<\/span> 1000<\/span> :<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\treturn <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n\t\t<><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>Time passed: {<\/span>secondsPassed<\/span>.<\/span>toFixed<\/span>(<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t<<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>handleStart<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>Start<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/><\/span>\r\n\t);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
React + TypeScript\u793a\u4f8b002\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Refs\u5f15\u7528\u503c<\/h4>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u662f\u505c\u6b62\u6309\u94ae\u3002\u5f53\u6309\u94ae\u88ab\u6309\u4e0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u5c06\u88ab\u89e3\u9664\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cfnow\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u5c06\u505c\u6b62\u3002\u8981\u89e3\u9664\uff0c\u8bf7\u8c03\u7528clearInterval\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u89e3\u9664\u95f4\u9694\u7684ID\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8be5ID\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6309\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8\u6309\u94ae\u5e76\u8c03\u7528setInterval\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u95f4\u9694ID\u3002ID\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u6e32\u67d3\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ref (\u793a\u4f8b003)\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ import { useState } from 'react';<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> {<\/span> useRef<\/span>,<\/span> useState<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> Stopwatch<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n\tconst<\/span> intervalRef<\/span> =<\/span> useRef<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span> |<\/span> null<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>null<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleStart<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\/\/ setInterval(() => {<\/span>\r\n\t\tintervalRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> =<\/span> window<\/span>.<\/span>setInterval<\/span>(()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tsetNow<\/span>(<\/span>Date<\/span>.<\/span>now<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\t\t},<\/span> 10<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleStop<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tif <\/span>(<\/span>!<\/span>intervalRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span>)<\/span> return<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\t\tclearInterval<\/span>(<\/span>intervalRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u793a\u4f8b003\u25a0React + TypeScript\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u503c03<\/h4>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528TypeScript\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528setInterval\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528window\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eNodeJS\u7c7b\u578b@types\/node\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565window\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u63a8\u65ad\u4e3aNodeJS.Timer\u800c\u4e0d\u662fnumber\uff08\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u300cTypeScript\u3067setInterval()\u306e\u578b\u304c\u5408\u308f\u306a\u3044\u7406\u7531\u3068\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u6e32\u67d3\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528ref\u662f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u3002<\/p>\n
ref\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<\/h1>\n
\u4e5f\u8bb8\u60a8\u89c9\u5f97\u4e0e\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\uff08ref\uff09\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u72b6\u6001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a”\u5e94\u6025\u51fa\u53e3”\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
ref<\/code>\u72b6\u614buseRef(initialValue)<\/code>\u306f\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8{ current: initialValue }<\/code>\u3092\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002useState(initialValue)<\/code>\u306e\u623b\u308a\u5024\u306f\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u5909\u6570\u306e\u73fe\u5728\u5024\u3068\u72b6\u614b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3067\u3059([value, setValue]<\/code>)\u3002ref<\/code>\u306e\u5024\u3092\u5909\u3048\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u306f\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u306f\u3001\u3064\u306d\u306b\u518d\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb: current<\/code>\u30d7\u30ed\u30d1\u30c6\u30a3\u5024\u306e\u5909\u66f4\u3068\u66f4\u65b0\u306f\u3001\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u5916\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a4\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb: \u72b6\u614b\u5909\u6570\u306f\u8a2d\u5b9a\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066\u3001\u518d\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u306b\u5165\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u9593\u306fcurrent<\/code>\u306e\u5024\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u66f8\u304d\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u72b6\u614b\u306e\u5024\u306f\u3044\u3064\u3067\u3082\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u72b6\u614b\u306f\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3054\u3068\u306e\u30b9\u30ca\u30c3\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8<\/a>\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u500b\u3005\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5024\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83ref\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff08Sample004\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3002count\u7684\u503c\u5c06\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5408\u9002\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u503c\u5728setCount()\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0cReact\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c4f\u5e55\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u65b0\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> {<\/span> useState<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> '<\/span>react<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nexport<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> Counter<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleClick<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\tsetCount<\/span>(<\/span>count<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> <<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>handleClick<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>You clicked {<\/span>count<\/span>}<\/span> times<\/<\/span>button<\/span>>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6837\u672c004\u25a0React + TypeScript\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u503c04<\/h4>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528ref\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6837\u4f8b005\u3002React\u5728ref\u7684\u503c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u6e32\u67d3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u770b\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4console.log()\u8f93\u51fa\u7684countRef.current\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
export<\/span> default<\/span> function<\/span> Counter<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\/\/ const [count, setCount] = useState(0);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> countRef<\/span> =<\/span> useRef<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> handleClick<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\t\t\/\/ setCount(count + 1);<\/span>\r\n\t\t\/\/ \u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u518d\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044<\/span>\r\n\t\tcountRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> =<\/span> countRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> +<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\t\tconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>count<\/span>'<\/span>:,<\/span> countRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\t};<\/span>\r\n\treturn <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n\t\t<<\/span>button<\/span> onClick<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>handleClick<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t{<\/span>\/* You clicked {count} times *\/<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\t\t\tYou clicked {<\/span>countRef<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span>}<\/span> times\r\n\t\t<\/<\/span>button<\/span>><\/span>\r\n\t);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
