{"id":29702,"date":"2023-06-13T02:15:17","date_gmt":"2023-10-01T10:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js-express-mongodb%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%barest-api\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T15:27:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T07:27:52","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js-express-mongodb%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%barest-api","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8node-js-express-mongodb%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e5%bf%ab%e9%80%9f%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%barest-api\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Node.js + Express + MongoDB\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u5feb\u901f\u6784\u5efaREST API"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6982\u62ec\u672c\u6b21\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Node.js + Express + MongoDB\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aREST API\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8bf7\u9605\u8bfb\u5404\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\/users\/:id API\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

app<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users\/:id<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> id<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> users<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span> _id<\/span>:<\/span> id<\/span> });<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u52a8\u624b\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5\u505a\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
 <\/p>\n
\u524d\u63d0 t\u00ed)<\/p>\n
\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      MacOS<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        \n
      • \n
          Homebrew<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u672a\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u65b9\u306f \u516c\u5f0f\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8 \u3092\u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n
          Docker<\/p>\n
          \u672a\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u65b9\u306f \u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8 \u3092\u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u6587\u7ae0\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \n
              JavaScript, TypeScript, Node.js \u306e\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u77e5\u8b58<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
               <\/p>\n
                Docker\u306e\u3042\u308b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u77e5\u8b58(\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u306a\u3093\u3068\u306a\u304f\u3067\u3044\u3051\u307e\u3059)<\/ul>\n
                \u672c\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u6240\u7528\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee5\u98de\u5feb\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
                Node.js
                \n\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u91ca\u4e49\u662f “\u8282\u70b9.js”\u3002\u9996\u5148\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Node.js\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u4e86\uff0c\u8bf7\u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362Node.js\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528nvm\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u901f\u5ea6\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
                $ <\/span>brew install <\/span>node\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u63d0\u793a\u8bf4”\u8bf7\u8bbe\u7f6ePATH\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf”\uff0c\u8bf7\u6309\u7167\u63d0\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528zsh\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5728~\/.zshrc\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u540e\u6267\u884csource ~\/.zshrc\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
                export <\/span>PATH<\/span>=<\/span>\/usr\/local\/opt\/node\/bin:$PATH<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6211\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
                $ <\/span>node -v<\/span>\r\nv18.12.1\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u597d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                TypeScript \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
                # \u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>mkdir <\/span>sample-express-mongoose\r\n$ <\/span>cd <\/span>sample-express-mongoose\r\n# package.json \u306e\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>npm init --yes<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u9700\u8981\u5728\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684 package.json \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                   \"version\": \"1.0.0\",\r\n   \"description\": \"Express + Mongoose \u306e REST API \u4f5c\u6210\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\",\r\n   \"main\": \"index.js\",\r\n+  \"type\": \"module\",\r\n<\/span>   \"scripts\": {\r\n     \"test\": \"echo \\\"Error: no test specified\\\" && exit 1\"\r\n   },\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eTypeScript\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u987a\u4fbf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5de5\u5177ts-node\uff08\u7a0d\u540e\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
                # TypeScript \u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>npm install<\/span> --save-dev<\/span> typescript @types\/node\r\n$ <\/span>npm install<\/span> --save-dev<\/span> ts-node\r\n# tsconfig.json \u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>npx tsc --init<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5c06tsconfig.json\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u66f4\u6539\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                -    \"target\": \"es2016\",\r\n<\/span>+    \"target\": \"es2020\", \/* \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u69cb\u6587\u3082\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u53ef\u80fd\u306b *\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n-    \"module\": \"commonjs\",\r\n<\/span>+    \"module\": \"esnext\", \/* ES Modules \u3082\u89e3\u91c8\u53ef\u80fd\u306b *\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n-    \/\/ \"moduleResolution\": \"node\",\r\n<\/span>+    \"moduleResolution\": \"node\", \/* npm\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u305f\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3082\u8a8d\u8b58\u53ef\u80fd\u306b *\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n-    \/\/ \"outDir\": \".\/\",\r\n<\/span>+    \"outDir\": \".\/dist\", \/* \u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u51fa\u529b\u5148\u3092\u6307\u5b9a *\/\r\n<\/span>\r\n-  }\r\n<\/span>+  },\r\n+  \"include\": [\".\/src\/**\/*.ts\"] \/* src\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u5168\u3066\u306ets\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b *\/\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u8868\u8fbe (Express)Express \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728 Node.js \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u521b\u5efa WEB \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa REST API\u3002\u8bf7\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
                # Express \u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>npm install<\/span> --save-dev<\/span> @types\/express express\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u8499\u53e4\u6570\u636e\u5e93
                \n\u5728Express\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528MySQL\u3001Redis\u3001MongoDB\u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u3002
                \nMongoDB\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08RDB\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cMongoDB\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6216\u62c5\u5fc3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u8fd9\u6b21\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Docker\u6765\u6784\u5efaMongoDB\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002
                \n\u521b\u5efadocker-compose.yml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002
                \n\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6eMongoDB\u7684root\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
