{"id":30085,"date":"2023-06-06T17:10:44","date_gmt":"2023-02-03T15:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e6%83%b3%e7%94%a8java%e6%9d%a5%e6%9b%b4%e7%ae%80%e6%b4%81%e5%9c%b0%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99mongodb%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T17:28:14","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T09:28:14","slug":"%e6%88%91%e6%83%b3%e7%94%a8java%e6%9d%a5%e6%9b%b4%e7%ae%80%e6%b4%81%e5%9c%b0%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99mongodb%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%88%91%e6%83%b3%e7%94%a8java%e6%9d%a5%e6%9b%b4%e7%ae%80%e6%b4%81%e5%9c%b0%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99mongodb%e8%81%9a%e5%90%88%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u60f3\u7528Java\u6765\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u5730\u7f16\u5199MongoDB\u805a\u5408"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u4e2d\u7684\u805a\u5408\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u867d\u7136\u6bd4MapReduce\u5feb\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u7528Java\u5199\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u70b9\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u5982\u679cJava\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4e9b\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u6682\u65f6\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u7b80\u5355\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528CLI<\/p>\n

db<\/span>.<\/span>students<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>([<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$unwind<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$scores<\/span>\"<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$group<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>_id<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$name<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> average<\/span>:{<\/span>$avg<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$scores.score<\/span>\"<\/span>}}},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$skip<\/span>:<\/span>5<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$limit<\/span>:<\/span>3<\/span>}<\/span> ])<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7528Java\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
DBObject<\/span> groupFields<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$name\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\ngroupFields<\/span>.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>\"average\"<\/span>,<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$avg\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores.score\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nAggregationOutput<\/span> output<\/span> =<\/span> collection<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n        new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$unwind\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores\"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$group\"<\/span>,<\/span> groupFields<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$skip\"<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$limit\"<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u5c31\u662f<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \\$group\u3068\u304b\\$avg\u3068\u304b\u3001String\u3067\u6e21\u3059\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u958b\u767a\u74b0\u5883\u3067gr\u3068\u304b\u5165\u529b\u3057\u305f\u3089group?\u3068\u8a00\u3063\u3066\u6b32\u3057\u3044<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        new BasicDBObject \u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u305f\u3044<\/ul>\n
        \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c<\/p>\n
        \u6211\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aAggBuilder\u548cAggUtils\u7684\u7c7b\u3002
        \n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u7d27\u51d1\uff0c\u7701\u7565 import \u548c JavaDoc\u3002<\/p>\n
        public<\/span> class<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n\r\n    private<\/span> final<\/span> DBCollection<\/span> collection<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    private<\/span> final<\/span> List<\/span><<\/span>DBObject<\/span>><\/span> ops<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ArrayList<\/span><<\/span>DBObject<\/span>>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span>(<\/span>DBCollection<\/span> collection<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        this<\/span>.<\/span>collection<\/span> =<\/span> collection<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> AggregationOutput<\/span> execute<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> (<\/span>ops<\/span>.<\/span>size<\/span>()<\/span> ><\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            return<\/span> collection<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>(<\/span>ops<\/span>.<\/span>remove<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>),<\/span> ops<\/span>.<\/span>toArray<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> DBObject<\/span>[<\/span>ops<\/span>.<\/span>size<\/span>()]));<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> collection<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>(<\/span>ops<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>0<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span> limit<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        ops<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$limit\"<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span> skip<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        ops<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$skip\"<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span> unwind<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        ops<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$unwind\"<\/span>,<\/span> param<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    public<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span> group<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> id<\/span>,<\/span> DBObject<\/span> param<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        DBObject<\/span> params<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        params<\/span>.<\/span>putAll<\/span>(<\/span>param<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        ops<\/span>.<\/span>add<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$group\"<\/span>,<\/span> params<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> this<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u53ea\u662f\u5c06”$\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48”\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86”\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5”\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728Utils\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728group\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u9996\u5148\u53ea\u52a0\u5165\u4e86avg\u3002<\/p>\n
