{"id":32769,"date":"2023-08-18T19:13:54","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T21:23:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e9%98%85%e8%af%bbnginx%e7%9a%84%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-2\/"},"modified":"2024-04-30T19:06:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T11:06:33","slug":"%e9%98%85%e8%af%bbnginx%e7%9a%84%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e9%98%85%e8%af%bbnginx%e7%9a%84%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9605\u8bfbnginx\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728CentOS 8\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528nginx\u3002<\/p>\n

$<\/span> cat<\/span> \/<\/span>etc<\/span>\/<\/span>redhat<\/span>-<\/span>release<\/span> \r\nCentOS<\/span> Linux<\/span> release<\/span> 8.2.2004<\/span> (<\/span>Core<\/span>)<\/span> \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5<\/h2>\n
\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u4e861.14.1\u7248\u672c\u3002
\n\u636e\u8bf4\u5f53nginx\u7684\u6b21\u8981\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u5076\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5947\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ dnf install nginx -y \r\n...\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\r\n\r\n$ nginx -v\r\nnginx version: nginx\/1.14.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
\u5728\/etc\/nginx\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nnginx.conf\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u516c\u5f0f
\nNginx\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6709\u5173nginx\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n
[<\/span>root<\/span>@<\/span>f82608275426<\/span> nginx<\/span>]<\/span># tree<\/span>\r\n.<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> conf.d<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> default.d<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> fastcgi.conf<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> fastcgi.conf.default<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> fastcgi_params<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> fastcgi_params.default<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> koi<\/span>-<\/span>utf<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> koi<\/span>-<\/span>win<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> mime.types<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> mime.types.default<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> nginx.conf<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> nginx.conf.default<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> scgi_params<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> scgi_params.default<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> uwsgi_params<\/span>\r\n|--<\/span> uwsgi_params.default<\/span>\r\n`<\/span>--<\/span> win<\/span>-<\/span>utf<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
nginx.conf \u7684\u91ca\u4e49\u662f Nginx \u7684\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/h2>\n
\r\nuser<\/span> nginx<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nworker_processes<\/span> auto<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nerror_log<\/span> \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/span>;<\/span>\r\npid<\/span> \/run\/nginx.pid<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Load dynamic modules. See \/usr\/share\/doc\/nginx\/README.dynamic.<\/span>\r\ninclude<\/span> \/usr\/share\/nginx\/modules\/*.conf<\/span>;\r\n\r\nevents<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    worker_connections<\/span> 1024<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nhttp<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    log_format<\/span>  main<\/span>  '<\/span>$remote_addr<\/span> -<\/span> $remote_user<\/span> [<\/span>$time_local<\/span>]<\/span> \"<\/span>$request<\/span>\"<\/span> '<\/span>\r\n                      '<\/span>$status<\/span> $body_bytes_sent<\/span> \"<\/span>$http_referer<\/span>\"<\/span> '<\/span>\r\n                      '\"<\/span>$http_user_agent<\/span>\"<\/span> \"<\/span>$http_x_forwarded_for<\/span>\"'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    access_log<\/span>  \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log<\/span>  main<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    sendfile<\/span>            on<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    tcp_nopush<\/span>          on<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    tcp_nodelay<\/span>         on<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    keepalive_timeout<\/span>   65<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    types_hash_max_size<\/span> 2048<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    include<\/span>             \/etc\/nginx\/mime.types<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    default_type<\/span>        application\/octet-stream<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # Load modular configuration files from the \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d directory.<\/span>\r\n    # See http:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/ngx_core_module.html#include<\/span>\r\n    # for more information.<\/span>\r\n    include<\/span> \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/*.conf<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    server<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        listen<\/span>       80<\/span> default_server<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        listen<\/span>       [::]:80<\/span> default_server<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        server_name<\/span>  _<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        root<\/span>         \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n        # Load configuration files for the default server block.<\/span>\r\n        include<\/span> \/etc\/nginx\/default.d\/*.conf<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n        location<\/span> \/<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n\r\n        error_page<\/span> 404<\/span> \/404.html<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n            location<\/span> =<\/span> \/40x.html<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n\r\n        error_page<\/span> 500<\/span> 502<\/span> 503<\/span> 504<\/span> \/50x.html<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n            location<\/span> =<\/span> \/50x.html<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u540d\u79f0\u4e3anginx\uff1b<\/h2>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884cnginx\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002
\nnginx\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u5728\u5b89\u88c5nginx\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5417\uff1f
\n\uff08\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u662froot\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5417\uff1f\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5c06Worker\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e0eCPU\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u662f\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0cauto\u9009\u9879\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0eCPU\u6570\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884cnginx\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\/run\/nginx.pid\u4e2d\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u7684\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2192 \u521a\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\/run\/nginx.pid\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
$ cat \/run\/nginx.pid
\ncat: \/run\/nginx.pid: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