                version<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>3.8'<\/span>\r\n\r\nservices<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n  mongo<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    image<\/span>:<\/span> mongo<\/span>\r\n    restart<\/span>:<\/span> always<\/span>\r\n    environment<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME<\/span>:<\/span> root<\/span>\r\n      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD<\/span>:<\/span> password<\/span>\r\n    ports<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> \"<\/span>27017:27017\"<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6211\u6765\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
                docker-compose up -d<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u53bb\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u9762\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                # \u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u304c\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>docker-compose ps\r\nNAME                              COMMAND                  SERVICE             STATUS              PORTS\r\nsample-express-mongoose-mongo-1   \"docker-entrypoint.s\u2026\"<\/span>   mongo               running             0.0.0.0:27017->27017\/tcp\r\n# \u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u5165\u308b<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>docker exec<\/span> -it<\/span> sample-express-mongoose-mongo-1 \/bin\/sh\r\n# mongosh \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066DB\u306b\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3002\u5148\u307b\u3069\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u3001\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>mongosh -u<\/span> root\r\nEnter password: password\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092 users \u306b\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\ntest<\/span>><\/span> use users\r\n<\/span>switched to db users<\/span>\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306busers\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u5024\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\nusers<\/span>><\/span> db.users.insertOne({<\/span>name: \"nyanchu\"<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n{<\/span>\r\n  acknowledged: true<\/span>,\r\n  insertedId: ObjectId(<\/span>\"638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n# \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u308b<\/span>\r\nusers<\/span>><\/span> db.users.find()<\/span>\r\n[<\/span> {<\/span> _id: ObjectId(<\/span>\"638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\"<\/span>)<\/span>, name: 'nyanchu'<\/span> }<\/span> ]<\/span>\r\n# \u7d42\u308f\u308a<\/span>\r\nusers<\/span>><\/span> quit\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u503c\u3002
                \n\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528”use”\u548c”insert”\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aMongoDB\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u503c\u65f6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u3002
                \n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a”_id”\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684ID\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u6211\u6253\u7b97\u7a0d\u540e\u4eceAPI\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u732b\u9f2c\uff08\u30de\u30f3\u30b0\u30fc\u30b9\uff09\u5728 Express \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a MongoDB \u7684 ORM\uff0c\u5f88\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u662f mongoose\u3002ORM \u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e93\u3002
                \n\u7531\u4e8e MongoDB \u662f\u4ee5 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5165\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46 mongoose \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6b64\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u3002
                \n\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7acb\u5373\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n
                $ <\/span>npm install<\/span> --save-dev<\/span> mongoose\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u8bd5\u7740\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a REST API\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u521a\u521a\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u521b\u5efa REST API\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3asrc\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002
                \n\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
                node_modules\/\r\npackage.json\r\ndocker-compose.yml\r\npackage-lock.json\r\nsrc\/\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u8fc5\u901f\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u54c1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8bf7\u7acb\u5373\u67e5\u770b\u7b2c4\u9879\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u60a8\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5927\u81f4\u660e\u767d\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u8981\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ece\u7b2c1\u9879\u5f00\u59cb\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u8bd5\u7740\u7528 Express \u521b\u5efa API
                \n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 API\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a src\/app.ts \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u6709\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
                import<\/span> express<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> Application<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>express<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> mongoose<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>mongoose<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> app<\/span>:<\/span> Application<\/span> =<\/span> express<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u300cGET \/\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>Hello World!!<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> EXPRESS_PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n(<\/span>async<\/span> function<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u30ea\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b<\/span>\r\n        app<\/span>.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>EXPRESS_PORT<\/span>,<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>server running<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        });<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        console<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n})();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u6211\u4f1a\u8bd5\u7740\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6084\u6084\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177 ts-node\u3002
                \n\u901a\u5e38 TypeScript \u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201c\u7f16\u8bd1\u201d>\u201c\u6267\u884c\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7701\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
                $ <\/span>npx ts-node --esm<\/span> src\/app.ts\r\nserver running\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u663e\u793a\u4e3a”\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c”\u3002
                \n\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bbf\u95eehttp:\/\/localhost:3000\/\u3002<\/p>\n
                \"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8\u4f60\u597d\u4e16\u754c\uff01\uff01\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\uff01\u53ea\u9700\u5728 app.get(“\/”) … \u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u8def\u7531\u5373\u53ef\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa API\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528Mongoose\u8fde\u63a5\u5230MongoDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002
                \n\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7528 Mongoose \u6765\u8fde\u63a5 MongoDB\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u7740\u5199\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
                \n\u8bf7\u5c06 src\/app.ts \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7a0d\u540e\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
