{"id":29919,"date":"2023-05-23T20:05:50","date_gmt":"2023-04-24T17:35:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bb%8enode-js%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e5%88%b0%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84mongodb%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T16:35:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T08:35:05","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bb%8enode-js%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e5%88%b0%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84mongodb%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bb%8enode-js%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e5%88%b0%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84mongodb%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4eceNode.js\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684MongoDB"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8<\/p>\n
\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u73af\u5883\u662f\u6a31\u82b1VPS+CentOS\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528node.js\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684mongoDB\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Node.JS MongoDB\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5 MongoDB\uff1a`npm install mongodb`<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b89\u88c5\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7Node.js\u8fde\u63a5MongoDB\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

mongo<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>\"mongodb\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nServer<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'mongodb'<\/span>).<\/span>Server<\/span>\r\nDb<\/span> =<\/span> mongo<\/span>.<\/span>Db<\/span>\r\nBSON<\/span> =<\/span> mongo<\/span>.<\/span>BSONPure<\/span>\r\nassert<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'assert'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\ndb<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> Db<\/span>(<\/span>'db1'<\/span>,<\/span> new<\/span> Server<\/span>(<\/span>'xxx.xx.xx.xx'<\/span>,<\/span> 27017<\/span>),{<\/span>safe<\/span>:<\/span>false<\/span>})<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>open<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n  if<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n    log<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n  else<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>.<\/span>collectionNames<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> items<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n      assert<\/span> items<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff1a\u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06127.0.0.1\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u4e2a\uff1f
\n\u96be\u9053\uff1f
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0MongoDB\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u5141\u8bb8\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6MongoDB\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7bee\u5b50\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\n\u5728MySQL\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528Root\u8d26\u6237\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002
\n\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
1. \u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6253\u5f00Mongo shell\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
> use admin\r\nswitched to db admin\r\n> db.addUser('user1','password')\r\n{\r\n    \"user\" : \"user1\",\r\n    \"readOnly\" : false,\r\n    \"pwd\" : \"e7e8a26d330dbb8bef5b1886ceb5e290\",\r\n    \"_id\" : ObjectId(\"53cdf6cf3baadf71b7b2a006\")\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5728admin\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\uff1aaddUser(‘\u7528\u6237\u540d’\uff0c’\u5bc6\u7801’)\u3002
\n\u76ee\u524d\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u542f\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u767b\u5f55\u624d\u80fd\u6dfb\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
> use db1\r\nswitched to db db1\r\n> db.addUser('user1','password')\r\n{\r\n    \"user\" : \"user1\",\r\n    \"readOnly\" : false,\r\n    \"pwd\" : \"e7e8a26d330dbb8bef5b1886ceb5e290\",\r\n    \"_id\" : ObjectId(\"53cdf8d0b31d6d88862bae5e\")\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u300cdb1\u300d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u300cuser1\u300d\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
\u542f\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\/etc\/mongod.conf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
% sudo vim \/etc\/mongod.conf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5927\u7ea6\u5728\u7b2c26\u884c\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709 #auth = true\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf7\u53d6\u6d88\u6b64\u6ce8\u91ca\u4ee5\u542f\u7528 auth\u3002<\/p>\n
#auth =<\/span> true\r\n\u2193\r\nauth =<\/span> true\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6309\u4e0besc\u952e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u952e\u5165:wq\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8mongod\u3002<\/p>\n
% sudo service mongod restart\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
4. \u4f7f\u7528Mongo shell\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u6253\u5f00Mongo Shell\uff0c\u6267\u884c”use db1″\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528”show collections”\u547d\u4ee4\u83b7\u53d6\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
> show collections\r\nTue Jul 22 14:53:01.657 error: {\r\n    \"$err\" : \"not authorized for query on db1.system.namespaces\",\r\n    \"code\" : 16550\r\n} at src\/mongo\/shell\/query.js:128\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5df2\u7ecf\u542f\u7528\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002
\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u767b\u5f55\u3002
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528db.auth(‘\u7528\u6237\u540d’,’\u5bc6\u7801’)\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u3002
\n\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u8fde\u7eed\u6267\u884cshow collections\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
> db.auth('user1','password')\r\n1\r\n> show collections\r\nsystem.indexes\r\nsystem.users\r\n>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6253\u5f00mongo shell\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
% mongo 127.0.0.1:27017\/db1 -u user1 -p password\r\nMongoDB shell version: 2.4.10\r\nconnecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017\/db1\r\n> show collections\r\nsystem.indexes\r\nsystem.users\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
5. \u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u5730\u7684node.js\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002
\n\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u901a\u8fc7SSH\u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c
\n\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u672c\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684MongoDB\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u59cb\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684MongoDB\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Node.js\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
{[MongoError\uff1a\u5bf9db1.system.namespaces\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u672a\u6388\u6743]
\n[\u5806\u6808]\uff1a[\u83b7\u53d6\u8005\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8005],
\n[\u53c2\u6570]\uff1a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49,
\n[\u7c7b\u578b]\uff1a\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49,
\n[\u6d88\u606f]\uff1a’\u5bf9db1.system.namespaces\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u672a\u6388\u6743’,
\n\u540d\u79f0\uff1a’MongoError’}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u7531\u4e8e\u672a\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1adb.authenticate(‘\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d’, ‘\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9’, \u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570(err, result))\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u767b\u5f55\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de1\u3002<\/p>\n
db<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> Db<\/span>(<\/span>'db1'<\/span>,<\/span> new<\/span> Server<\/span>(<\/span>'xxx.xxx.xx.xx'<\/span>,<\/span> 27017<\/span>),{<\/span>safe<\/span>:<\/span>false<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>.<\/span>open<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n      if<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n        log<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n      else<\/span>\r\n        db<\/span>.<\/span>authenticate<\/span> 'user1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'password'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> result<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n          if<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n            log<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n          else<\/span>\r\n            db<\/span>.<\/span>collectionNames<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> items<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n              if<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n                log<\/span> err<\/span>\r\n              else<\/span>\r\n                assert<\/span> items<\/span>.<\/span>length<\/span> ><\/span> 0<\/span>\r\n                log<\/span> items<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n
\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u8bbe\u5b9a zh\u011b<\/p>\n
> use admin\r\n> db.addUser('user1','password')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n
> use db1\r\n> db.addUser('user1','password')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\/etc\/mongod.conf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
#auth = true\r\n\u2193\r\nauth = true\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Mongo Shell\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
db.auth('user1','password')\r\n\u307e\u305f\u306f\r\nmongo 127.0.0.1:27017\/db1 -u user1 -p password\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Node.js\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>authenticate<\/span> 'user1'<\/span>,<\/span> 'password'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> result<\/span>)<\/span>-><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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