{"id":31428,"date":"2024-01-17T11:23:07","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T23:10:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/"},"modified":"2024-05-04T18:46:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T10:46:36","slug":"java%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java%e7%9a%84%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u4eba\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u968f\u610f\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u88ab\u6401\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

List.of\u6bd4Arrays.asList\u66f4\u597d\u7528\u3002<\/h2>\n

\u5728JDK9\u53ca\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528List.of\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528Arrays.asList\u66f4\u597d\u3002
\nArrays.asList\u8fd4\u56de\u7684List\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5305\u88c5\u5668\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f46\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u3002\u800cList.of\u8fd4\u56de\u7684List\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

n -> int[n]\u4f7f\u7528int[]::new<\/h2>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u70b9\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002
\n\u5c31\u50cf new String(data) \u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 String::new \u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528FunctionalInterface\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/h2>\n
final<\/span> Function<\/span><<\/span>String<\/span>,<\/span> Price<\/span>><\/span> CONVERT_STRING_TO_PRICE<\/span> =<\/span> \r\n  str<\/span> -><\/span> str<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> str<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span>()<\/span> -<\/span> 1<\/span>).<\/span>transfer<\/span>(<\/span>Price:<\/span>:<\/span>of<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9”\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
return<\/span> inputs<\/span>.<\/span>stream<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n  .<\/span>map<\/span>(<\/span>CONVERT_STRING_TO_PRICE<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n  .<\/span>collect<\/span>(<\/span>toList<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5e38\u89c4\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
Price<\/span> stringToPrice<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> str<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  return<\/span> str<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> str<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span>()<\/span> -<\/span> 1<\/span>).<\/span>transfer<\/span>(<\/span>Price:<\/span>:<\/span>of<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
return<\/span> inputs<\/span>.<\/span>stream<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n  .<\/span>map<\/span>(<\/span>Converters:<\/span>:<\/span>stringToPrice<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n  .<\/span>collect<\/span>(<\/span>toList<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u7f16\u5199JavaDoc\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u65b9\u6cd5\u6bd4\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u6613\u8bfb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eLambda\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u70b9\u591a\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528Optional\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7b49\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u5728\u666e\u901a\u503c\u4e0a\u9644\u52a0@Nullable\u7b49\u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06Stream\u7528\u4f5c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u9664\u975e\u662f\u64cd\u4f5cStream\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06Stream\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002
\n\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56deStream\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u5177\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u5982Stream\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u3002
\n\u6216\u8005\u50cfFiles.lines\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884cI\/O\u5e76\u4e14\u60f3\u8981\u8fdb\u884c”\u6d41\u5904\u7406”\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56deStream\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d41\u50be\u5411<\/h2>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5bf9boolean[]\u6216\u8005char[]\u8fdb\u884c\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528IntStream\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u5b57\u7b26chars\u3002<\/p>\n
char<\/span>[]<\/span> chars<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7531\u4e8eArrays.stream\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7char[]\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\n\u4f7f\u7528Stream.of\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5904\u7406char\u6570\u7ec4\u672c\u8eab\u7684Stream\u3002
\n\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528IntStream\u6765\u751f\u6210\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884cmapToObject\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
IntStream<\/span>.<\/span>range<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> chars<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span>)-><\/span>mapToObject<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span> -><\/span> chars<\/span>[<\/span>i<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2aint\u6570\u7ec4\u751f\u6210\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528IntStream.builder()\u3002<\/h3>\n
var<\/span> builder<\/span> =<\/span> IntStream<\/span>.<\/span>builder<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nbuilder<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nbuilder<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nint<\/span>[]<\/span> result<\/span> =<\/span> builder<\/span>.<\/span>build<\/span>().<\/span>toArray<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4efb\u4e00\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n
for<\/span> (<\/span>var<\/span> a<\/span> :<\/span> list<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> (<\/span>condition<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> true<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nreturn<\/span> false<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
