{"id":31299,"date":"2024-01-21T21:42:56","date_gmt":"2024-01-14T01:08:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0java%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84string%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T23:18:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T15:18:58","slug":"%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0java%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84string%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0java%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e7%9a%84string%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b66\u4e60Java\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684String\u529f\u80fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7bJava\u4e2d\u7684String\u7c7b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efaString\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
String<\/span> a<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> String<\/span>(<\/span>\"\u3053\u3093\u306b\u3061\u306f\"<\/span>);<\/span>   \/\/new\u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/span>\r\n\r\nString<\/span> b<\/span> =<\/span> \"\u3053\u3093\u3070\u3093\u306f\"<\/span>;<\/span>   \/\/new\u306f\u7701\u7565\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u2606\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30c0\u30d6\u30eb\u30af\u30a9\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\uff01<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\uff08immutable\uff09\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a”\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61”\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u6539\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u79f0\u4e3a”\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61”\u3002
\n“\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61”\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f8b\u662fString\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6211\u542c\u5230\u201c\u4e0d\u53d8\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u72d7\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u732b\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> str<\/span> =<\/span> \"\u72ac\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nstr<\/span> =<\/span> \"\u732b\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>str<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u5b9f\u884c\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\u732b<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u597d\u50cf\u503c\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\u4e86\u3002
\nString\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5f53\u5b83\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e3a\u65b0\u503c\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u65b0\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u3002
\n\u4e0b\u9762\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a
\n1. \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\uff08private\uff09\u3002
\n2. \u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u591f\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u7684setter\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002
\n3. \u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u4e3afinal\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u5199\uff08override\uff09\u3002
\n4. \u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9bgetter\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/\u4f8b<\/span>\r\npublic<\/span> final<\/span> class<\/span> Sample<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    private<\/span> final<\/span> String<\/span> name<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> Sample<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> name<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>name<\/span> =<\/span> name<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> void<\/span> dog<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span> +<\/span> \"\u3061\u3083\u3093\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
String\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
valueOf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528valueOf\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aString\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b<\/span>\r\nint<\/span> a<\/span> =<\/span> 100<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nString<\/span> str<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>.<\/span>valueOf<\/span>(<\/span>a<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>str<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
toString\u65b9\u6cd5
\n\u4e0evalueOf\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aString\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b<\/span>\r\nint<\/span> b<\/span> =<\/span> 200<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nString<\/span> str<\/span> =<\/span> Integer<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>b<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>str<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u2606valueOf\u65b9\u6cd5\u548ctoString\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b
\n\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u503c\u4e3anull\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n
int<\/span> c<\/span> =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n        \r\n\/\/valueOf\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nString<\/span> d<\/span> =<\/span> String<\/span>.<\/span>valueOf<\/span>(<\/span>c<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>d<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c\u30fb\u30fb\u30fbString\u578b\u306enull\u304c\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\nnull<\/span>\r\n        \r\n\/\/toString\u306e\u5834\u5408<\/span>\r\nString<\/span> e<\/span> =<\/span> Integer<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>(<\/span>c<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u4f8b\u5916\u304c\u30b9\u30ed\u30fc\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff08java.lang.NullPointerException\uff09<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
replaceAll\u65b9\u6cd5replaceAll \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e76\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002
\n*\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5e26 “All” \u7684 replace \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528 replaceAll \u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> f<\/span> =<\/span> \"hellocathello\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/replaceAll(\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u6587\u5b57\u5217, \u7f6e\u63db\u3059\u308b\u6587\u5b57\u5217);<\/span>\r\nf<\/span> =<\/span> f<\/span>.<\/span>replaceAll<\/span>(<\/span>\"hello\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"bye\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\nbyecatbye<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66ff\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5
\nreplaceAll\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0ereplaceAll\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u6362\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> f<\/span> =<\/span> \"aaaaa\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>\"aa\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"b\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\nbba<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
String<\/span> f<\/span> =<\/span> \"aaaaa\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>'a'<\/span>,<\/span> 'b'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\nbbbbb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> f<\/span> =<\/span> \"aaaaa\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>\"zz\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"b\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\naaaaa<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53char\u578b\u548cCharSequence\u578b\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> f<\/span> =<\/span> \"aaaaa\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>\"aa\"<\/span>,<\/span> 'b'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002
\n\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff08\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u8fb9\u5f00\u59cb\u6309\u7167\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4f9d\u6b21\u8ba1\u6570\u3002
\n\u203b\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c06\u629b\u51fajava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> g<\/span> =<\/span> \"abcde\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>g<\/span>.<\/span>charAt<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/abcde<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u2193\u2193\u2193\u2193\u2193<\/span>\r\n\/\/01234\uff08\u9806\u756a\uff09<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\nc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
indexOf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ed6\u5c06\u68c0\u67e5\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ba1\u6570\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> h<\/span> =<\/span> \"abcde\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>h<\/span>.<\/span>indexOf<\/span>(<\/span>'a'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>h<\/span>.<\/span>indexOf<\/span>(<\/span>'z'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u203b\u540c\u3058\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u304c\u8907\u6570\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3092\u6559\u3048\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n0<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u6307\u5b9a\u306e\u6587\u5b57\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001-1\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\n-<\/span>1<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u622a\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5
\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002
\n\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300c|\u300d\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u4e2a\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a1\uff0c2\uff0c3\uff0c4\uff0c5…\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6307\u5b9a0\u548c3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u53d6\u201cabc\u201d\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a1\u548c5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u53d6\u201cbcde\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> i<\/span> =<\/span> \"abcde\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>i<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\nabc<\/span>\r\nbcde<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u4ec5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a2\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u53d6\u201c|\u201d\u540e\u7684\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u201ccde\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> j<\/span> =<\/span> \"abcde\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>j<\/span>.<\/span>substring<\/span>(<\/span>2<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\ncde<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u957f\u5ea6\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u534a\u89d2\u82f1\u6570\u5b57\u8fd8\u662f\u5168\u89d2\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> k<\/span> =<\/span> \"abcde\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>k<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n5<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
startsWith\u65b9\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5f00\u5934\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5true\u6216false\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> l<\/span> =<\/span> \"hello\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>l<\/span>.<\/span>startsWith<\/span>(<\/span>\"he\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\ntrue<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
endsWith\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u6765\u8868\u793a\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
String<\/span> m<\/span> =<\/span> \"hello\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nSystem<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>m<\/span>.<\/span>endsWith<\/span>(<\/span>\"o\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\ntrue<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\u611f\u8c22\u60a8\u4e00\u76f4\u6d4f\u89c8\u5230\u6700\u540e\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002
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