{"id":33785,"date":"2023-01-24T03:30:02","date_gmt":"2023-09-16T14:35:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%af%b9redis%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e4%b9%85%e6%80%a7%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-04-29T11:12:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T03:12:44","slug":"%e5%af%b9redis%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e4%b9%85%e6%80%a7%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%af%b9redis%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%81%e4%b9%85%e6%80%a7%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5bf9Redis\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5173\u4e8eRedis<\/h1>\n

Redis\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u952e\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\uff08In-Memory Key-Value Store\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u5b58\u50a8\uff1f\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ea\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u600e\u6837\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6211\u5927\u81f4\u660e\u767d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u786e\u5207\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u6253\u7b97\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

Redis\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h2>\n

\u4f7f\u7528itamae\u7684\u914d\u65b9\u5728CentOS7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n

cd ~\/itamae_cookbooks\r\nmkdir redis\r\ncd redis\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
package<\/span> \"redis\"<\/span> do<\/span>\r\n    action<\/span> :install<\/span>\r\nend<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
#<\/span> \u4e8b\u524d\u78ba\u8a8d\r\nitamae local redis.rb --dry-run\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> itamae\u5b9f\u884c\r\nitamae local redis.rb\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u8d77\u52d5\r\nsystemctl start redis.service\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6838\u5b9e<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528redis-cli\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u542f\u52a8redis\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli \r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u8ffd\u52a0\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> SET key1 val1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> OK\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Redis\u987a\u5229\u505c\u6b62->\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
#<\/span> \u505c\u6b62\r\nsystemctl stop redis.service\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14223 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u518d\u3073redis\u8d77\u52d5\r\nsystemctl start redis.service\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14232 ?        Ssl    0:00 \/usr\/bin\/redis-server *<\/span>:6379\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> 14236 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Redis\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6c38\u4e45\u5316<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528redis-cli\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7kill\u547d\u4ee4\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62redis\u8fdb\u7a0b->\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u786e\u8ba4\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli \r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u8ffd\u52a02\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> SET key2 val2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> OK\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val2\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f3a\u5236\u5173\u95edredis -> \u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
#<\/span> \u5f37\u5236\u7d42\u4e86\r\nps ax|grep redis|grep -v grep|awk '{print $<\/span>1}<\/span>'|xargs kill -9\r\n<\/span>\r\n#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14280 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u518d\u3073redis\u8d77\u52d5\r\nsystemctl start redis.service\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14287 ?        Ssl    0:00 \/usr\/bin\/redis-server *<\/span>:6379\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> 14291 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Redis\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6d88\u5931\u4e86 sh\u012b le)<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528redis-cli\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6267\u884cSAVE\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528kill\u547d\u4ee4\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62redis\u8fdb\u7a0b->\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli \r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u8ffd\u52a03\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> SET key3 val3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> OK\r\n\r\n#<\/span> SAVE\u5b9f\u884c\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> SAVE\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> OK\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u8ffd\u52a02\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> SET key2 val2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> OK\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val2\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val3\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f37\u5236\u7d42\u6b62Redis -> \u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
#<\/span> \u5f37\u5236\u7d42\u4e86\r\nps ax|grep redis|grep -v grep|awk '{print $<\/span>1}<\/span>'|xargs kill -9\r\n<\/span>\r\n#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14309 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u518d\u3073redis\u8d77\u52d5\r\nsystemctl start redis.service\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u78ba\u8a8d\r\nps ax|grep redis\r\n<\/span>#<\/span>=><\/span> 14316 ?        Ssl    0:00 \/usr\/bin\/redis-server *<\/span>:6379\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> 14320 pts\/0    S+     0:00 grep<\/span> --color<\/span>=<\/span>auto redis\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728 Redis \u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
