{"id":31527,"date":"2023-01-14T03:41:13","date_gmt":"2022-08-10T08:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%98%af%e6%8c%87%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%88%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%82%a2%e3%83%a9%e3%82%a4%e3%82%ba%ef%bc%89%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f\/"},"modified":"2024-01-15T06:47:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-14T22:47:00","slug":"java%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%98%af%e6%8c%87%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%88%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%82%a2%e3%83%a9%e3%82%a4%e3%82%ba%ef%bc%89%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%98%af%e6%8c%87%e5%ba%8f%e5%88%97%e5%8c%96%ef%bc%88%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%82%a2%e3%83%a9%e3%82%a4%e3%82%ba%ef%bc%89%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u6307\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff08\u30b7\u30ea\u30a2\u30e9\u30a4\u30ba\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5199\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff09\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff08\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff09\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u3002
\n\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e32\u884c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e8f\u5217\u5316<\/h2>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u666e\u901a\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u5b9e\u73b0java.io.Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u8be5\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0cPerson\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

import<\/span> java.io.*<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nclass<\/span> Person<\/span> implements<\/span> Serializable<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> static<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> serialVersionUID<\/span> =<\/span> 1L<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> String<\/span> name<\/span> =<\/span> \"\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> int<\/span> age<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> transient<\/span> String<\/span> language<\/span> =<\/span> \"Japanese\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> Person<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> name<\/span>,<\/span> int<\/span> age<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> =<\/span> name<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>age<\/span> =<\/span> age<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> String<\/span> getInfo<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> name<\/span> +<\/span> \":\"<\/span> +<\/span> age<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> String<\/span> getLang<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> language<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6d41\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ObjectOutputStream\u7c7b\u548cObjectOutputStream\u7c7b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u6216\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c06\u5728\u524d\u9762\u7684Person\u7c7b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n
public<\/span> class<\/span> Main<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> args<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        try<\/span> (<\/span>ObjectOutputStream<\/span> outObject<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> FileOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>\"object.txt\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n            ObjectInputStream<\/span> inObject<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectInputStream<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> FileInputStream<\/span>(<\/span>\"object.txt\"<\/span>));)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n            outObject<\/span>.<\/span>writeObject<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> Person<\/span>(<\/span>\"Taro\"<\/span>,<\/span>22<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n            Person<\/span> exP<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>Person<\/span>)<\/span>inObject<\/span>.<\/span>readObject<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n            System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>exP<\/span>.<\/span>getInfo<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n            System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>exP<\/span>.<\/span>getLang<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\r\n        }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> |<\/span> ClassNotFoundException<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u751f\u6210\u5177\u6709\u540d\u4e3a\u300cobject.txt\u300d\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7684FileOutputStream\u548cFileInputStream\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u751f\u6210ObjectOutputStream\u548cObjectInputStream\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7writeObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61(\u76f4\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u540d\u4e3a”\u592a\u90ce\uff0c22\u5c81”\u7684Person\u5bf9\u8c61)\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7ObjectOutputStream\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u5230”object.txt”\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528readObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728”object.txt”\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6062\u590d\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Person\u7c7b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8ereadObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662fObject\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9exP\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aPerson\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8ereadObject()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u629b\u51faClassNotFindException\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
Taro:22\r\nnull\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u9762\u5173\u4e8e\u201ctransient\u201d\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86null\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u5373\u4f7f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff1a
\n– \u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3atransient\u7684\u53d8\u91cf
\n– \u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf
\n– \u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
transient \u5728\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\u4f1a\u4ee5null\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6062\u590d\u3002\u521a\u624d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd4\u56denull\u4e5f\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u9759\u6001\u533a\u57df\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7ee7\u627f<\/h2>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u663e\u5f0f\u5199\u51fa”implements Serializable”\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u7c7b\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86Serializable\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u4ee5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7<\/h2>\n
\u5728Person\u7c7b\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”serialVersionUID”\u7684\u5e38\u91cf\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u5728\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u4e4b\u540e\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7248\u672cID\u3002(\u5728eclipse\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u8b66\u544a\u3002)<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u7c7b\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5e8f\u5217\u7248\u672cID\uff0c\u5f53\u60a8\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u7c7b\u6765\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\uff08InvalidClassException\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u77e5\u5728\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
<\u53c2\u8003\u6765\u6e90>
\n\u4e66\u7c4d:
\n– \u300a\u8f7b\u677e\u5b66\u4e60Java\u5165\u95e8 \u5b9e\u8df5\u7bc7 \u7b2c2\u7248\u300b
\n– \u300aOracle\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6559\u6750 Java\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458 Gold SE 8\u300b
\n\u7f51\u9875:
\n– \u300a\u771f\u4eba\u5feb\u6253\u7684\u73a9\u5bb6\u6280\u672f\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u300b
\nhttp:\/\/piyopiyocs.blog115.fc2.com\/blog-entry-205.html<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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