{"id":29977,"date":"2023-06-18T17:20:43","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T09:49:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86jwt%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0python%e7%9a%84flask-web-api%e4%b8%ad\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T16:52:27","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T08:52:27","slug":"%e5%b0%86jwt%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0python%e7%9a%84flask-web-api%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86jwt%e8%ba%ab%e4%bb%bd%e9%aa%8c%e8%af%81%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e5%88%b0python%e7%9a%84flask-web-api%e4%b8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c06JWT\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u6210\u5230Python\u7684Flask Web API\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148\u6211\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u521b\u5efa\u7684Flask Web API\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002
\n\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Python + Flask + MongoDB\u521b\u5efaWeb API\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u90e8\u7f72\u5230Azure VM + Nginx\uff08\u6536\u96c6Hololive\u9884\u5b9a\u89c6\u9891\u7684\u8ba1\u52123\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2023\/1\/30 \u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 Python 3.11 \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 Flask-JWT\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u6b64\u5e16\u3002
\n\u5c06 JWT \u8ba4\u8bc1\uff08Flask-JWT-Extended\uff09\u5d4c\u5165\u5230 Python \u7684 Flask Web API \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48JWT\u662fJSON Web Token\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5JSON\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ea4\u6362\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Claim\uff09\u3002
\n\u8be5\u89c4\u8303\u5728RFC7519\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53cc\u65b9\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff08Authorization\uff09\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6b21\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u751f\u6210JWT\u4ee4\u724c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u8be5JWT\u4ee4\u724c\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Web API\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73af\u5883\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u74b0\u5883<\/p>\n

Windows 10 Pro 1909
\nPython 3.8.5
\nPowerShell 7.1 \/ WSL
\nGit for Windows 2.27.0
\nMongoDB 4.4.2<\/p>\n

\u30af\u30e9\u30a6\u30c9\u74b0\u5883<\/p>\n

Azure VM \u306e Ubuntu 20.04(LTS)
\nPython 3.8.6
\nGit 2.25.1
\nMongoDB 4.4.2
\nNginx 1.18.0<\/p>\n

\u51c6\u5907\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Web API\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u7684MongoDB\u7684users\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n
><\/span> mongo<\/span> localhost:27017\/admin<\/span> -u<\/span> admin<\/span> -p<\/span>\r\n><\/span> use<\/span> holoduledb<\/span>\r\nswitched<\/span> to<\/span> db<\/span> holoduledb<\/span>\r\n><\/span> show<\/span> collections<\/span>\r\nholodules<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.createCollection<\/span>(<\/span>\"users\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"ok\"<\/span> :<\/span> 1<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.users.save<\/span>(<\/span> {<\/span>\"id\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"1\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"username\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"user01\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"password\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"password01\"<\/span>}<\/span> );<\/span>\r\nWriteResult<\/span>({<\/span> \"nInserted\"<\/span> :<\/span> 1<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.users.find<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> :<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>(<\/span>\"5fe1aca6d53eaa62c5f8c75b\"<\/span>),<\/span> \"id\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"1\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"username\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"user01\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"password\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"password01\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u7c7b (Yu\u00e8 k\u00e8 de zu\u00f2
\n\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4eceMongoDB\u7684\u7528\u6237\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7c7b\u3002
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528Object-Document-Mapper\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u8fd8\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u76f8\u4e92\u8f6c\u6362JSON\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
class<\/span> User<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> __init__<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>,<\/span> username<\/span>,<\/span> password<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__id<\/span> =<\/span> id<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__username<\/span> =<\/span> username<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__password<\/span> =<\/span> password<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # id\r\n<\/span>    @property<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> id<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>__id<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @id.setter<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> id<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> id<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__id<\/span> =<\/span> id<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # username\r\n<\/span>    @property<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> username<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>__username<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @username.setter<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> username<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> username<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__username<\/span> =<\/span> username<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # password\r\n<\/span>    @property<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> password<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> self<\/span>.