\u5305\u62ec \/usr\/share\/nginx\/modules\/*.conf;<\/h2>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2aconf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
ll<\/span> \/<\/span>usr<\/span>\/<\/span>share<\/span>\/<\/span>nginx<\/span>\/<\/span>modules<\/span>\/<\/span>    \r\ntotal<\/span> 28<\/span>\r\ndrwxr<\/span>-<\/span>xr<\/span>-<\/span>x<\/span> 2<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span> 4096<\/span> Dec<\/span>  9<\/span> 14<\/span>:<\/span>39<\/span> .<\/span>\r\ndrwxr<\/span>-<\/span>xr<\/span>-<\/span>x<\/span> 4<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span> 4096<\/span> Dec<\/span>  9<\/span> 14<\/span>:<\/span>39<\/span> ..<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>rw<\/span>-<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span> 1<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span>   72<\/span> Oct<\/span>  7<\/span>  2019<\/span> mod<\/span>-<\/span>http<\/span>-<\/span>image<\/span>-<\/span>filter.conf<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>rw<\/span>-<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span> 1<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span>   64<\/span> Oct<\/span>  7<\/span>  2019<\/span> mod<\/span>-<\/span>http<\/span>-<\/span>perl.conf<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>rw<\/span>-<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span> 1<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span>   71<\/span> Oct<\/span>  7<\/span>  2019<\/span> mod<\/span>-<\/span>http<\/span>-<\/span>xslt<\/span>-<\/span>filter.conf<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>rw<\/span>-<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span> 1<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span>   59<\/span> Oct<\/span>  7<\/span>  2019<\/span> mod<\/span>-<\/span>mail.conf<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>rw<\/span>-<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span>r<\/span>--<\/span> 1<\/span> root<\/span> root<\/span>   61<\/span> Oct<\/span>  7<\/span>  2019<\/span> mod<\/span>-<\/span>stream.conf<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e8b\u4ef6{…}<\/h2>\n
\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u6307\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u8fde\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
worker_connections\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a1024\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u591f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u3002
\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8be5\u6570\u91cf\u5305\u62ec\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u5728\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n
HTTP { … }<\/h2>\n
\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5e94\u8be5\u7f16\u5199\u6709\u5173HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f main …<\/h2>\n
    log_format<\/span>  main<\/span>  '<\/span>$remote_addr<\/span> -<\/span> $remote_user<\/span> [<\/span>$time_local<\/span>]<\/span> \"<\/span>$request<\/span>\"<\/span> '<\/span>\r\n                      '<\/span>$status<\/span> $body_bytes_sent<\/span> \"<\/span>$http_referer<\/span>\"<\/span> '<\/span>\r\n                      '\"<\/span>$http_user_agent<\/span>\"<\/span> \"<\/span>$http_x_forwarded_for<\/span>\"'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”main”\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
remote_addr: \u8fdc\u7a0b\u6765\u6e90\u7684IP\u5730\u5740
\nremote_user: \u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d
\ntime_local: \u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u95f4
\nrequest: \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u8bf7\u6c42\u884c???
\nstatus: \u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001
\nbody_bytes_sent: \u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff09\u3002
\nhttp_referer: \u5f15\u8350\u7f51\u5740
\nhttp_user_agent: \u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7406
\nhttp_x_forwarded_for: XFF\uff08\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7 \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log main;<\/h2>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u9001\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u542f\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u55ef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5462\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5462…\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e0bsendfile\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5f00\u542ftcp_nopush\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u542c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u5c06sendfile\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aon\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728FreeBSD\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528TCP_NOPUSH\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528TCP_CORK\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4f7f\u7528sendfile\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9009\u9879\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002\u542f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u542f\u7528tcp_nodelay\uff1b<\/h2>\n
\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528TCP_NODELAY\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u5728\u8fde\u63a5\u8f6c\u5165\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u52a8\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\u542f\u7528\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u9002\u7528\u4e8eSSL\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u65e0\u7f13\u51b2\u4ee3\u7406\u548cWebSocket\u4ee3\u7406\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a65\u79d2\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u7b49\u5f85\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n
types_hash_max_size 2048;
\n\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6700\u5927\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e3a2048\uff1b<\/h2>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5305\u62ec\/etc\/nginx\/mime.types;<\/h2>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u7531nginx\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u548cMIME\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a application\/octet-stream;<\/h2>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 MIME \u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u3002
\napplication\/octet-stream \u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6216\u771f\u5b9e\u7c7b\u578b\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\uff09\u7684 MIME \u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668 { … }<\/h2>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u4e8eNginx\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. CentOS\u4e0bNginx\u914d\u7f6e\u8be6\u89e3\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.bnote.net\/centos\/nginx_conf01.html
\n2. Nginx\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttp:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/ngx_core_module.html
\n3. \u7406\u89e3Nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.codeflow.site\/ja\/article\/understanding-the-nginx-configuration-file-structure-and-configuration-contexts
\n4. Nginx\u65e5\u5fd7\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u6863\uff1ahttp:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/http\/ngx_http_log_module.html#log_format
\n5. Nginx\u53d8\u91cf\u8be6\u89e3\uff1ahttp:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/http\/ngx_http_core_module.html#variables
\n6. Nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\uff1ahttps:\/\/qiita.com\/teco_naka\/items\/f42671850122ed69d0c5
\n7. \u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\uff1ahttps:\/\/qiita.com\/yuse\/items\/fe05cec1a331306eac19<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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