                import<\/span> express<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> Application<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>express<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> mongoose<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>mongoose<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> app<\/span>:<\/span> Application<\/span> =<\/span> express<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ (1) Mongoose \u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> userSchema<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>Schema<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        name<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            type<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n            required<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u5fc5\u9808\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> usersResource<\/span> =<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>model<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> userSchema<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u300cGET \/users\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ \uff082\uff09 users \u304b\u3089\u5168\u4ef6\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> users<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> EXPRESS_PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ (3) Mongoose \u306e\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> MONGOOSE_URI<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>mongodb:\/\/root:password@localhost:27017\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n(<\/span>async<\/span> function<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ MongoDB \u3078\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>MONGOOSE_URI<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u30ea\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b<\/span>\r\n        app<\/span>.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>EXPRESS_PORT<\/span>,<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>server running<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        });<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        console<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n})();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u7f16\u53f7\u4e00\u8d77\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \n
                    (1) MongoDB \u306e users \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u6271\u3046\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u306e\u578b\u3084\u300c\u5fc5\u9808\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u300d\u306a\u3069\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                     <\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • \n
                        (2) MongoDB \u306e users \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002 find() \u3067\u5f15\u6570\u3092\u4f55\u3082\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u5168\u4ef6\u53d6\u5f97\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                         <\/p>\n
                          (3) MongoDB \u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306f”\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0”\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c11\u3057\u30af\u30bb\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306e\u3067\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u304a\u307e\u3058\u306a\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3063\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/ul>\n
                          \u51fa\u73b0\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c npx ts-node –esm src\/app.ts\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6253\u5f00 http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\u3002
                          \n\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u5417\uff1f
                          \n\u4ece API \u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u5728 MongoDB \u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c\uff01<\/p>\n
                          [{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\"<\/span>,<\/span>\"name\"<\/span>:<\/span>\"nyanchu\"<\/span>}]<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                          \u5c1d\u8bd5\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aPOST\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u3002
                          \n\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53d7 JSON \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5165 MongoDB \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002\u8bf7\u5c06 src\/app.ts \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7a0d\u540e\u6211\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
                          import<\/span> express<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> Application<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>express<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> mongoose<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>mongoose<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> app<\/span>:<\/span> Application<\/span> =<\/span> express<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Mongoose \u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> userSchema<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>Schema<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        name<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            type<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n            required<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u5fc5\u9808\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> usersResource<\/span> =<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>model<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> userSchema<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \uff08\uff11\uff09 \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c7\u30a3\u3092 JSON \u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express<\/span>.<\/span>json<\/span>());<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express<\/span>.<\/span>urlencoded<\/span>({<\/span> extended<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span> }));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u300cGET \/users\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ users \u304b\u3089\u5168\u4ef6\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> users<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u300cPOST \/users\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> body<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>body<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ (2) users \u306b\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u3080<\/span>\r\n        await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>body<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>send<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> error<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> EXPRESS_PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Mongoose \u306e\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> MONGOOSE_URI<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>mongodb:\/\/root:password@localhost:27017\/users?authSource=admin<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n(<\/span>async<\/span> function<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ MongoDB \u3078\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>MONGOOSE_URI<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u30ea\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b<\/span>\r\n        app<\/span>.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>EXPRESS_PORT<\/span>,<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>server running<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        });<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        console<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n})();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                          \u8fd9\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          • \n
                              (1) POST \u3067\u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c7\u30a3\u3092 JSON \u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u524d\u6bb5\u306b\u5165\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                               <\/p>\n
                                (2) MongoDB \u306e users \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5024\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5148\u307b\u3069\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3057\u305f\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3092\u5165\u308c\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n
                                \u6211\u5c06\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4f7f\u7528 npx ts-node –esm src\/app.ts \u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u3002