<\/span>__password<\/span>\r\n\r\n    @password.setter<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> password<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>,<\/span> password<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        self<\/span>.<\/span>__password<\/span> =<\/span> password<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # \u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u304b\u3089\u5909\u63db\r\n<\/span>    @classmethod<\/span>\r\n    def<\/span> from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>cls<\/span>,<\/span> doc<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        if<\/span> doc<\/span> is<\/span> None<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n            return<\/span> None<\/span>\r\n        user<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>(<\/span>doc<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>id<\/span>'<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n                    doc<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>username<\/span>'<\/span>],<\/span> \r\n                    doc<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>password<\/span>'<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> user<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # \u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3078\u5909\u63db\r\n<\/span>    def<\/span> to_doc<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        doc<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span> '<\/span>id<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                '<\/span>username<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>.<\/span>username<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n                '<\/span>password<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>self<\/span>.<\/span>password<\/span>)<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n        return<\/span> doc<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u65f6\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8eJWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u5305\u3002
\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u6709\u7684Web API\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Flask\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0Flask-JWT\u5305\u6765\u5728Flask\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u3002<\/p>\n
><\/span> poetry<\/span> add<\/span> Flask-JWT<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u96c6\u6210\u8fdb\u6765\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7684Web API\u7684app.py\uff0c\u5c06JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u96c6\u6210\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u7684User\u7c7b\u548cFlask-JWT\u5305\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
from<\/span> flask_jwt<\/span> import<\/span> jwt_required<\/span>,<\/span> current_identity<\/span>,<\/span> JWT<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> models.user<\/span> import<\/span> User<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08identity\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
def<\/span> authoricate<\/span>(<\/span>username<\/span>,<\/span> password<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>.<\/span>from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>db<\/span>.<\/span>users<\/span>.<\/span>find_one<\/span>({<\/span>\"<\/span>username<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> username<\/span>}))<\/span>\r\n    authenticated<\/span> =<\/span> True<\/span> if<\/span> user<\/span> is<\/span> not<\/span> None<\/span> and<\/span> user<\/span>.<\/span>password<\/span> ==<\/span> password<\/span> else<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> user<\/span> if<\/span> authenticated<\/span> else<\/span> None<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237ID\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8c61(identity)\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
def<\/span> identity<\/span>(<\/span>payload<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    # @jwt.jwt_payload_handler \u3067JWT\u30da\u30a4\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u3057\u3001identity \u3092\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\r\n<\/span>    username<\/span> =<\/span> payload<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>identity<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>.<\/span>from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>db<\/span>.<\/span>users<\/span>.<\/span>find_one<\/span>({<\/span>\"<\/span>username<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> username<\/span>}))<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> user<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5904\u7406
\n\u5bc6\u94a5 JWT_SECRET_KEY \u662f\u4ece\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
