{"id":31935,"date":"2023-11-04T23:47:09","date_gmt":"2023-09-09T08:31:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js%e6%9d%a5%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8cselenium%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8chrome%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T07:34:19","modified_gmt":"2024-05-03T23:34:19","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js%e6%9d%a5%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8cselenium%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8chrome%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js%e6%9d%a5%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8cselenium%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8chrome%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Node.js\u6765\u8fd0\u884cSelenium\u9a71\u52a8Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148<\/h1>\n

Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684UI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4f5c\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u722c\u866b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884cSelenium\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u82f1\u6587\u7248\uff09<\/h1>\n

\u8fd0\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h1>\n

Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9884\u5148\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h2>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n
npm i selenium-webdriver\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8c37\u6b4c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/h3>\n
ChromeDriver\u662fChrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684WebDriver\u3002
\nhttps:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/chromium.org\/chromedriver\/downloads
\n\u5c06ChromeDriver\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c – Basic operations
\n\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c – Fundamental operations
\n\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u63a7 – Basic manipulation
\n\u57fa\u7840\u624b\u6cd5 – Fundamental techniques
\n\u57fa\u672c\u8fd0\u4f5c – Basic functioning<\/h2>\n
\u5bfc\u5165\u5e93<\/h3>\n
const<\/span> webdriver<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>selenium-webdriver<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> {<\/span> Builder<\/span>,<\/span> By<\/span>,<\/span> until<\/span> }<\/span> =<\/span> webdriver<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Builder\u3001By\u548cuntil\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8eChrome\uff09<\/h3>\n
const<\/span> capabilities<\/span> =<\/span> webdriver<\/span>.<\/span>Capabilities<\/span>.<\/span>chrome<\/span>();<\/span>\r\ncapabilities<\/span>.<\/span>set<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>chromeOptions<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    args<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--headless<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--no-sandbox<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--disable-gpu<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        `--window-size=1980,1200`<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ other chrome options<\/span>\r\n    ]<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8c37\u6b4c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9009\u9879<\/h4>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/h3>\n
const<\/span> driver<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> new<\/span> Builder<\/span>().<\/span>withCapabilities<\/span>(<\/span>capabilities<\/span>).<\/span>build<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/\/ \u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6\u3092\u7d42\u4e86\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndriver<\/span>.<\/span>quit<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662fPromise\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528async\/await\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9875\u9762\u8f6c\u79fb<\/h3>\n
await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7279\u5b9a\u8981\u7d20<\/h3>\n
\r\n\/\/ \u30bf\u30b0\u540d\u3067\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el1<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>tagName<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>hoge<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el2<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>({<\/span> tagName<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>hoge<\/span>'<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ id\u3067\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el1<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>foo<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el2<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>({<\/span> id<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>foo<\/span>'<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ class\u3067\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el1<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>className<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>bar<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el2<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>({<\/span> className<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>bar<\/span>'<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ css\u30bb\u30ec\u30af\u30bf\u3067\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el1<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>css<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>#foo<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> el2<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>({<\/span> css<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>#foo<\/span>'<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u8907\u6570\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> els1<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElements<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>css<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>.bar<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> els2<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElements<\/span>({<\/span> css<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>.bar<\/span>'<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8981\u7d20<\/h3>\n
\r\nlet<\/span> el<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>css<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>#foo<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u53d6\u5f97<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> text<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> el<\/span>.<\/span>getText<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u2191\u3060\u3068\u306a\u305c\u304b\u52d5\u304b\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> innerHTML<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> el<\/span>.<\/span>getAttribute<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>innerHTML<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u5c5e\u6027\u306e\u53d6\u5f97<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> href<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> el<\/span>.<\/span>getAttribute<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>href<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5e94\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h2>\n
\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
\/**\r\n * xxx\uff1a\u95a2\u6570\u540d\r\n * timeout\uff1a\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u6642\u9593\uff08\u30df\u30ea\u79d2\uff09\r\n *\/<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>xxx<\/span>(),<\/span> timeout<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u51fa\u73b0<\/h4>\n
\/\/ \u8981\u7d20\u306e\u51fa\u73fe\u3092\u5f85\u3064<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementLocated<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>foo<\/span>'<\/span>)),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementsLocated<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>className<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>bar<\/span>'<\/span>)),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7f51\u5740\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
\/\/ \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>urlIs<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>urlContains<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6b63\u898f\u8868\u73fe<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>urlMatches<\/span>(<\/span>\/xxx\/<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6807\u9898\u8981\u6c42 (Chinese translation)<\/h4>\n
\/\/ \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>titleIs<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>titleContains<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6b63\u898f\u8868\u73fe<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>titleMatches<\/span>(<\/span>\/xxx\/<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6761\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
let<\/span> el<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>css<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>#foo<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementTextIs<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u90e8\u5206\u4e00\u81f4<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementTextContains<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>xxx<\/span>'<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u6b63\u898f\u8868\u73fe<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementTextMatches<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>,<\/span> \/xxx\/<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u72b6\u6001 de<\/h4>\n
let<\/span> el<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>findElement<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>css<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>#foo<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ enabled<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsEnabled<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ disabled<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsDisabled<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ selected<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsSelected<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ not selected<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsNotSelected<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ visible<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsVisible<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ not visible<\/span>\r\nawait<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementIsNotVisible<\/span>(<\/span>el<\/span>),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u622a\u53d6\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe<\/h3>\n
\/\/ \u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u753b\u50cf\u3092base64\u3067\u30a8\u30f3\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> base64<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>takeScreenshot<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ buffer\u306b\u5909\u63db<\/span>\r\nlet<\/span> buffer<\/span> =<\/span> Buffer<\/span>.<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>base64<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>base64<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6837\u672c<\/h2>\n
\u62cd\u6444Youtube\u622a\u56fe\u7684\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
const<\/span> fs<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>fs<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> {<\/span> promisify<\/span> }<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>util<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> webdriver<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>selenium-webdriver<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> {<\/span> Builder<\/span>,<\/span> By<\/span>,<\/span> until<\/span> }<\/span> =<\/span> webdriver<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> capabilities<\/span> =<\/span> webdriver<\/span>.<\/span>Capabilities<\/span>.<\/span>chrome<\/span>();<\/span>\r\ncapabilities<\/span>.<\/span>set<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>chromeOptions<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    args<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--headless<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--no-sandbox<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>--disable-gpu<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        `--window-size=1980,1200`<\/span>\r\n    ]<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ await\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3001async\u3067\u56f2\u3080<\/span>\r\n(<\/span>async<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> driver<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> new<\/span> Builder<\/span>().<\/span>withCapabilities<\/span>(<\/span>capabilities<\/span>).<\/span>build<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ Youtube\u3078\u79fb\u52d5<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u691c\u7d22\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u304c\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u307e\u3067\u5f85\u3064<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>wait<\/span>(<\/span>until<\/span>.<\/span>elementLocated<\/span>(<\/span>By<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>search<\/span>'<\/span>)),<\/span> 10000<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    let<\/span> base64<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> driver<\/span>.<\/span>takeScreenshot<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    let<\/span> buffer<\/span> =<\/span> Buffer<\/span>.<\/span>from<\/span>(<\/span>base64<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>base64<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ buffer\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> promisify<\/span>(<\/span>fs<\/span>.<\/span>writeFile<\/span>)(<\/span>'<\/span>screenshot.jpg<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> buffer<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u30d6\u30e9\u30a6\u30b6\u7d42\u4e86<\/span>\r\n    driver<\/span>.<\/span>quit<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n})();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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