React + TypeScript\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Refs \u5f15\u7528\u503c<\/h4>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u6e32\u67d3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6ref.current\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u82e5\u9047\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n
useRef\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h2>\n
useState\u548cuseRef\u662fReact\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u94a9\u5b50\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528useState\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0useRef\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u5c55\u793auseRef\u94a9\u5b50\uff0c\u5219\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
const<\/span> useRef<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>initialValue<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\tconst<\/span> [<\/span>ref<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>({<\/span> current<\/span>:<\/span> initialValue<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\treturn<\/span> ref<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n};<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u6e32\u67d3\u65f6\uff0cuseRef\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de{ current: initialValue }\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u88abReact\u4fdd\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e32\u67d3\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u72b6\u6001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3auseRef\u59cb\u7ec8\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u4f7f\u7528ref\uff1f<\/h1>\n
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u7ec4\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u4eceReact\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u4e2d\u201c\u8d70\u51fa\u53bb\u201d\u4e0e\u5916\u90e8API\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528ref\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668API\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5916\u89c2\u7684\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8ID\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
DOM\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u3066\u64cd\u4f5c\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002
\nJSX\u306e\u7b97\u51fa\u304c\u8981\u3089\u306a\u3044\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u4fdd\u6301\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6e32\u67d3\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 ref\u3002<\/p>\n
ref\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n
\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9002\u5f53\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
ref\u306f\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u53e3\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3084\u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6API\u3092\u6271\u3046\u306e\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u3051\u308c\u3069\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ed\u30b8\u30c3\u30af\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u591a\u304f\u304cref\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3001\u8a2d\u8a08\u3092\u8003\u3048\u76f4\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u4e2d\u306bref.current\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u66f8\u304d\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9593\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002React\u306fref.current\u304c\u3044\u3064\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u77e5\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u305d\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u306f\u4e88\u6e2c\u3057\u306b\u304f\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u5916\u306f\u3001\u306f\u3058\u3081\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u6642\u306b\u3064\u304e\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e00\u5ea6\u3060\u3051\u521d\u671f\u5024\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3059\u3002
\nif (!ref.current) ref.current = new Thing()<\/p>\n
\u9650\u5236React\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8eref\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u5feb\u7167\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cref\u7684current\u503c\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u53cd\u6620\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
ref<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span> =<\/span> 5<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>ref<\/span>.<\/span>current<\/span>);<\/span> \/\/ 5<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70baref\u672c\u8eab\u662fJavaScript\u6a19\u6e96\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u8c61\u904b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u907f\u514d\u53d8\u5f02\u5bf9\u4e8eref\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0d\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6e32\u67d3\uff0cReact\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5173\u5fc3ref\u6216\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u6587\u6863\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b<\/h1>\n
\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u8ff0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n
ref\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u83b7\u53d6DOM\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u60f3\u8981\u7ed9\u5143\u7d20\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7126\u70b9\u65f6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728JSX\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e<\/p>\n
\n
\u7684ref\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5c06DOM\u5143\u7d20\u5b58\u50a8\u5728myRef.current\u4e2d\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528ref\u64cd\u4f5cDOM\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h1>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
ref\u306f\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u306f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u5024\u3092\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u300c\u975e\u5e38\u53e3\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3073\u305f\u3073\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n
ref\u306fcurrent\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d7\u30ed\u30d1\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3060\u3051\u3082\u3064\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u6a19\u6e96JavaScript\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30d7\u30ed\u30d1\u30c6\u30a3\u5024\u306f\u8aad\u307f\u66f8\u304d\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\nReact\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001useRef\u30d5\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3057\u3067ref\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002
\n\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001ref\u306f\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u518d\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u9593\u3067\u4fdd\u6301\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u72b6\u614b\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001ref\u306ecurrent\u5024\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u518d\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002
\n\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u4e2d\u306bref.current\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u66f8\u304d\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u4e88\u6e2c\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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