# Flask\r\n<\/span>app<\/span> =<\/span> Flask<\/span>(<\/span>__name__<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# JSON\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u6291\u6b62\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JSON_SORT_KEYS<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n# Flask JWT\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_SECRET_KEY<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> settings<\/span>.<\/span>jwt_secret_key<\/span>      # JWT\u306b\u7f72\u540d\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_ALGORITHM<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>HS256<\/span>'<\/span>                       # \u6697\u53f7\u5316\u7f72\u540d\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_LEEWAY<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>                                # \u6709\u52b9\u671f\u9650\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4f59\u88d5\u6642\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>seconds<\/span>=<\/span>300<\/span>)<\/span> # \u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u671f\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_NOT_BEFORE_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>seconds<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>   # \u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u5bfe\u6642\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_AUTH_URL_RULE<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>\/auth<\/span>'<\/span>                   # \u8a8d\u8a3c\u30a8\u30f3\u30c9\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8URL\r\n<\/span>jwt<\/span> =<\/span> JWT<\/span>(<\/span>app<\/span>,<\/span> authoricate<\/span>,<\/span> identity<\/span>)<\/span>                       # \u3053\u3053\u3067\u4e0a\u8a182\u3064\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49JWT\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
@jwt.jwt_payload_handler<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> make_payload<\/span>(<\/span>identity<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    iat<\/span> =<\/span> datetime<\/span>.<\/span>utcnow<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    exp<\/span> =<\/span> iat<\/span> +<\/span> current_app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span> \r\n    nbf<\/span> =<\/span> iat<\/span> +<\/span> current_app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_NOT_BEFORE_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    identity<\/span> =<\/span> getattr<\/span>(<\/span>identity<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>username<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> {<\/span>'<\/span>exp<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> exp<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>iat<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> iat<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>nbf<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> nbf<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>identity<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> identity<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u8a8d\u8b49\u7684\u7db2\u7d61 API \u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u88dd\u98fe\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
@log<\/span>(<\/span>logger<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n@app.route<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/holodules\/<string:date><\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>GET<\/span>'<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n@jwt_required<\/span>()<\/span>                                   # \u30c7\u30b3\u30ec\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>def<\/span> get_Holodules<\/span>(<\/span>date<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    logger<\/span>.<\/span>info<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>\"<\/span>holodules\/<\/span>{<\/span>date<\/span>}<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>date<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> 8<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        abort<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    ...<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9a57\u8b49JWT\u7684\u904b\u4f5c\u78ba\u8a8d<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8Web API<\/p>\n
><\/span> poetry<\/span> run<\/span> flask<\/span> run<\/span>\r\n\r\n *<\/span> Environment:<\/span> production<\/span>\r\n   WARNING:<\/span> This<\/span> is<\/span> a<\/span> development<\/span> server.<\/span> Do<\/span> not<\/span> use<\/span> it<\/span> in<\/span> a<\/span> production<\/span> deployment.<\/span>\r\n   Use<\/span> a<\/span> production<\/span> WSGI<\/span> server<\/span> instead.<\/span>\r\n *<\/span> Debug<\/span> mode:<\/span> off<\/span>\r\n[<\/span>INFO<\/span>    ]<\/span>_<\/span>log<\/span> -<\/span>  *<\/span> Running<\/span> on<\/span> http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/<\/span> (<\/span>Press<\/span> CTRL<\/span>+<\/span>C<\/span> to<\/span> quit<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528curl\u547d\u4ee4\u83b7\u53d6JWT\u4ee4\u724c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u5411\u8a8d\u8b49\u7aef\u9edeURL\u7684 \/auth \u767c\u9001\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6236\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u78bc\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6JWT\u4ee4\u724c\u3002<\/p>\n
# Powershell \u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f JSON \u306e\u30a8\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30d7\u304c\u5fc5\u8981<\/span>\r\n><\/span> curl<\/span> \"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/auth\"<\/span> -X<\/span> POST<\/span> -H<\/span> \"Content-Type: application\/json\"<\/span> -d<\/span> '\"{ \\\"username\\\": \\\"user01\\\", \\\"password\\\": \\\"password01\\\" }\"'<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"access_token\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI...\"<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
# WSL \u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3044\u3064\u3082\u901a\u308a<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl \"http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000\/auth\"<\/span> -X<\/span> POST -H<\/span> \"Content-Type: application\/json\"<\/span> -d<\/span> '{ \"username\": \"user01\", \"password\": \"password01\" }'<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"access_token\"<\/span>:\"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI...\"<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"img01.jpg\"<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528curl\u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u7528Web API\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u7528\u83b7\u53d6\u7684 JWT \u4ee4\u724c\u6307\u5b9a\u5e76\u8c03\u7528 Web API \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n
# Powershell<\/span>\r\n><\/span> curl<\/span> \"http:\/\/localhost:5000\/holodules\/20201209\"<\/span> -H<\/span> \"Authorization: JWT eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI...\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"result\"<\/span>:<\/span>17<\/span>,<\/span>\"holodules\"<\/span>:[{<\/span>\"key\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"HL0503_20201209_230000\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"video_id\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"yEttl2nfhsQ\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"datetime\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"20201209 230000\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"\\u5c3e\\u4e38\\u30dd\\u30eb\\u30ab\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"title\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"\\u30a2\\u30ab\\u30da\\u30e9\\u3067...\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
# WSL<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl \"http:\/\/localhost:5000\/Holodules\/20201209\"<\/span> -H<\/span> \"Authorization: JWT eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI...\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"result\"<\/span>:17,\"holodules\"<\/span>:[{<\/span>\"key\"<\/span>:\"HL0503_20201209_230000\"<\/span>,\"video_id\"<\/span>:\"yEttl2nfhsQ\"<\/span>,\"datetime\"<\/span>:\"20201209 230000\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"<\/span>\\u<\/span>5c3e<\/span>\\u<\/span>4e38<\/span>\\u<\/span>30dd<\/span>\\u<\/span>30eb<\/span>\\u<\/span>30ab\"<\/span>,\"title\"<\/span>:\"<\/span>\\u<\/span>30a2<\/span>\\u<\/span>30ab<\/span>\\u<\/span>30da<\/span>\\u<\/span>30e9<\/span>\\u<\/span>3067...\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\"img02.jpg\"\u82e5\u672a\u6307\u5b9a JWT \u4ee4\u724c\uff0c\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u8ba4\u8bc1\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>curl \"http:\/\/localhost:5000\/Holodules\/20201209\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"status_code\"<\/span>:401,\"error\"<\/span>:\"Authorization Required\"<\/span>,\"description\"<\/span>:\"Request does not contain an access token\"<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679cJWT\u4ee4\u724c\u8fc7\u671f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f1a\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>curl \"http:\/\/localhost:5000\/Holodules\/20201209\"<\/span> -H<\/span> \"Authorization: JWT eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI...\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"status_code\"<\/span>: 401,\"error\"<\/span>: \"Invalid token\"<\/span>,\"description\"<\/span>: \"Signature has expired\"<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u642d\u8f7dJWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684app.py\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801
\n\u6211\u5011\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86JWT\u8eab\u4efd\u9a57\u8b49\uff0c\u9084\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u65e5\u8a8c\u7d00\u9304\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
import<\/span> json<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> flask<\/span> import<\/span> Flask<\/span>,<\/span> jsonify<\/span>,<\/span> request<\/span>,<\/span> abort<\/span>,<\/span> make_response<\/span>,<\/span> current_app<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> flask_jwt<\/span> import<\/span> jwt_required<\/span>,<\/span> current_identity<\/span>,<\/span> JWT<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> pymongo<\/span> import<\/span> MongoClient<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> os.path<\/span> import<\/span> join<\/span>,<\/span> dirname<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> urllib.parse<\/span> import<\/span> quote_plus<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> datetime<\/span> import<\/span> timedelta<\/span>,<\/span> datetime<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> models.holodule<\/span> import<\/span> Holodule<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> models.user<\/span> import<\/span> User<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> settings<\/span> import<\/span> Settings<\/span>\r\nfrom<\/span> logger<\/span> import<\/span> log<\/span>,<\/span> get_logger<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30ed\u30ae\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>json_path<\/span> =<\/span> join<\/span>(<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>__file__<\/span>),<\/span> \"<\/span>config\/logger.json<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nlog_dir<\/span> =<\/span> join<\/span>(<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>__file__<\/span>),<\/span> \"<\/span>log<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nlogger<\/span> =<\/span> get_logger<\/span>(<\/span>log_dir<\/span>,<\/span> json_path<\/span>,<\/span> False<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Settings \u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\r\n<\/span>settings<\/span> =<\/span> Settings<\/span>(<\/span>join<\/span>(<\/span>dirname<\/span>(<\/span>__file__<\/span>),<\/span> '<\/span>.env<\/span>'<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n\r\n# MongoDB \u63a5\u7d9a\u60c5\u5831\r\n<\/span>mongodb_user<\/span> =<\/span> quote_plus<\/span>(<\/span>settings<\/span>.