{"id":300,"date":"2023-02-20T23:55:42","date_gmt":"2023-09-26T12:56:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8c%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8stdgetline%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%9f\/"},"modified":"2025-08-01T19:57:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T11:57:52","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8c%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8stdgetline%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8c%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8stdgetline%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ std::getline() \u51fd\u6570\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u7528\u6cd5\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u4e0e\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728C++\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff1f\u300b\u7684\u7b2c1\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51714\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5728C++\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

C++\u4e2dstd::getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

std::getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165<string><\/code>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3agetline()<\/code>\u662f\u8be5\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6d89\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165<fstream><\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1std::getline()<\/code>\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5373\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u603b\u662f\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

istream& getline(istream& input_stream, string& output, char delim);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7b7e\u540d\u8868\u660e\uff0cgetline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff08input_stream<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08output<\/code>\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u9009\u7684delim<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u8be5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c06\u505c\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n
getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()<\/code>\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h2>\n
\u65e2\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41 std::cin<\/code> \u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
#include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u59d3\u540d\r\n    std::string name;\r\n\r\n    std::cout << \"\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u59d3\u540d: \";\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4ecestd::cin\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5230name\u4e2d\r\n    std::getline(std::cin, name);\r\n\r\n    std::cout << \"\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\" << name << \"!\\n\";\r\n\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u60a8\u7684\u59d3\u540d: JournalDev\r\n\u4f60\u597d\uff0cJournalDev!\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6beb\u65e0\u95ee\u9898\u5730\u4ecestd::cin<\/code>\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\uff01<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ainput.txt<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ cat input.txt\r\nHello from JournalDev\r\nSecond Line of file\r\nLast line\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u884c\u4e00\u884c\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\uff01<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u6301\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528std::getline(file, temp)<\/code>\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u8fbe\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\uff08EOF\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n
std::ifstream infile(\"input.txt\");\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\r\nstd::string temp;\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\r\nwhile (std::getline(infile, temp)) {\r\n  \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\r\n  outputs.push_back(temp);\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
#include <iostream>\r\n#include <string>\r\n#include <vector>   \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e std::vector\r\n#include <fstream>  \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e std::ifstream \u548c std::ofstream\r\n\r\nint main() {\r\n    \/\/ \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\r\n    std::vector<std::string> outputs;\r\n\r\n    std::cout << \"\u6b63\u5728\u4ece input.txt \u8bfb\u53d6...\\n\";\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u5bf9\u8c61\r\n    std::ifstream infile(\"input.txt\");\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\r\n    std::string temp;\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\r\n    while (std::getline(infile, temp)) {\r\n        \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\r\n        outputs.push_back(temp);\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684for\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u8f93\u51fa\u5411\u91cf\r\n    for (const auto& i : outputs)\r\n        std::cout << i << std::endl;\r\n\r\n    return 0;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5728\u4ece input.txt \u8bfb\u53d6....\r\nHello from JournalDev\r\nSecond Line of file\r\nLast line\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728C++\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u62c6\u5206\u8f93\u5165<\/h2>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26 \\n<\/code>\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 std::getline()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u2014\u2014\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff08delim<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u5272\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cstd::getline()<\/code> \u5c06\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff08\\n<\/code>\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u4fee\u6539\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6839\u636e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u5206\u5272\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u7a7a\u683c\u5b57\u7b26 ' '<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u89c2\u5bdf\u5176\u6548\u679c\uff01<\/p>\n
#<\/span>include<\/span> <iostream><\/span><\/span>\r\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <string><\/span><\/span>\r\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <vector><\/span> \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e std::vector<\/span><\/span>\r\n#<\/span>include<\/span> <fstream><\/span> \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e std::ifstream \u548c std::ofstream<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nint<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d<\/span>\r\n    std::<\/span>vector<<\/span>std::<\/span>string><\/span> outputs;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> \"\u6b63\u5728\u4ece input.txt \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e....\\n\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u8f93\u5165\uff09<\/span>\r\n    std::<\/span>ifstream infile<\/span>(<\/span>\"input.txt\"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4e34\u65f6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>\r\n    std::<\/span>string temp;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\uff08EOF\uff09<\/span>\r\n    while<\/span> (<\/span>std::<\/span>getline<\/span>(<\/span>infile,<\/span> temp,<\/span> ' '<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\u4e2d<\/span>\r\n        outputs.<\/span>push_back<\/span>(<\/span>temp)<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n\r\n    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u8303\u56f4\u7684 for \u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u8f93\u51fa\u5411\u91cf<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> (<\/span>const<\/span> auto<\/span>&<\/span> i :<\/span> outputs)<\/span>\r\n        std::<\/span>cout <<<\/span> i <<<\/span> std::<\/span>endl;<\/span>\r\n\r\n    return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8f93\u51fa<\/h3>\n
\u6b63\u5728\u4ece input.txt \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e....\r\nHello\r\nfrom\r\nJournalDev\r\nSecond\r\nLine\r\nof\r\nfile\r\nLast\r\nline\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u6240\u6599\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6210\u529f\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff01<\/p>\n
\n
\u4f7f\u7528 std::getline()<\/code> \u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5982\u4f55\u5728C++\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528std::getline()\u51fd\u6570\uff1f\u300b\u7684\u7b2c3\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u51714\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c3d\u7ba1`std::getline()`\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e9b\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\uff08\u5982`std::cin`\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n