                                \n\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u60f3\u4f7f\u7528 POST \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528 curl \u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                $ <\/span>curl -X<\/span> POST -H<\/span> \"Content-Type: application\/json\"<\/span> -d<\/span> '{\"name\":\"sample\"}'<\/span> -i<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\r\nHTTP\/1.1 200 OK\r\nX-Powered-By: Express\r\nDate: Sun, 04 Dec 2022 06:52:20 GMT\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\nKeep-Alive: timeout<\/span>=<\/span>5\r\nContent-Length: 0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                \u8fd4\u56de\u4e86200\u3002\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u6210\u529f\u3002
                                \n\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u6572\u51fbGET \/users\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
                                ><\/span> curl http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\r\n[{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:\"638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"nyanchu\"<\/span>}<\/span>,{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:\"638c43a4220a7532fbefdc0b\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"sample\"<\/span>,\"__v\"<\/span>:0}]<\/span>% \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                \u603b\u5171\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n
                                \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u8bd5\u8bd5\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u503c\u3002
                                \n\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u503c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9Mongoose\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1Mongoose\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u62e6\u622a\u5b83\u3002
                                \n\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bf7\u6c42 {“title”: “hoge”} \u800c\u4e0d\u662f {“name”: “hoge”}\u3002<\/p>\n
                                ><\/span> curl -X<\/span> POST -H<\/span> \"Content-Type: application\/json\"<\/span> -d<\/span> '{\"title\":\"hoge\"}'<\/span> -i<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\r\nHTTP\/1.1 500 Internal Server Error\r\nX-Powered-By: Express\r\nContent-Type: application\/json;<\/span> charset<\/span>=<\/span>utf-8\r\nContent-Length: 69\r\nETag: W\/\"45-8a3w5Br0p00nfvyzxIpNSyLPEXM\"<\/span>\r\nDate: Sun, 04 Dec 2022 09:27:38 GMT\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\nKeep-Alive: timeout<\/span>=<\/span>5\r\n\r\n{<\/span>\"message\"<\/span>:\"users validation failed: name: Path <\/span>`<\/span>name`<\/span> is required.\"<\/span>}<\/span>% \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                \u6211\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u3002
                                \n\u7528\u6237\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\uff1a\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u3002(\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9bname\u53c2\u6570) \u6211\u611f\u5230\u5f88\u751f\u6c14\u3002
                                \n\u6211\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u4e86Mongoose\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n
                                \u5b8c\u6210CRUD\u64cd\u4f5c
                                \n\u90a3\u4e48\u5728 GET\u3001POST \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u6dfb\u52a0 PUT \u548c DELETE \u6765\u5b8c\u6210 CRUD \u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8bf7\u5c06 src\/app.ts \u4fee\u6539\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5c06\u5728\u7a0d\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n
                                import<\/span> express<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> Application<\/span> }<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>express<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nimport<\/span> mongoose<\/span> from<\/span> \"<\/span>mongoose<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> app<\/span>:<\/span> Application<\/span> =<\/span> express<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Mongoose \u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> userSchema<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>Schema<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        name<\/span>:<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            type<\/span>:<\/span> String<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u578b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n            required<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span>,<\/span> \/\/ \u5fc5\u9808\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n);<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> usersResource<\/span> =<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>model<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> userSchema<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8\u30dc\u30c7\u30a3\u3092 JSON \u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express<\/span>.<\/span>json<\/span>());<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express<\/span>.<\/span>urlencoded<\/span>({<\/span> extended<\/span>:<\/span> true<\/span> }));<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u300cGET \/users\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ users \u304b\u3089\u5168\u4ef6\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> users<\/span> =<\/span> await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>(<\/span>users<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u300cPOST \/users\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> body<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>body<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ users \u306b\u66f8\u304d\u8fbc\u3080<\/span>\r\n        await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>create<\/span>(<\/span>body<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>send<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> error<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\/\/ (1) \u300cPUT \/users\/{:id}\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users\/:id<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> id<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> body<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>body<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ (2) \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f id \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u66f4\u65b0\u3092\u304b\u3051\u308b\u3002 id \u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089\u5931\u6557\u6271\u3044\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n        await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>findByIdAndUpdate<\/span>({<\/span> _id<\/span>:<\/span> id<\/span> },<\/span> body<\/span>).<\/span>orFail<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>send<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> error<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u300cDELETE \/users\/{:id}\u300d\u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0<\/span>\r\napp<\/span>.<\/span>delete<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>\/users\/:id<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> async <\/span>(<\/span>req<\/span>,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    const<\/span> id<\/span> =<\/span> req<\/span>.<\/span>params<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ (3) \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f id \u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3002 id \u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089\u5931\u6557\u6271\u3044\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>\r\n        await<\/span> usersResource<\/span>.<\/span>findByIdAndDelete<\/span>({<\/span> _id<\/span>:<\/span> id<\/span> }).<\/span>orFail<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>).<\/span>send<\/span>();<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>error<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        res<\/span>.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>).<\/span>json<\/span>({<\/span> message<\/span>:<\/span> error<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span> })<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n});<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ Express \u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> EXPRESS_PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/ Mongoose \u306e\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0<\/span>\r\nconst<\/span> MONGOOSE_URI<\/span> =<\/span> \"<\/span>mongodb:\/\/root:password@localhost:27017\/users?authSource=admin<\/span>\"<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\r\n(<\/span>async<\/span> function<\/span> main<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n    \/\/ MongoDB \u3078\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\n    await<\/span> mongoose<\/span>.