{"id":38294,"date":"2023-02-24T07:27:34","date_gmt":"2022-11-20T04:23:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/react%e5%92%8ctypescript%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T16:00:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T08:00:53","slug":"react%e5%92%8ctypescript%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/react%e5%92%8ctypescript%e7%9a%84%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89\/","title":{"rendered":"React\u548cTypeScript\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h2>\n

\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u89e3\u91caReact \u00d7 TypeScript\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1. \u5f15\u5165\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n
import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> HelloComponent<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8<\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u60a8\u5199\u4e0a import type { \u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b }\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5bfc\u5165\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> type<\/span> {<\/span> VFC<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> HelloComponent<\/span>:<\/span> VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u578b\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u307f\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8<\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u540d\u4e3aReact.VFC\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002
\nVFC = \u7a7a\u51fd\u6570\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08Void Function Component\uff09<\/p>\n
import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> HelloComponent<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u95a2\u6570\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. props\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3aprops\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u610f\u5916\u4f20\u9012\u7279\u5b9a\u7684props\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u9053\u5177 (props)<\/h3>\n
import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> TypeInference<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u578b\u63a8\u8ad6\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> TypeAnnotation<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u578b\u6ce8\u91c8\u306e\u30d1\u30bf\u30fc\u30f3<\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u6536props\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u573a\u666f\u662f3-2\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      props\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u578b\u6ce8\u91c8\u3059\u308b<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
          React.VFC<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u30b8\u30a7\u30cd\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u578b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
          import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ props\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u578b\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\ninterface<\/span> Sample<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  text<\/span>:<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> TypeAnnotation<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>props<\/span>:<\/span> Sample<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u578b\u6ce8\u91c8 {<\/span>props<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> GenericType<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span><<\/span>Sample<\/span>><\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>props<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\u30b8\u30a7\u30cd\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u578b {<\/span>props<\/span>.<\/span>text<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\/* -- \u547c\u3073\u51fa\u3059\u5074 -- *\/<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> Parent<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      {<\/span>\/* \u7d50\u679c\u306f\u540c\u3058 *\/<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>TypeAnnotation<\/span> text<\/span>=<\/span>\"TypeScript\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>GenericType<\/span> text<\/span>=<\/span>\"TypeScript\"<\/span> \/><\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  )<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          4. useState\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
          4-1. \u4ea4\u7531\u7c7b\u578b\u63a8\u7406\u51b3\u5b9a<\/h3>\n
          \/\/ \u521d\u671f\u5024\u304b\u3089\u578b\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u578b\u63a8\u8ad6\u306b\u4efb\u305b\u308b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>text<\/span>,<\/span> setText<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>)<\/span>         \/\/ string\u578b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>        \/\/ number\u578b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>isShow<\/span>,<\/span> setIsShow<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>false<\/span>)<\/span>  \/\/ boolean\u578b<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u914d\u5217\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>foods<\/span>,<\/span> setFoods<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>([<\/span>\"<\/span>pan<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>rice<\/span>\"<\/span>])<\/span> \r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>numbers<\/span>,<\/span> setNumbers<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>([<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>])<\/span>   \r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u5834\u5408 { name: string\u578b, age: number\u578b, isMarried: boolean\u578b } \u3068\u3044\u3046\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u578b\u304cuser\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u81ea\u52d5\u3067\u4ed8\u304f<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>user<\/span>,<\/span> setUser<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>({<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>akihiro<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> age<\/span>:<\/span> 27<\/span>,<\/span> isMarried<\/span>:<\/span> false<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          4-2. useState\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u539f\u59cb\u503c\uff09<\/h3>\n
          \u5f53\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e0d\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
          \/\/ useState\u306e\u30b8\u30a7\u30cd\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u578b<T>\u306b\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b\u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>text<\/span>,<\/span> setText<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>string<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>)<\/span> \r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>isShow<\/span>,<\/span> setIsShow<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>boolean<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>false<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ null\u3092\u542b\u3080\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u5408\u4f75\u578b\uff08Union Type\uff09\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8907\u6570\u306e\u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>count<\/span>,<\/span> setCount<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span> |<\/span> null<\/span>><\/span>(<\/span>null<\/span>)<\/span> \/\/number\u578b\u307e\u305f\u306fnull\u578b<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          4-3. useState\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u6570\u7ec4\uff09<\/h3>\n