return<\/span> list<\/span>.<\/span>stream<\/span>().<\/span>anyMatch<\/span>(<\/span>this<\/span>::<\/span>condition<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5339\u914d\u6240\u6709<\/h3>\n
for<\/span> (<\/span>var<\/span> a<\/span> :<\/span> list<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> (!<\/span>condition<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nreturn<\/span> true<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u786e\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u9879\uff1a
\n\u2193<\/p>\n
return<\/span> list<\/span>.<\/span>stream<\/span>().<\/span>allMatch<\/span>(<\/span>this<\/span>::<\/span>condition<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n
for<\/span> (<\/span>var<\/span> a<\/span> :<\/span> list<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> (<\/span>condition<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> false<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nreturn<\/span> true<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u9879\uff1a
\n\u2193<\/p>\n
return<\/span> list<\/span>.<\/span>stream<\/span>().<\/span>noneMatch<\/span>(<\/span>this<\/span>::<\/span>condition<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06Optional\u653e\u5165Stream\u6216List\u4e2d\u3002<\/h2>\n
\u7531\u4e8eOptional\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ea\u80fd\u5305\u542b0\u4e2a\u62161\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5305\u88c5Stream\u6216List\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Stream.of()\u6216emptyList()\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9,\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53e5\u5b50\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u91ca\u4e49:<\/h2>\n
\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5 h\u00e9<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”then”\uff1b\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528”else”\u3002<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (<\/span>cond<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  proc<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7return\/throw\u8bed\u53e5\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u653e\u5165if\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u63d0\u524d\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (!<\/span>cond<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  throw<\/span> error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\nproc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
!(aa && bb) : \u975e\uff08aa \u4e14 bb\uff09<\/h3>\n
\u907f\u514d\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e!(aa && bb)\u7684\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u53cd\u8f6c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u597d\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (!(<\/span>hasValue<\/span> &&<\/span> isValid<\/span>))<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (!<\/span>hasValue<\/span> ||<\/span> !<\/span>isValid<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u5230\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e26\u6709else\u7684\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (!<\/span>hasValue<\/span> ||<\/span> !<\/span>isValid<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  proc<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6bd4\u8d77\u6765<\/p>\n
if<\/span> (<\/span>hasValue<\/span> &&<\/span> isValid<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  proc<\/span>\r\n}<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  error<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u53cd\u8ee2\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9075\u5faa\u5c06\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u653e\u5728then\u7684\u65b9\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u7684\u53cd\u8f6c\u5e94\u8be5\u7531IDE\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a
\n\u679a\u4e3e<\/h2>\n
\u5f53\u53c2\u6570\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u5728lombok\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528@AllArgsConstructor\u548c@Getter\u3002
\n@Value\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u679a\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n
@AllArgsConstructor<\/span>\r\n@Getter<\/span>\r\nenum<\/span> Hoge<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  A<\/span>(<\/span>\"a-desu\"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n  B<\/span>(<\/span>\"b-dayo\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n  private<\/span> String<\/span> message<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Integer.valueOf\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de Integer \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/h2>\n
Integer\u548cLong\u7684valueOf\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u88c5\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002
\n\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
int<\/span> n<\/span> =<\/span> Integer<\/span>.<\/span>valueOf<\/span>(<\/span>str<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u7528\u4f5c\u539f\u59cb\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528parseInt\u3002<\/p>\n
int<\/span> n<\/span> =<\/span> Integer<\/span>.<\/span>parseInt<\/span>(<\/span>str<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8981\u5c06IOException\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u975e\u68c0\u67e5\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528UncheckedIOException\u3002<\/h2>\n
catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> ex<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  throw<\/span> new<\/span> UncheckedIOException<\/span>(<\/span>ex<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528package private\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a0\u4e0a@VisibleForTesting<\/h2>\n
\u8bf7\u7ed9Guava\u7684@VisibleForTesting\u52a0\u4e0a\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5728JUnit\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
@VisibleForTesting<\/span>\r\nString<\/span> createId<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> seed<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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