<\/span>mongodb_user<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nmongodb_password<\/span> =<\/span> quote_plus<\/span>(<\/span>settings<\/span>.<\/span>mongodb_password<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nmongodb_host<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>mongodb:\/\/%s\/<\/span>\"<\/span> %<\/span> (<\/span>settings<\/span>.<\/span>mongodb_host<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# MongoDB \u63a5\u7d9a\u8a8d\u8a3c\r\n<\/span>client<\/span> =<\/span> MongoClient<\/span>(<\/span>mongodb_host<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span> =<\/span> client<\/span>.<\/span>holoduledb<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>authenticate<\/span>(<\/span>name<\/span>=<\/span>mongodb_user<\/span>,<\/span>password<\/span>=<\/span>mongodb_password<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d\u3068\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u8a8d\u8a3c\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u95a2\u6570\r\n<\/span>def<\/span> authoricate<\/span>(<\/span>username<\/span>,<\/span> password<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>.<\/span>from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>db<\/span>.<\/span>users<\/span>.<\/span>find_one<\/span>({<\/span>\"<\/span>username<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> username<\/span>}))<\/span>\r\n    authenticated<\/span> =<\/span> True<\/span> if<\/span> user<\/span> is<\/span> not<\/span> None<\/span> and<\/span> user<\/span>.<\/span>password<\/span> ==<\/span> password<\/span> else<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> user<\/span> if<\/span> authenticated<\/span> else<\/span> None<\/span>\r\n\r\n# JWT\u30da\u30a4\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u95a2\u6570\r\n<\/span>def<\/span> identity<\/span>(<\/span>payload<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    # @jwt.jwt_payload_handler \u3067JWT\u30da\u30a4\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u3057\u3001identity \u3092\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\r\n<\/span>    username<\/span> =<\/span> payload<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>identity<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span> =<\/span> User<\/span>.<\/span>from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>db<\/span>.<\/span>users<\/span>.<\/span>find_one<\/span>({<\/span>\"<\/span>username<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> username<\/span>}))<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> user<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Flask\r\n<\/span>app<\/span> =<\/span> Flask<\/span>(<\/span>__name__<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n# JSON\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u6291\u6b62\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JSON_SORT_KEYS<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> False<\/span>\r\n# Flask JWT\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_SECRET_KEY<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> settings<\/span>.<\/span>jwt_secret_key<\/span>      # JWT\u306b\u7f72\u540d\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u79d8\u5bc6\u9375\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_ALGORITHM<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>HS256<\/span>'<\/span>                       # \u6697\u53f7\u5316\u7f72\u540d\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_LEEWAY<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> 0<\/span>                                # \u6709\u52b9\u671f\u9650\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u4f59\u88d5\u6642\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>seconds<\/span>=<\/span>300<\/span>)<\/span> # \u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u6709\u52b9\u671f\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_NOT_BEFORE_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> timedelta<\/span>(<\/span>seconds<\/span>=<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>   # \u30c8\u30fc\u30af\u30f3\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3059\u308b\u76f8\u5bfe\u6642\u9593\r\n<\/span>app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_AUTH_URL_RULE<\/span>'<\/span>]<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>\/auth<\/span>'<\/span>                   # \u8a8d\u8a3c\u30a8\u30f3\u30c9\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8URL\r\n<\/span>jwt<\/span> =<\/span> JWT<\/span>(<\/span>app<\/span>,<\/span> authoricate<\/span>,<\/span> identity<\/span>)<\/span>                       # \u3053\u3053\u3067\u4e0a\u8a182\u3064\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\r\n<\/span>\r\n# JWT\u30da\u30a4\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\r\n<\/span>@jwt.jwt_payload_handler<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> make_payload<\/span>(<\/span>identity<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    iat<\/span> =<\/span> datetime<\/span>.<\/span>utcnow<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n    exp<\/span> =<\/span> iat<\/span> +<\/span> current_app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span> \r\n    nbf<\/span> =<\/span> iat<\/span> +<\/span> current_app<\/span>.