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>MONGOOSE_URI<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n\r\n    try<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ \u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3067\u30ea\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052\u308b<\/span>\r\n        app<\/span>.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>EXPRESS_PORT<\/span>,<\/span> ()<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>\"<\/span>server running<\/span>\"<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n        });<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span> catch <\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>:<\/span> any<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        console<\/span>.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>e<\/span>.<\/span>message<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n})();<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6b64\u6b21\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                • \n
                                    (1) \u30d1\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067 :id \u3092\u53d7\u3051\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u306b\u306f \/users\/:id \u3068\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c req.params.id \u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                     <\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    • \n
                                        (2) findByIdAndUpdate() \u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f id \u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u66f4\u65b0\u3092\u304b\u3051\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3057 id \u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5f8c .orFail() \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5931\u6557\u6271\u3044\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002(\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3060\u3068\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081)<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                         <\/p>\n
                                          (3) findByIdAndDelete() \u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f id \u3092\u524a\u9664\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e0a\u8a18\u3068\u540c\u3058\u304f id \u304c\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e .orFail() \u3067\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5931\u6557\u6271\u3044\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/ul>\n
                                          \u65e2\u7136\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\u5427\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f7f\u7528 npx ts-node –esm src\/app.ts \u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u3002
                                          \n\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528 curl \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8bf7\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 id \u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
                                          # PUT \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl -X<\/span> PUT -H<\/span> \"Content-Type: application\/json\"<\/span> -d<\/span> '{\"name\":\"huga\"}'<\/span> -i<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\/638c43a4220a7532fbefdc0b\r\n# \u8a66\u3057\u306b GET \u3057\u3066\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002\u66f8\u304d\u63db\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff01<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\r\n[{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:\"638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"huga\"<\/span>}<\/span>,{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:\"638c43a4220a7532fbefdc0b\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"sample\"<\/span>,\"__v\"<\/span>:0}]<\/span>%\r\n\r\n# DELETE \u30ea\u30af\u30a8\u30b9\u30c8<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl -X<\/span> DELETE -i<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\/638c0fb94ceb083d25f210f6\r\n# \u8a66\u3057\u306b GET \u3057\u3066\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002\u6d88\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff01<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>curl http:\/\/localhost:3000\/users\r\n[{<\/span>\"_id\"<\/span>:\"638c43a4220a7532fbefdc0b\"<\/span>,\"name\"<\/span>:\"sample\"<\/span>,\"__v\"<\/span>:0}]<\/span>%\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                          \u8fd9\u6837CRUD\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n
                                          \u603b\u7ed3
                                          \n\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u5462\uff1f\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5b8c\u6210\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u548c Mongoose \u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u7f16\u5199\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
                                          \u6211\u5f53\u524d\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u800c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u6269\u5927\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \n
                                          • \n
                                              Mongoose\u3000\u306e\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u3092\u5225\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3059<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                               <\/p>\n
                                                \n
                                              • \n
                                                  API \u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30fc\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5225\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3059<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                   <\/p>\n
                                                    \n
                                                  • \n
                                                      API \u306e\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5225\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u5207\u308a\u51fa\u3059<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                       <\/p>\n
                                                        Express \u306e\u30ea\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3059\u308b\u90e8\u5206\u3084 Mongoose \u306e\u30b3\u30cd\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\uff08\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff09<\/ul>\n
                                                        \u5982\u679c\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8bdd<\/p>\n
                                                          \n
                                                        • \n
                                                            jest \u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u30ed\u30b8\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304f<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                             <\/p>\n
                                                              \n
                                                            • \n
                                                                jest-mongodb \u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066 Mongoose \u5468\u308a\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304f<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                                                 <\/p>\n
                                                                  supertest \u3092\u5165\u308c\u3066 Express \u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u66f8\u304f<\/ul>\n
                                                                  \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4f59\u529b\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u628a\u90a3\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                                  \u8c22\u8c22\u60a8\u7684\u966a\u4f34\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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