{"id":37026,"date":"2023-10-12T13:07:54","date_gmt":"2023-01-02T18:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%b0%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95apache-airflow%e7%9a%84%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T03:52:30","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T19:52:30","slug":"%e5%9c%a8%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%b0%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95apache-airflow%e7%9a%84%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%b0%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%9d%e8%af%95apache-airflow%e7%9a%84%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728\u672c\u5730\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c1d\u8bd5Apache Airflow\u7684\u6559\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Apache Airflow 2.2.3 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/h1>\n
\"undefined\"<\/div>\n

Airflow\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n

Apache Airflow\u662f\u7531Airbnb\u7684Maxime Beauchemin\u5f00\u59cb\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u57fa\u4e8ePython\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\/\u8c03\u5ea6\/\u76d1\u89c6\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u3002
\n\u5728Airflow\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u6709\u5411\u65e0\u73af\u56fe\uff08DAG\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u7b51\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h2>\n
\"undefined\"<\/div>\n

\u7a7a\u6c14\u6d41\u52a8\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n
      \u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u306e\u30c8\u30ea\u30ac\u30fc\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u884c\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092Executer\u306e\u9001\u4fe1\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306eScheduler\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n
          \u5b9f\u884c\u4e2d\u306e\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308bExecuter\u3002\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u5185\u3067\u3059\u3079\u3066\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u672c\u756a\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u9069\u3057\u305fExecuter\u306f\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u3092Workers\u306b\u30d7\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           <\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n
              DAG\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u3092\u691c\u67fb\u3001\u30c8\u30ea\u30ac\u30fc\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308bWeb\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

               <\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n
                  Scheduler\/ Executor\u306b\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u3089\u308c\u308bDAG\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c0\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                   <\/p>\n

                    \u72b6\u614b\u4fdd\u6301\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3000Scheduler\/ Executor\/ Web\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3000\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308bMeta DB\u3002<\/ul>\n

