{"id":29532,"date":"2023-08-22T16:23:26","date_gmt":"2022-12-10T10:22:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8node-js%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb%e7%8b%ac%e6%9c%89%e7%9a%84id%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T14:35:10","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T06:35:10","slug":"%e5%9c%a8node-js%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb%e7%8b%ac%e6%9c%89%e7%9a%84id%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%9c%a8node-js%e4%b8%ad%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb%e7%8b%ac%e6%9c%89%e7%9a%84id%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB\u72ec\u6709\u7684ID"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148Mongodb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a_id\u7684\u7279\u6b8aID\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Mongodb shell\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528ObjectId()\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c_id\u4e0d\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u4ecenode.js\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u65f6\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u5c06\u5bf9\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7248\u672c\u30fbNode.js\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u300015.11.0
\n\u30fbMongoDB\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\u30004.4.6
\n\u30fbMongoDB\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30007.6.2<\/p>\n

\u8282\u70b9.js 15.11.0
\nMongoDB 4.4.6
\nMongoDB\u9a71\u52a8 7.6.2<\/p>\n

\u4e66\u7c4d\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u50cf\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e00\u6837\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0_id\u53d8\u6210\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528if\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230true\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8f6c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32()<\/p>\n
\/\/id1\u3092ObjectId<\/span>\r\n\/\/id2\u3092string\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\nid1<\/span> =<\/span> id1<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>()<\/span>\r\nif<\/span>(<\/span>id1<\/span> ==<\/span> id2<\/span>)<\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>true<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
true<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4f1a\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a
\n\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aObjectId\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26()<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectId<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/id1\u3092ObjectId<\/span>\r\n\/\/id2\u3092string\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\nid2<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>(<\/span>id2<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nif<\/span>(<\/span>id1<\/span> ==<\/span> id2<\/span>)<\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>true<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u662f\u5426\u662f\u522b\u540d\u8fd8\u662f\u7248\u672c\u5dee\u5f02\u6211\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u201cnew\u201d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
ObjectID() \u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a “\u5bf9\u8c61\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26()”\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\n\/\/id1\u3092ObjectId<\/span>\r\n\/\/id2\u3092string\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\nid2<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectID<\/span>(<\/span>id2<\/span>);<\/span>\r\nif<\/span>(<\/span>id1<\/span> ==<\/span> id2<\/span>)<\/span>console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>true<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
true<\/span> \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u770b\u5230 “_id” \u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u641c\u7d22\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b JavaScript \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684 toString \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f MongoDB \u7279\u6709\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n
id\u7531Unix\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u673a\u5668ID\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u548c\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceid\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6Unix\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>getTimestamp<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f00\u59cb\u65e0\u8c13\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38
\n\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u5176\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8eid\u7684\u6709\u7528\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u7a81\u7136\u60f3\u5230\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u83b7\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nfor<\/span>(<\/span>key<\/span> in<\/span> id<\/span>){<\/span>\r\n console<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>key<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n}<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
_bsontype<\/span>\r\nid<\/span>\r\ntoHexString<\/span>\r\nget_inc<\/span>\r\ngetInc<\/span>\r\ngenerate<\/span>\r\ntoString<\/span>\r\ntoJSON<\/span>\r\nequals<\/span>\r\ngetTimestamp<\/span>\r\ngenerationTime<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u539f\u6765\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u554a\u3002
\n\u6211\u4f1a\u5206\u522b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
_bsontype \u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>_bsontype<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
ObjectID<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u8ba4\u81ea\u8eab\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u91ca\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u9009\u62e9\uff1aid<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<Buffer 61 1e 6b 37 71 77 f1 3e f8 ca bb a8>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b83\u4f3c\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u4ee5\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toHexString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>typeof<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toHexString<\/span>()));<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>typeof<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toString<\/span>()));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u770b\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u6e05\u695a\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5305\u62ec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n
611e69f74b61853eb65d45c6\r\nstring\r\n611e69f74b61853eb65d45c6\r\nstring\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u589e\u91cf()<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>get_inc<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
13228467<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u662f…\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f
\n\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bf7\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u3002<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u5f97\u589e\u52a0()\u4ece\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u521a\u624d\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>get_inc<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>getInc<\/span>());<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
12862848\r\n12862849\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u522b\u540d\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u751f\u6210()<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>generate<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>id<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<Buffer 61 1e 6d 52 77 18 86 3f 62 7e 27 ad>\r\n<Buffer 61 1e 6d 52 77 18 86 3f 62 7e 27 ac>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662fid\u7684\u522b\u540d\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8f6c\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toJSON<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>typeof<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>toJSON<\/span>()));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
611e6de8a6cfd93f7fc2b096\r\nstring\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u7528\u4e8eMongoDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e_id\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u7b49<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>null<\/span>));<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>equals<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>));<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u54ce\u5440\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5c31\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u4e86\u5427… \u5509\uff0c\u55ef\uff0c\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u662f\u6563\u6587\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u3002\u6211\u6253\u7b97\u4e4b\u5f8c\u597d\u597d\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65f6\u95f4\u4e00\u4ee3<\/p>\n
var<\/span> ObjectId<\/span> =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>mongodb<\/span>'<\/span>).<\/span>ObjectID<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nid<\/span> =<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>();<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>getTimestamp<\/span>());<\/span>\r\nconsole<\/span>.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>id<\/span>.<\/span>generationTime<\/span>);<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5b83\u662f\u5199\u4f5c\u201cTime\u201d\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n
2021-08-19T14:48:30.000Z\r\n1629384510\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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