        public<\/span> class<\/span> AggUtils<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/**\r\n     * @param fieldName\r\n     *            name of the average field aggregated\r\n     * @param fieldToAverage\r\n     *            field to calculate average for\r\n     *\/<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> static<\/span> DBObject<\/span> avg<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> fieldName<\/span>,<\/span> String<\/span> fieldToAverage<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>fieldName<\/span>,<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$avg\"<\/span>,<\/span> fieldToAverage<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u4e0eCLI\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684JS\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u805a\u5408\u540e\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e92\u6362\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u70b9\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002<\/p>\n
        db<\/span>.<\/span>students<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>([<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$unwind<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$scores<\/span>\"<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$group<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>_id<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$name<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> average<\/span>:{<\/span>$avg<\/span>:<\/span>\"<\/span>$scores.score<\/span>\"<\/span>}}},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$skip<\/span>:<\/span>5<\/span>},<\/span>\r\n         {<\/span>$limit<\/span>:<\/span>3<\/span>}<\/span> ])<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        AggregationOutput<\/span> output<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span>(<\/span>collection<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>unwind<\/span>(<\/span>\"$scores\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>group<\/span>(<\/span>\"$name\"<\/span>,<\/span> avg<\/span>(<\/span>\"average\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores.score\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>skip<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>limit<\/span>(<\/span>3<\/span>).<\/span>execute<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4eca\u56de\u306fAggregation\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30e0\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3067\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u305f\u3051\u3069\u3001\u3042\u3093\u307e\u308a\u6642\u9593\u3082\u304b\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3057group\u3092\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u30df\u30b9\u3057\u3066\u3082\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u6c17\u3065\u304b\u306a\u3044\u306a\u3093\u3066\u3053\u3068\u304c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u5b09\u3057\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
        package<\/span> advent<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> static<\/span> advent<\/span>.<\/span>AggUtils<\/span>.<\/span>avg<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> java.net.UnknownHostException<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.AggregationOutput<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.BasicDBObject<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.DB<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.DBCollection<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.DBObject<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> com.mongodb.MongoClient<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\npublic<\/span> class<\/span> AggSample<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[]<\/span> args<\/span>)<\/span> throws<\/span> UnknownHostException<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        MongoClient<\/span> client<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> MongoClient<\/span>(<\/span>\"localhost\"<\/span>,<\/span> 27017<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        DB<\/span> database<\/span> =<\/span> client<\/span>.<\/span>getDB<\/span>(<\/span>\"school\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        DBCollection<\/span> collection<\/span> =<\/span> database<\/span>.<\/span>getCollection<\/span>(<\/span>\"students\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/*\r\n         * db.students.aggregate([\r\n         * {$unwind:\"$scores\"},\r\n         * {$group: {_id:\"$name\", average:{$avg:\"$scores.score\"}}},\r\n         * {$skip:5},\r\n         * {$limit:3} ])\r\n         *\/<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ Normal Java code<\/span>\r\n        DBObject<\/span> groupFields<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$name\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        groupFields<\/span>.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>\"average\"<\/span>,<\/span> new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$avg\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores.score\"<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n        printResults<\/span>(<\/span>collection<\/span>.<\/span>aggregate<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n                new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$unwind\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores\"<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$group\"<\/span>,<\/span> groupFields<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$skip\"<\/span>,<\/span> 5<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                new<\/span> BasicDBObject<\/span>(<\/span>\"$limit\"<\/span>,<\/span> 3<\/span>)));<\/span>\r\n\r\n        \/\/ Use AggBuilder<\/span>\r\n        printResults<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> AggBuilder<\/span>(<\/span>collection<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>unwind<\/span>(<\/span>\"$scores\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>group<\/span>(<\/span>\"$name\"<\/span>,<\/span> avg<\/span>(<\/span>\"average\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"$scores.score\"<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>skip<\/span>(<\/span>5<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        .<\/span>limit<\/span>(<\/span>3<\/span>).<\/span>execute<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    private<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> printResults<\/span>(<\/span>AggregationOutput<\/span> output<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        for<\/span> (<\/span>DBObject<\/span> obj<\/span> :<\/span> output<\/span>.<\/span>results<\/span>())<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            System<\/span>.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>obj<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        }<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u603b\u7ed3
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