<\/span>config<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>JWT_NOT_BEFORE_DELTA<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    identity<\/span> =<\/span> getattr<\/span>(<\/span>identity<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>username<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> {<\/span>'<\/span>exp<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> exp<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>iat<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> iat<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>nbf<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> nbf<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>identity<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> identity<\/span>}<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30db\u30ed\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u914d\u4fe1\u4e88\u5b9a\u306e\u53d6\u5f97\r\n<\/span>@log<\/span>(<\/span>logger<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n@app.route<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/holodules\/<string:date><\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> methods<\/span>=<\/span>[<\/span>'<\/span>GET<\/span>'<\/span>])<\/span>\r\n@jwt_required<\/span>()<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> get_Holodules<\/span>(<\/span>date<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    logger<\/span>.<\/span>info<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>\"<\/span>holodules\/<\/span>{<\/span>date<\/span>}<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    if<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>date<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> 8<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        abort<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # MongoDB \u304b\u3089\u5e74\u6708\u65e5\u3092\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u30db\u30ed\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u914d\u4fe1\u4e88\u5b9a\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u683c\u7d0d\r\n<\/span>    holodule_list<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> doc<\/span> in<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>holodules<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\"<\/span>datetime<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>'<\/span>$regex<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span>'<\/span>^<\/span>'<\/span>+<\/span>date<\/span>}}).<\/span>sort<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>datetime<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> -<\/span>1<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n        holodule<\/span> =<\/span> Holodule<\/span>.<\/span>from_doc<\/span>(<\/span>doc<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n        holodule_list<\/span>.<\/span>append<\/span>(<\/span>holodule<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    if<\/span> len<\/span>(<\/span>holodule_list<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> 0<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        abort<\/span>(<\/span>404<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # \u30aa\u30d6\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3057\u3066JSON\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8fd4\u5374\r\n<\/span>    holodules<\/span> =<\/span> []<\/span>\r\n    for<\/span> holodule<\/span> in<\/span> holodule_list<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n        doc<\/span> =<\/span> holodule<\/span>.<\/span>to_doc<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n        holodules<\/span>.<\/span>append<\/span>(<\/span>doc<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    result<\/span> =<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \"<\/span>result<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span>len<\/span>(<\/span>holodule_list<\/span>),<\/span>\r\n        \"<\/span>holodules<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span>holodules<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n    # UTF-8\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3001Content-Type \u306f application\/json\r\n<\/span>    return<\/span> make_response<\/span>(<\/span>jsonify<\/span>(<\/span>result<\/span>))<\/span>\r\n    # UTF-8\u6587\u5b57\u3001Content-Type \u306f text\/html; charset=utf-8\r\n<\/span>    # return make_response(json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False))\r\n<\/span>\r\n# \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\uff1a404\r\n<\/span>@log<\/span>(<\/span>logger<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n@app.errorhandler<\/span>(<\/span>404<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> not_found<\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    logger<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>\"<\/span>{<\/span>error<\/span>}<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> make_response<\/span>(<\/span>jsonify<\/span>({<\/span>'<\/span>error<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>Not found<\/span>'<\/span>}),<\/span> 404<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30cf\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\uff1a500\r\n<\/span>@log<\/span>(<\/span>logger<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n@app.errorhandler<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>\r\ndef<\/span> internal_server_error<\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>):<\/span>\r\n    logger<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>f<\/span>\"<\/span>{<\/span>error<\/span>}<\/span>\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> make_response<\/span>(<\/span>jsonify<\/span>({<\/span>'<\/span>error<\/span>'<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>Internal Server Error<\/span>'<\/span>}),<\/span> 500<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\nif<\/span> __name__<\/span> ==<\/span> \"<\/span>__main__<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    app<\/span>.<\/span>run<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u540e
\n\u5728\u4f7f\u7528JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6210\u529f\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u4e86\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002
\n\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684SSL\u901a\u4fe1\u548cJWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5f3a\u884c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n
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