{"id":31313,"date":"2023-09-11T16:30:15","date_gmt":"2023-06-30T03:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%94%a8java%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T23:23:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T15:23:46","slug":"%e7%94%a8java%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%94%a8java%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8a%a0%e5%af%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7528Java\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528AES256\/GCM\u5e94\u8be5\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
\n\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u89e3\u5bc6\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u5728Java\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Cipher\uff0cGCM\u6807\u7b7e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5bc6\u6587\u4e2d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\uff08\u5982.NET\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u53d6\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6697\u53f7\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u6bcd\u8bed\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8ff0\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\u952e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9009\u62e9AES256\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a256\u4f4d\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5bc6\u7801\u7684SHA256\u7528\u4f5c\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6SHA256\u5e76\u7528\u4f5c\u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u9700\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff09<\/p>\n

import<\/span> java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> java.security.MessageDigest<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.SecretKey<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> SecretKey<\/span> getKeyFromPassword<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> pass<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        MessageDigest<\/span> sha<\/span> =<\/span> MessageDigest<\/span>.<\/span>getInstance<\/span>(<\/span>\"SHA-256\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        sha<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>pass<\/span>.<\/span>getBytes<\/span>(<\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        byte<\/span>[]<\/span> shakey<\/span> =<\/span> sha<\/span>.<\/span>digest<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        SecretKey<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> SecretKeySpec<\/span>(<\/span>shakey<\/span>,<\/span> \"AES\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5171\u4eab\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7SecretKey.getEncoded()\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u3002
\n\u7528\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f getKeyFromBytes(byte[] src)\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u89e3\u5bc6\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> javax.crypto.SecretKey<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.KeyGenerator<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> SecretKey<\/span> generateRandomKey<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        KeyGenerator<\/span> keygen<\/span> =<\/span> KeyGenerator<\/span>.<\/span>getInstance<\/span>(<\/span>\"AES\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        SecretKey<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> keygen<\/span>.<\/span>generateKey<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>    \r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> SecretKey<\/span> getKeyFromBytes<\/span>(<\/span>byte<\/span>[]<\/span> src<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        SecretKey<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> SecretKeySpec<\/span>(<\/span>src<\/span>,<\/span> \"AES\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>    \r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u751f\u6210 IV \u548c GCM \u53c2\u6570
\n\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u63a8\u6d4b\u51fa\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u660e\u6587\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5411\u91cf\uff08IV\uff09\u3002
\n\u5728\u4f7f\u7528GCM\u65f6\uff0cIV\u753112\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u636e\uff08nonce\uff09\u548c4\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u751f\u6210\u3002
\n\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2anonce\u6765\u751f\u6210GCMParameterSpec\u3002
\n\u5728\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528nonce\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u3002IV\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u77e5\u6653\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0e\u5bc6\u6587\u4e00\u8d77\u53d1\u9001\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> java.security.SecureRandom<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.SecretKey<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> byte<\/span>[]<\/span> generateNonce<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        byte<\/span>[]<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>12<\/span>];<\/span>\r\n        SecureRandom<\/span> randgen<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> SecureRandom<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        randgen<\/span>.<\/span>nextBytes<\/span>(<\/span>ret<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> GCMParameterSpec<\/span> generateGCMParameter<\/span>(<\/span>byte<\/span>[]<\/span> nonce<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        GCMParameterSpec<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> GCMParameterSpec<\/span>(<\/span>128<\/span>,<\/span> nonce<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6309\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u6848\u5728GCM\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9644\u52a0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u3002