#<\/span> cli\u8d77\u52d5\r\nredis-cli\r\n\r\n<\/span>#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key1\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d2\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key2\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> (<\/span>nil)<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u78ba\u8a8d3\r\n127.0.0.1:6379><\/span> GET key3\r\n#<\/span>=><\/span> \"val3\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6c38\u6052\u5316\u548c\u6d88\u5931\u53d1\u751f\u4e86<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4ee5RDS\u7684Oracle\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5199\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7REDO\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001UNDO\u7f13\u51b2\u7b49\u6765\u96c6\u4e2d\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u505c\u6b62\u7b49\u6062\u590d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u524d\u6eda\uff08\u5c06\u672a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u6570\u636e\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4eceREDO\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6765\uff09\u548c\u56de\u6eda\uff08\u5c06\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff09\u6765\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cRedis\u5177\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f\u3001\u6267\u884cSAVE\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u65f6\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eRDS\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5199\u5165\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u5feb\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5199\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4ece\u5feb\u7167\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u589e\u52a0<\/h4>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7redis.conf\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u6539\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728save\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u81ea\u52a8\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u5165\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
# Save the DB on disk:\r\n#\r\n#   save <seconds> <changes>\r\n#\r\n#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given\r\n#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.\r\n#\r\n#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:\r\n#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed\r\n#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed\r\n#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed\r\n#\r\n#   Note: you can disable saving completely by commenting out all \"save\" lines.\r\n#\r\n#   It is also possible to remove all the previously configured save\r\n#   points by adding a save directive with a single empty string argument\r\n#   like in the following example:\r\n#\r\n#   save \"\"\r\n\r\nsave 900 1\r\nsave 300 10\r\nsave 60 10000\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aappendonly\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aappendonly.aof\u7684\u53ea\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eREDO\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5feb\u7167\u4e2d\u672a\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5efa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u3002\uff08\u867d\u7136\u662f\u8bf4appendonly\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff09<\/p>\n
\r\n############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################\r\n\r\n# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. This mode is\r\n# good enough in many applications, but an issue with the Redis process or\r\n# a power outage may result into a few minutes of writes lost (depending on\r\n# the configured save points).\r\n#\r\n# The Append Only File is an alternative persistence mode that provides\r\n# much better durability. For instance using the default data fsync policy\r\n# (see later in the config file) Redis can lose just one second of writes in a\r\n# dramatic event like a server power outage, or a single write if something\r\n# wrong with the Redis process itself happens, but the operating system is\r\n# still running correctly.\r\n#\r\n# AOF and RDB persistence can be enabled at the same time without problems.\r\n# If the AOF is enabled on startup Redis will load the AOF, that is the file\r\n# with the better durability guarantees.\r\n#\r\n# Please check http:\/\/redis.io\/topics\/persistence for more information.\r\n\r\nappendonly no\r\n\r\n# The name of the append only file (default: \"appendonly.aof\")\r\n\r\nappendfilename \"appendonly.aof\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7appendfsync\u9009\u9879\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165appendonly.aof\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n
\r\n# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk\r\n# instead of waiting for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush\r\n# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.\r\n#\r\n# Redis supports three different modes:\r\n#\r\n# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.\r\n# always: fsync after every write to the append only log. Slow, Safest.\r\n# everysec: fsync only one time every second. Compromise.\r\n#\r\n# The default is \"everysec\", as that's usually the right compromise between\r\n# speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to\r\n# \"no\" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when\r\n# it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of\r\n# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),\r\n# or on the contrary, use \"always\" that's very slow but a bit safer than\r\n# everysec.\r\n#\r\n# More details please check the following article:\r\n# http:\/\/antirez.com\/post\/redis-persistence-demystified.html\r\n#\r\n# If unsure, use \"everysec\".\r\n\r\n# appendfsync always\r\nappendfsync everysec\r\n# appendfsync no\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u5199\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62aof\u6587\u4ef6\u65e0\u9650\u81a8\u80c0\u3002<\/p>\n
\r\n# Automatic rewrite of the append only file.\r\n# Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling\r\n# BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size grows by the specified percentage.\r\n#\r\n# This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the\r\n# latest rewrite (if no rewrite has happened since the restart, the size of\r\n# the AOF at startup is used).\r\n#\r\n# This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is\r\n# bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also\r\n# you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this\r\n# is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase\r\n# is reached but it is still pretty small.\r\n#\r\n# Specify a percentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF\r\n# rewrite feature.\r\n\r\nauto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100\r\nauto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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