{"id":375,"date":"2023-06-11T19:57:58","date_gmt":"2024-02-24T05:06:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/android%e7%9a%84%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%92%8c%e4%ba%a7%e5%93%81%e9%a3%8e%e5%91%b3%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-02T02:45:33","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T18:45:33","slug":"android%e7%9a%84%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%92%8c%e4%ba%a7%e5%93%81%e9%a3%8e%e5%91%b3%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/android%e7%9a%84%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%92%8c%e4%ba%a7%e5%93%81%e9%a3%8e%e5%91%b3%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"Android\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u89e3\u6790\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\u914d\u7f6e\u6280\u5de7"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300aAndroid\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\u300b\u7684\u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51711\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bbaAndroid\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u5fae\u5c0f\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7fAndroid\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u548c\u66f4\u5feb\u901f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56fe\u6807\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6b63\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002\u5728Android Studio\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u57fa\u672c\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

Android \u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u65e6\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\/\u53d8\u4f53 – \u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u8c03\u8bd5\u662f\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u4eceIDE\u8fd0\u884c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5230\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u662f\u9700\u8981\u60a8\u5bf9APK\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u6784\u5efa\u65e8\u5728\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u5546\u5e97\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528ProGuard\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u53cd\u5411\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u53d1\u5e03\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

buildTypes {\r\n        release {\r\n            minifyEnabled false\r\n            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728android\u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b7e\u540d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
signingConfigs {\r\n        release {\r\n            storeFile file(\"release-key.keystore\")\r\n            storePassword 'password'\r\n            keyAlias 'alias'\r\n            keyPassword 'scdev'\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b7e\u540d\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3arelease-key\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728 buildConfig \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
buildTypes {\r\n        release {\r\n            signingConfig signingConfigs.release\r\n            minifyEnabled false\r\n            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'\r\n        }\r\n        debug{\r\n            applicationIdSuffix \".debug\"\r\n            versionNameSuffix \"-debug\"\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        beta{\r\n            signingConfig signingConfigs.release\r\n            applicationIdSuffix \".beta\"\r\n            versionNameSuffix \"-beta\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8fId\u540e\u7f00\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684applicationId\u4e2d\u3002\u7248\u672c\u540d\u79f0\u5bf9defaultConfig\u4e2d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u540d\u79f0\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u67093\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u53d8\u4f53\uff1a\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u6784\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8f6c\u5230\u8bbe\u7f6e | \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f | \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u622a\u56fe\uff1a\u5e95\u90e8\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u5df2\u66f4\u6539\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6784\u5efa\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n
\u5f53\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u98ce\u5473\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210BuildConfig.java\u7c7b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6eBuild Config\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
buildTypes {\r\n        release {\r\n            signingConfig signingConfigs.release\r\n            minifyEnabled false\r\n            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'\r\n        }\r\n        debug{\r\n            applicationIdSuffix \".debug\"\r\n            versionNameSuffix \"-debug\"\r\n            buildConfigField \"String\", \"TYPE\", '\"I AM A DEBUG NINJA\"'\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        beta{\r\n            signingConfig signingConfigs.release\r\n            applicationIdSuffix \".beta\"\r\n            versionNameSuffix \"-beta\"\r\n            buildConfigField \"String\", \"TYPE\", '\"I AM A BETA NINJA\"'\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fbeta\u6784\u5efa\u7684BuildConfig\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684Activities\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95eeBuildConfig.java\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528buildConfigs\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d44\u6e90\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u7684beta buildConfig\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5728resources | strings.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
resValue \"string\", \"my_name\", \"Anupam Beta\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Android\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u683c<\/h2>\n
Android\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u6216\u4ed8\u8d39\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u548c\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6216API\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\uff0c\u514d\u8d39\u548c\u4ed8\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n
productFlavors{\r\n\r\n        free{\r\n            applicationId \"com.Olivia.androidproductflavors.free\"\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        paid{\r\n            applicationId \"com.Olivia.androidproductflavors.paid\"\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5728build.gradle\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u521b\u5efaflavors\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6eflavor\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002Flavor\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f\u6309\u540d\u79f0\u5c06flavors\u5206\u7ec4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u5728\u60a8\u7684defaultConfig\u5757\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n
flavorDimensions \"default\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u540c\u6b65Gradle\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4f60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ea7\u54c1\u53e3\u5473\uff1a<\/p>\n
Android \u6784\u5efa\u53d8\u4f53\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u98ce\u5473\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7248\u672c\u7684\u516c\u5171\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8bf7\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u540d\u79f0\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u98ce\u5473\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u540d\u79f0\u7684Java\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u4e3b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e3b\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684res\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u98ce\u5473\u5171\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u514d\u8d39\u548c\u4ed8\u8d39\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u521b\u5efa\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
    \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u514d\u8d39\u548c\u4ed8\u8d39\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86res\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dapp\u56fe\u6807\u548cstrings.xml\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u98ce\u5473\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6700\u7ec8build.gradle\u6587\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1acontent_main.xml\u7c7b\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n
    <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android=\"https:\/\/schemas.android.com\/apk\/res\/android\"\r\n    xmlns:app=\"https:\/\/schemas.android.com\/apk\/res-auto\"\r\n    xmlns:tools=\"https:\/\/schemas.android.com\/tools\"\r\n    android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"\r\n    android:layout_height=\"match_parent\"\r\n    app:layout_behavior=\"@string\/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior\"\r\n    tools:context=\".MainActivity\"\r\n    tools:showIn=\"@layout\/activity_main\">\r\n\r\n    <TextView\r\n        android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"\r\n        android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"\r\n        android:text=\"@string\/textViewLabel\"\r\n        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf=\"parent\"\r\n        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf=\"parent\"\r\n        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf=\"parent\"\r\n        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf=\"parent\" \/>\r\n\r\n<\/android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728textView\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4ecestrings.xml\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u98ce\u5473\u7684strings.xml\u8d44\u6e90\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n
    <string name=\"textViewLabel\">Hello free<\/string> - \u514d\u8d39\u7248\r\n<string name=\"textViewLabel\">Hello Paid<\/string> - \u4ed8\u8d39\u7248\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    MainActivity.java:<\/p>\n
    package com.Olivia.androidproductflavors;\r\n\r\nimport android.os.Bundle;\r\nimport android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton;\r\nimport android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;\r\nimport android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;\r\nimport android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;\r\nimport android.view.View;\r\nimport android.view.Menu;\r\nimport android.view.MenuItem;\r\n\r\npublic class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {\r\n        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);\r\n        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);\r\n        Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);\r\n        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);\r\n\r\n        FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);\r\n        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {\r\n            @Override\r\n            public void onClick(View view) {\r\n                Snackbar.make(view, \"\u98ce\u5473: \"+BuildConfig.FLAVOR + \" \u6211\u7684\u7c7b\u578b: \"+BuildConfig.TYPE , Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)\r\n                        .setAction(\"Action\", null).show();\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {\r\n        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);\r\n        return true;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {\r\n        int id = item.getItemId();\r\n        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {\r\n            return true;\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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    \u663e\u793a\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26<\/h3>\n
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