{"id":29900,"date":"2023-05-25T13:54:06","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T04:14:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3mongodb%e7%9a%84%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%ac%a6%e7%9a%84%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-2\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T16:28:46","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T08:28:46","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3mongodb%e7%9a%84%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%ac%a6%e7%9a%84%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e6%9c%89%e5%85%b3mongodb%e7%9a%84%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%ac%a6%e7%9a%84%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u5173MongoDB\u7684”$”\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8eMongoDB\u7684”$”\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63d0\u9192\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u6295\u5f71\uff09\u53c2\u8003\u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/docs.mongodb.org\/manual\/reference\/operator\/projection\/positional\/#proj._S_<\/p>\n

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var<\/span> docs<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 70<\/span>,<\/span> 87<\/span>,<\/span> 90<\/span> ]<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> 88<\/span>,<\/span> 92<\/span> ]<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> 100<\/span>,<\/span> 90<\/span> ]<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 79<\/span>,<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> 80<\/span> ]<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 5<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 88<\/span>,<\/span> 88<\/span>,<\/span> 92<\/span> ]<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 6<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 95<\/span>,<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> 96<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n];<\/span>\r\n\r\ndocs<\/span>.<\/span>forEach<\/span>(<\/span>function<\/span>(<\/span>d<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_find<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>d<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_find<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>$gte<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span> }<\/span> },<\/span>  \/\/semester\u304c1\u3001\u304b\u3064grades\u304c85\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.$<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span> }<\/span>  \/\/\u691c\u7d22\u7d50\u679c\u306egrades\u914d\u5217\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u8981\u7d20\u3060\u3051\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 87<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 2<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 90<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 85<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_find<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>semester<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>$gte<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 95<\/span> }<\/span> },<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.$<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 1<\/span> }<\/span> )<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> 100<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\uff08\u66f4\u65b0\uff09
\n\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\uff1ahttp:\/\/docs.mongodb.org\/manual\/reference\/operator\/update\/positional\/<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> docs<\/span> =<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span>\r\n    \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n      {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 80<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 75<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 8<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n      {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 5<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n      {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n    ]<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n];<\/span>\r\n\r\ndocs<\/span>.<\/span>forEach<\/span>(<\/span>function<\/span>(<\/span>d<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n  db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_update<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>(<\/span>d<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_update<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>$set<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.$.std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 6<\/span> }<\/span> }<\/span>  \/\/\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u914d\u5217\u8981\u7d20\u306estd\u30926\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u691c\u7d22<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>sample_update<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span> }<\/span> );<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n  \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> \r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 80<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 75<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 8<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 6<\/span> },<\/span>  \/\/std\u304c6\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u305f<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n  ]<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>sample_update<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>$gte<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span> }<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span> \"<\/span>$set<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>grades.$.std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 10<\/span> }<\/span> }<\/span>  \/\/\u6761\u4ef6\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u914d\u5217\u8981\u7d20\u306estd\u309210\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/\u691c\u7d22<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>sample_update<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span> {<\/span> \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 4<\/span> }<\/span> );<\/span>\r\n\/\/\u7d50\u679c<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n  \"<\/span>_id<\/span>\"<\/span> :<\/span> 4<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n  \"<\/span>grades<\/span>\"<\/span> :<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 80<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 75<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 8<\/span> },<\/span> \r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 10<\/span> },<\/span>  \/\/std\u304c10\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u305f<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> \"<\/span>grade<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 90<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>mean<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 85<\/span>,<\/span> \"<\/span>std<\/span>\"<\/span>:<\/span> 3<\/span> }<\/span>  \/\/\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306estd\u306f\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u307f\u305f\u3044\u3002\u3002<\/span>\r\n  ]<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6839\u636e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5206\u6570\u4e3a90\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u672a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4e0e\u6295\u5f71\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u624d\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8eMongoDB\u7684”$”\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7528\u6cd5\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5fd8\u8bb0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63d0\u9192\u3002 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[227],"class_list":["post-29900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-227"],"yoast_head":"\n\u6709\u5173MongoDB\u7684"$"\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u6709\u5173MongoDB\u7684"$"\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u6709\u5173mongodb\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u6709\u5173MongoDB\u7684"$"\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u6709\u5173MongoDB\u7684"$"\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/\u6709\u5173mongodb\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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