                    \u51c6\u5907\u6267\u884c<\/h2>\n

                    \u8bbe\u7f6eAirflow\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

                    $<\/span> export <\/span>AIRFLOW_HOME<\/span>=<\/span>~\/airflow\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    Airflow\u5b89\u88c5\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
                    $ pip install \"apache-airflow[celery]==2.2.3\" --constraint \"https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/apache\/airflow\/constraints-2.2.3\/constraints-3.6.txt\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 PostgreSQL \u6765\u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
                    CREATE<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> airflow_db<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nCREATE<\/span> USER<\/span> airflow_user<\/span> WITH<\/span> PASSWORD<\/span> 'airflow_pass'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nGRANT<\/span> ALL<\/span> PRIVILEGES<\/span> ON<\/span> DATABASE<\/span> airflow_db<\/span> TO<\/span> airflow_user<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u636e\u8bf4\u5728Airflow\u4e2d\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aSQLite\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u8f91airflow\/airflow.cfg\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u5c06sql_alchemy_conn\u7684\u503c\u66f4\u6539\u4e3asqlite:\/\/\/\/home\/user\/airflow\/airflow.db\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u4e3apostgresql:\/\/airflow_user:airflow_pass@localhost\/airflow_db\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
                    $<\/span> airflow standalone\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u51c6\u5907\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
                    \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aairflow\/dags\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efatest-tutorial.py\uff0c\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u6559\u7a0b\u9875\u9762\u7684tutorial.py\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u521b\u5efaDAG\u3002<\/p>\n
                    from<\/span> datetime<\/span> import<\/span> datetime<\/span>,<\/span> timedelta<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> textwrap<\/span> import<\/span> dedent<\/span>\r\n\r\n# The DAG object; we'll need this to instantiate a DAG\r\n<\/span>from<\/span> airflow<\/span> import<\/span> DAG<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Operators; we need this to operate!\r\n<\/span>from<\/span> airflow.operators.bash<\/span> import<\/span> BashOperator<\/span>\r\n# These args will get passed on to each operator\r\n# You can override them on a per-task basis during operator initialization\r\n<\/span>default_args<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>owner<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>airflow<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>depends_on_past<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>email<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>'<\/span>airflow@example.com<\/span>'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>email_on_failure<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>email_on_retry<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>retries<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>retry_delay<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>minutes<\/span>=<\/span>5<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    # 'queue': 'bash_queue',\r\n<\/span>    # 'pool': 'backfill',\r\n<\/span>    # 'priority_weight': 10,\r\n<\/span>    # 'end_date': datetime(2016, 1, 1),\r\n<\/span>    # 'wait_for_downstream': False,\r\n<\/span>    # 'dag': dag,\r\n<\/span>    # 'sla': timedelta(hours=2),\r\n<\/span>    # 'execution_timeout': timedelta(seconds=300),\r\n<\/span>    # 'on_failure_callback': some_function,\r\n<\/span>    # 'on_success_callback': some_other_function,\r\n<\/span>    # 'on_retry_callback': another_function,\r\n<\/span>    # 'sla_miss_callback': yet_another_function,\r\n<\/span>    # 'trigger_rule': 'all_success'\r\n<\/span>}<\/span>\r\nwith<\/span> DAG<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>test-tutorial<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    default_args<\/span>=<\/span>default_args<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    description<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>A simple test-tutorial DAG<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    schedule_interval<\/span>=<\/span>timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>days<\/span>=<\/span>1<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    start_date<\/span>=<\/span>datetime<\/span>(<\/span>2021<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> 1<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n    catchup<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    tags<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>example<\/span>'<\/span>],<\/span>\r\n)<\/span> as<\/span> dag<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # t1, t2 and t3 are examples of tasks created by instantiating operators\r\n<\/span>    t1<\/span> =<\/span> BashOperator<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        task_id<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>print_date<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        bash_command<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>date<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    t2<\/span> =<\/span> BashOperator<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        task_id<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>sleep<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        depends_on_past<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        bash_command<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>sleep 5<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        retries<\/span>=<\/span>3<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n    t1<\/span>.<\/span>doc_md<\/span> =<\/span> dedent<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        \"\"\"<\/span>\\\r\n<\/span>    #### Task Documentation\r\n    You can document your task using the attributes `doc_md` (markdown),\r\n    `doc` (plain text), `doc_rst`, `doc_json`, `doc_yaml` which gets\r\n    rendered in the UI<\/span>'<\/span>s Task Instance Details page.\r\n    ![img](http:\/\/montcs.bloomu.edu\/~bobmon\/Semesters\/2012-01\/491\/import%20soul.png)\r\n\r\n    <\/span>\"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    dag<\/span>.<\/span>doc_md<\/span> =<\/span> __doc__<\/span>  # providing that you have a docstring at the beginning of the DAG\r\n<\/span>    dag<\/span>.<\/span>doc_md<\/span> =<\/span> \"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    This is a documentation placed anywhere\r\n    <\/span>\"\"\"<\/span>  # otherwise, type it like this\r\n<\/span>    templated_command<\/span> =<\/span> dedent<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        \"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    {% for i in range(5) %}\r\n        echo <\/span>\"<\/span>{{ ds }}<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n        echo <\/span>\"<\/span>{{ macros.ds_add(ds, 7)}}<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n        echo <\/span>\"<\/span>{{ params.my_param }}<\/span>\"<\/span>\r\n    {% endfor %}\r\n    <\/span>\"\"\"<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    t3<\/span> =<\/span> BashOperator<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        task_id<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>templated<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        depends_on_past<\/span>=<\/span>False<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        bash_command<\/span>=<\/span>templated_command<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        params<\/span>=<\/span>{<\/span>'<\/span>my_param<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>Parameter I passed in<\/span>'<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n    )<\/span>\r\n\r\n    t1<\/span> >><\/span> [<\/span>t2<\/span>,<\/span> t3<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u89e3\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n
                    \n
                    \u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u8aac\u660edag_idstrDAG\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u4e00\u610f\u306a\u8b58\u5225\u5b50\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f’test-tutorial’\u304c\u8a72\u5f53\u3002default_argsdict\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u6e21\u3059\u5f15\u6570\u3002\u5f15\u6570\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u512a\u5148\u9806\u4f4d\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u512a\u5148\u9806\u304b\u3089
                    \n1. \u660e\u793a\u3057\u305f\u5f15\u6570
                    \n2. default_args
                    \n3. \u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u5024\uff08\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408)
                    \n\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    \u5173\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u8005<\/h3>\n
                    \u4fee\u6539DAG\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u73b0\u65e0\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06airflow\/airflow.cfg\u5185\u7684executor\u4eceSequentialExecutor\u66f4\u6539\u4e3aCeleryExecutor\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aSequentialExecutor\u53ea\u80fd\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff1f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u5173\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u8005(executer)\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \n
                    SequentialExecuterCeleryExecutorLocalExecutor\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306eExecutor\u3067\u3001\u76f4\u5217\u306b\u3057\u304b\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002\u304a\u8a66\u3057\u7248\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u30ad\u30e5\u30fc\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u305fExecutor\u3067\u30b9\u30b1\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30e9\u3068worker\u304c\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002scheduler\u3068worker\u3092\u540c\u3058\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308bExecutor\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u4e00\u5207\u3057\u306a\u3044worker\u3092\u4e26\u5217\u5b9f\u884c\u3067\u304d\u3001\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8 \u3067\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u672c\u756a\u74b0\u5883\u5411\u304d\u3002\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u3001\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7 \u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u53ef\u80fd<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
                    \u6267\u884c<\/h2>\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n
                    $<\/span> airflow webserver\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u5f53\u4f60\u6267\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728localhost:8080\u4e0a\u6253\u5f00\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u9875\u9762<\/p>\n
                    \"image.png\"<\/div>\n
                    \u5982\u679c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528admin\/admin\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5e76\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
                    $ airflow users  create --role Admin --username admin --email admin --firstname admin --lastname admin --password admin\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \"image.png\"<\/div>\n
                    \"image.png\"<\/div>\n
                    \"image.png\"<\/div>\n
                    \"image.png\"<\/div>\n
                    \u6587\u5316\u8bed\u8a00<\/h2>\n
                    \u4efb\u52a1 w\u00f9)<\/h3>\n
                    \u5728\u751f\u6210\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u4f1a\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                    t1<\/span> =<\/span> BashOperator<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    task_id<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>print_date<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    bash_command<\/span>=<\/span>'<\/span>date<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570task_id\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n
                      \n
                    • \n
                        2018 builderscon airflow\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001 \u8907\u96d1\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u30b7\u3099\u30e7\u30d5\u3099\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u7ba1\u7406 \u306b\u7acb\u3061\u5411\u304b\u3046<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                         <\/p>\n
                          \n
                        • \n
                            Apache Airflow\u306e\u4e26\u5217\u6027\u3068\u4e26\u884c\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                             <\/p>\n
                              Airflow \u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u5206\u6563\u51e6\u7406<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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