{"id":29910,"date":"2023-09-09T20:37:46","date_gmt":"2023-07-29T02:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8express%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5mongodb\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T16:31:48","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T08:31:48","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8express%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5mongodb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8express%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5mongodb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Express\u8fde\u63a5MongoDB"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u60f3\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002
\n\u987a\u4fbf\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u80fd\u5426\u4eceExpress\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u63d0\u82f9\u679c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u4f7f\u7528Homebrew\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
brew update\r\nbrew install <\/span>mongodb\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u5b89\u88c5MongoDB\u65f6\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
Error: Xcode alone is not sufficient on Sierra.\r\nInstall the Command Line Tools:\r\n  xcode-select --install\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f9d\u7167\u88ab\u544a\u77e5\u9032\u884c xcode-select –install \u6307\u4ee4\u3002
\n\u4e00\u65e6\u5b89\u88dd\u7a0b\u5f0f\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u5c31\u9032\u884c\u5b89\u88dd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bd5\u7740\u52a8\u4e00\u4e0b\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002<\/p>\n
mkdir<\/span> -p<\/span> \/data\/db\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528mongod\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u51fa\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n
2018-04-13T20:59:18.279+0900 W NETWORK  [thread1] Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1:27017, in(checking socket for error after poll), reason: Connection refused\r\n2018-04-13T20:59:18.280+0900 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: couldn't connect to server 127.0.0.1:27017, connection attempt failed :\r\nconnect@src\/mongo\/shell\/mongo.js:251:13\r\n@(connect):1:6\r\nexception: connect failed\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f3c\u4e4e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
waiting for connections on port 27017\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528Mongo\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\n
\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u8aac\u660eshow dbs\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4e00\u89a7\u3092\u8868\u793ause [DB\u540d][DB\u540d]\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u3002\u7121\u3051\u308c\u3070\u4f5c\u6210\u3002db.createCollection([\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u540d])\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u4f5c\u6210db.[DB\u540d].insert([\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf])\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u8ffd\u52a0\u3002db.[DB\u540d].update([\u5909\u66f4\u524d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf],[\u5909\u66f4\u5f8c\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf])\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u66f4\u65b0\u3002db.[DB\u540d].insert([\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf])\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u524a\u9664\u3002help\u30d8\u30eb\u30d7\u8868\u793adb.help()\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3078\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u30d8\u30eb\u30d7db.[\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u540d].help()\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3078\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u30d8\u30eb\u30d7
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n
# DB\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n><\/span> use test\r\n<\/span>switched to db test<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.createCollection(<\/span>'test\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"ok\"<\/span> : 1 }<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n><\/span> show dbs\r\nadmin   0.000GB\r\nconfig  0.000GB\r\nlocal   <\/span>0.000GB\r\ntest    <\/span>0.000GB\r\n\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.insert({<\/span>id<\/span>:1, name:'test1'<\/span>})<\/span>\r\nWriteResult({<\/span> \"nInserted\"<\/span> : 1 })<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5165\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.find()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a42e31752cb52c3bc118\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 1, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test1\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3082\u5165\u308b<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.insert([{<\/span>id<\/span>:2, name:'test2'<\/span>}<\/span>,{<\/span>id<\/span>:3,name:'test3'<\/span>}])<\/span>\r\nBulkWriteResult({<\/span>\r\n        \"writeErrors\"<\/span> : [<\/span> ]<\/span>,\r\n        \"writeConcernErrors\"<\/span> : [<\/span> ]<\/span>,\r\n        \"nInserted\"<\/span> : 2,\r\n        \"nUpserted\"<\/span> : 0,\r\n        \"nMatched\"<\/span> : 0,\r\n        \"nModified\"<\/span> : 0,\r\n        \"nRemoved\"<\/span> : 0,\r\n        \"upserted\"<\/span> : [<\/span> ]<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30db\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u5165\u3063\u305f\u304b\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.find()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a42e31752cb52c3bc118\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 1, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test1\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11a\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 2, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test2\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11b\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 3, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test3\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u66f4\u65b0\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.update({<\/span>id<\/span>:1}<\/span>,{<\/span> $set<\/span>: {<\/span>name:'test1Update'<\/span>}})<\/span>\r\nWriteResult({<\/span> \"nMatched\"<\/span> : 1, \"nUpserted\"<\/span> : 0, \"nModified\"<\/span> : 1 })<\/span>\r\n\r\n><\/span> db.test.find()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a46831752cb52c3bc119\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 1, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test1Update\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11a\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 2, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test2\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11b\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 3, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test3\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6d88\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db.test.remove({<\/span>id<\/span>:3})<\/span>\r\nWriteResult({<\/span> \"nRemoved\"<\/span> : 1 })<\/span>\r\n\r\n><\/span> db.test.find()<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a46831752cb52c3bc119\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 1, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test1Update\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> : ObjectId(<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11a\"<\/span>)<\/span>, \"id\"<\/span> : 2, \"name\"<\/span> : \"test2\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528Express
\n\u4f7f\u7528npm install mongodb –save \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728Node\u4e2d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002
\n\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u6b21\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7248\u672c\u662f3.0.6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u6b64\u7248\u672c\u521b\u5efajs\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
'<\/span>usestrict<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n\r\nconst<\/span> MongoClient<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>MongoClient<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> test<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>assert<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> db<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nvar<\/span> collection<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u63a5\u7d9a\u5148URL<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> url<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>mongodb:\/\/localhost:27017<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308bDB\u540d<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> dbName<\/span> =<\/span> '<\/span>test<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ MongoDB\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> mongoClient<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> MongoClient<\/span>(<\/span>url<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nmongoClient<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>function<\/span>(<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span> client<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  db<\/span> =<\/span> client<\/span>.<\/span>db<\/span>(<\/span>dbName<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\nvar<\/span> col<\/span> =<\/span> function<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \u3068\u308a\u3042\u3048\u305aDB\u540d\u56fa\u5b9a\u3067\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\n    return<\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>collection<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>test<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n\r\nmodule<\/span>.<\/span>exports<\/span>.<\/span>collection<\/span> =<\/span> col<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u8bf7\u539f\u751f\u5730\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8fbe\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a
\n\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002
\n\u4e3a\u4e86\u4eceExpress\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684index.js\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n
'<\/span>use strict<\/span>'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ import<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> express<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>express<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u4f5c\u3063\u305fjs\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> db<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>.\/mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> app<\/span> =<\/span> express<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express<\/span>.<\/span>static<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>.\/app\/<\/span>'<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span>res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>Hello World!<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ '\/sel'\u51fa\u6765\u305f\u6642\u306b\u4e00\u89a7\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>\/sel<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span>res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    db<\/span>.<\/span>collection<\/span>().<\/span>find<\/span>().<\/span>toArray<\/span>((<\/span>err<\/span>,<\/span>docs<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>docs<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>end<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    });<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>3000<\/span>,<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>listen on Port 3000<\/span>'<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee localhost:3000\/sel \u65f6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
[{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"5ad4a46831752cb52c3bc119\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"id\"<\/span>:<\/span>1<\/span>,<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"test1Update\"<\/span>},{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"5ad4a4a131752cb52c3bc11a\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"id\"<\/span>:<\/span>2<\/span>,<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"test2\"<\/span>}]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6700\u540e
\n\u6682\u65f6\u5148\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u672a\u6765\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u518d\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u4e00\u4e0bMongoDB\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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