\nAAD\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002
\n\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u201cAAD\u306f\u8ffd\u52a0\u8a8d\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u306f\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3082\u826f\u3044\u304c64kBytes\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u3059\u308b\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f7f\u7528UTF-8\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9644\u52a0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u3002
\n\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u52a0\u5bc6\u5f3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u5bc6
\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u660e\u6587\u3001\u5bc6\u94a5\u548cGCM\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u3002
\nAAD\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528updateAAD\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.SecretKey<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.Cipher<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> byte<\/span>[]<\/span> encrypt<\/span>(<\/span>byte<\/span>[]<\/span> src<\/span>,<\/span> SecretKey<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> GCMParameterSpec<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> aad<\/span> =<\/span> \"AAD\u306f\u8ffd\u52a0\u8a8d\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u306f\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3082\u826f\u3044\u304c64kBytes\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u3059\u308b\"<\/span>.<\/span>getBytes<\/span>(<\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Cipher<\/span> cipher<\/span> =<\/span> Cipher<\/span>.<\/span>getInstance<\/span>(<\/span>\"AES\/GCM\/NoPadding\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        cipher<\/span>.<\/span>init<\/span>(<\/span>Cipher<\/span>.<\/span>ENCRYPT_MODE<\/span>,<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        cipher<\/span>.<\/span>updateAAD<\/span>(<\/span>aad<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        byte<\/span>[]<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> cipher<\/span>.<\/span>doFinal<\/span>(<\/span>src<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u89e3\u5bc6
\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5bc6\u6587\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u3001GCM\u53c2\u6570\u548cAAD\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.SecretKey<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> javax.crypto.Cipher<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n    .<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> byte<\/span>[]<\/span> decrypt<\/span>(<\/span>byte<\/span>[]<\/span> src<\/span>,<\/span> SecretKey<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> GCMParameterSpec<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> aad<\/span> =<\/span> \"AAD\u306f\u8ffd\u52a0\u8a8d\u8a3c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3001\u4e2d\u8eab\u306f\u306a\u3093\u3067\u3082\u826f\u3044\u304c64kBytes\u4ee5\u5185\u306b\u3059\u308b\"<\/span>.<\/span>getBytes<\/span>(<\/span>StandardCharsets<\/span>.<\/span>UTF_8<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Cipher<\/span> cipher<\/span> =<\/span> Cipher<\/span>.<\/span>getInstance<\/span>(<\/span>\"AES\/GCM\/NoPadding\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        cipher<\/span>.<\/span>init<\/span>(<\/span>Cipher<\/span>.<\/span>DECRYPT_MODE<\/span>,<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        cipher<\/span>.<\/span>updateAAD<\/span>(<\/span>aad<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        byte<\/span>[]<\/span> ret<\/span> =<\/span> cipher<\/span>.<\/span>doFinal<\/span>(<\/span>src<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> ret<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        Log<\/span>.<\/span>warn<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u603b\u7ed3
\n\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f53\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u548c\u89e3\u5bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u611f\u89c9\u3002<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u6697\u53f7\u5316<\/span>\r\n    SecretKey<\/span> key<\/span> =<\/span> getKeyFromPassword<\/span>(<\/span>\"P@ssW0rd\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> nonce<\/span> =<\/span> generateNonce<\/span>();<\/span> \/\/ \u5fa9\u53f7\u5316\u3067\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u304a\u304f<\/span>\r\n    GCMParameterSpec<\/span> param<\/span> =<\/span> generateGCMParameter<\/span>(<\/span>nonce<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> encdata<\/span> =<\/span> encrypt<\/span>(<\/span>srcdata<\/span>,<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u5fa9\u53f7\u5316<\/span>\r\n    SecretKey<\/span> key<\/span> =<\/span> getKeyFromPassword<\/span>(<\/span>\"P@ssW0rd\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> nonce<\/span> =<\/span> <<\/span>\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u304a\u3044\u305fbyte\u914d\u5217<\/span>>;<\/span>\r\n    GCMParameterSpec<\/span> param<\/span> =<\/span> generateGCMParameter<\/span>(<\/span>nonce<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    byte<\/span>[]<\/span> decdata<\/span> =<\/span> decrypt<\/span>(<\/span>encdata<\/span>,<\/span> key<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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