          \u5982\u679c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
          \/\/ useState\u306e\u30b8\u30a7\u30cd\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u578b<T>\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u914d\u5217\u306e\u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>foods<\/span>,<\/span> setFoods<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>string<\/span>[]<\/span>><\/span>([])<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>numbers<\/span>,<\/span> setNumbers<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>number<\/span>[]<\/span>><\/span>([])<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3068\u6570\u5024\u306a\u3069\u3001\u8907\u6570\u306e\u5024\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u69d8\u306b\u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>fuga<\/span>,<\/span> setFuga<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>(<\/span>string<\/span> |<\/span> number<\/span>)[]<\/span>><\/span>([])<\/span>   \/\/ string\u578b\u307e\u305f\u306fnumber\u578b\u306e\u5024\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u914d\u5217<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          4-4. useState\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09<\/h3>\n
          \u8fd9\u662f\u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
          import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u6301\u3064\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\ninterface<\/span> UserData<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  id<\/span>:<\/span> number<\/span>\r\n  name<\/span>:<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> StateSample<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>user<\/span>,<\/span> setUser<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>UserData<\/span>><\/span>({})<\/span> \/\/ \u521d\u671f\u5024\u304c\u578b\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>user<\/span>,<\/span> setUser<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>UserData<\/span>><\/span>({<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> 123<\/span>,<\/span> name<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>akihiro<\/span>\"<\/span> })<\/span> \/\/ OK<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>{<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      <<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>{<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>h1<\/span>><\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>div<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  )<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          4-5. useState\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\uff09<\/h3>\n
          \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u5f53\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6307\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
          import<\/span> React<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>react<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u6301\u3064\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\ninterface<\/span> Todo<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  id<\/span>:<\/span> number<\/span>\r\n  body<\/span>:<\/span> string<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> StateSample<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>VFC<\/span> =<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>todos<\/span>,<\/span> setTodos<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>Todo<\/span>[]<\/span>><\/span>([{}])<\/span> \/\/ \u521d\u671f\u5024\u304c\u578b\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>todos<\/span>,<\/span> setTodos<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>Todo<\/span>[]<\/span>><\/span>([])<\/span>   \/\/ \u7a7a\u914d\u5217\u306fOK<\/span>\r\n  const<\/span> [<\/span>todos<\/span>,<\/span> setTodos<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span><<\/span>Todo<\/span>[]<\/span>><\/span>([{<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> body<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>OK<\/span>\"<\/span> }])<\/span>\r\n\r\n  return <\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    <<\/span>ul<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      {<\/span>todos<\/span>.<\/span>map<\/span>((<\/span>item<\/span>:<\/span> Todo<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> <<\/span>li<\/span> key<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>item<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>}<\/span>><\/span>{<\/span>item<\/span>.<\/span>body<\/span>}<\/span><\/<\/span>li<\/span>><\/span>\r\n      })<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n    <\/<\/span>ul<\/span>><\/span>\r\n  )<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          5. \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08event\uff09\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49<\/h2>\n
          \u4f7f\u7528onClick\u3001onChange\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61event\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
          \/\/ `handleChange`\u306a\u3069\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> [<\/span>inputText<\/span>,<\/span> setInputText<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> useState<\/span>(<\/span>\"\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> handleChange<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>event<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>ChangeEvent<\/span><<\/span>HTMLInputElement<\/span>><\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  setInputText<\/span>(<\/span>event<\/span>.<\/span>target<\/span>.<\/span>value<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ props\u3068\u3057\u3066`onClick`\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u3092\u5b50\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u5074\u3067\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u6642\u306e\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9<\/span>\r\ninterface<\/span> Props<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  handleClick<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>event<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>MouseEvent<\/span><<\/span>HTMLInputElement<\/span>><\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> void<\/span>    \/\/ onClick<\/span>\r\n  handleChange<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>event<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>ChangeEvent<\/span><<\/span>HTMLInputElement<\/span>><\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> void<\/span>  \/\/ onChange<\/span>\r\n  handleSubmit<\/span>:<\/span> (<\/span>event<\/span>:<\/span> React<\/span>.<\/span>FormEvent<\/span><<\/span>HTMLFormElement<\/span>><\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> void<\/span>     \/\/ onSubmit<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u8bf7\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/h3>\n
           <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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