{"id":29268,"date":"2023-10-09T16:54:14","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T02:23:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/mongodb%e5%bf%ab%e6%9f%a5%e8%a1%a8\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T13:15:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T05:15:09","slug":"mongodb%e5%bf%ab%e6%9f%a5%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/mongodb%e5%bf%ab%e6%9f%a5%e8%a1%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"MongoDB\u5feb\u67e5\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0MongoDB = \u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u6307\u5411\u306eDB<\/p>\n

\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8 = \u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u3053\u3068<\/p>\n

RDB\u306e\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b
\n\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6271\u3046
\n\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u30ad\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066 _id \u3092\u5fc5\u305a\u6301\u3064
\n\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306fJSON\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6271\u3048\u308b(\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u306b\u306fBSON)
\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u578b\u4ed8\u3051\u3055\u308c\u308b(BSON\u4e92\u63db)<\/p>\n

\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 = \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u96c6\u307e\u308a<\/p>\n

RDB\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b(\u305f\u3060\u3057\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30de\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044)
\nSQL\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u64cd\u4f5c\u306f\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044
\n\u691c\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u67d4\u8edf\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/p>\n

\u4f01\u696d(MongoDB Inc.)\u304c\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b<\/p>\n

\u6709\u6599\u7248\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u5f37\u5316\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u304c\u53d7\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b
\n\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u3001\u30b3\u30f3\u30b5\u30eb\u3084\u6559\u80b2\u3082\u53d7\u3051\u4ed8\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u306e\u3053\u3068<\/p>\n

GNU APGL\u30e9\u30a4\u30bb\u30f3\u30b9
\n\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0
\nC++\u5b9f\u88c5
\n\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\/\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b
\n\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u8a00\u8a9e\u3068\u3057\u3066JavaScript\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b
\n\u5fa9\u6570\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0(\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0)\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u5f15\u5165\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5404\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5173\u4e8e\u5bfc\u5165\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u5728OSX\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7brew\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>brew update\r\n$ <\/span>brew install <\/span>mongodb --with-openssl<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728Linux\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6216\u4ece.rpm\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728CentOS 6.x\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c\u5b58\u50a8\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
[<\/span>mongodb-org-3.4]\r\nname<\/span>=<\/span>MongoDB Repository\r\nbaseurl<\/span>=<\/span>https:\/\/repo.mongodb.org\/yum\/redhat\/$releasever<\/span>\/mongodb-org\/3.4\/x86_64\/\r\ngpgcheck<\/span>=<\/span>1\r\nenabled<\/span>=<\/span>1\r\ngpgkey<\/span>=<\/span>https:\/\/www.mongodb.org\/static\/pgp\/server-3.4.asc\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e4b\u540e\u901a\u8fc7Yum\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>sudo <\/span>yum install <\/span>mongodb-org\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u542f\u52a8\u4f7f\u7528mongod\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>mongod\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
$ <\/span>service mongod start\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8eOSX\uff0c\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u653e\u5728\/data\/db\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u65b9\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n
MongDB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177Mongo Shell = mongo\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u8d77\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u8a71\u578b\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3002
\nJavaScript(\u98a8\u306e\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8)\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
# mongod\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>mongo\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7help\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Tab\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2aSQL\u548cMongo\u7684\u5bf9\u7167\u8868\u5341\u5206\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3002<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u72b6\u6001show <\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5bb9> \u3067DB\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
show<\/span> dbs<\/span>            \/\/ DB\u306e\u4e00\u89a7<\/span>\r\nshow<\/span> collections<\/span>    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u306eDB\u4e2d\u306e\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u4e00\u89a7<\/span>\r\nshow<\/span> users<\/span>          \/\/ \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u306e\u4e00\u89a7<\/span>\r\nshow<\/span> roles<\/span>          \/\/ \u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u4e00\u89a7<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9009\u62e9\/\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u6362\u5e76\u5229\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002
\n\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ DB(somedb)\u3092\u9078\u629e<\/span>\r\nuse<\/span> somedb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\/\u5220\u9664\u96c6\u5408\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528createCollection()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528insert\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u5165\u6587\u6863\u5230\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u96c6\u5408\u4e5f\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5229\u7528\u4e2d\u306eDB\u306b\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3foo\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>createCollection<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>foo<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528drop()\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3foo\u3092\u524a\u9664\r\ndb.foo.drop()\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u585e\u5165\u5728Shell\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cfJavaScript\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ insert\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3092result\u306b\u4ee3\u5165\r\nresult = db.foo.insert({...})\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u63d2\u5165\u4f7f\u7528insert()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728insertOne()\u548cinsertMany()\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b80\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0b\u5c42\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5305\u542b _id\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ abc\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u633f\u5165<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>Alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>file<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>test file<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>text<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>...<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    }<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5bfb\u627e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528find()\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
\n\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728findOne()\u7b49\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u6574\u4f53\u641c\u7d22\u5982\u679c\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5168\u6587\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528find()\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5358\u306bfind\u3059\u308b\u3068\u5168\u4ef6\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6
\n\u5982\u679c\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bf7\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3afind()\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u9805\u76eename\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>Alpha<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u82e5\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5c42\u7ea7\uff0c\u8bf7\u7528\u70b9\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ file.name\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>test file<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5728\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5143\u7d20,<\/p>\n
'<\u914d\u5217\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u30ad\u30fc>.<\u914d\u5217\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u30ad\u30fc>' : '<\u914d\u5217\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306e\u5024>'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/\/ \u5404\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u304c\u3053\u3093\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3057\u3066:<\/span>\r\n\/\/  {<\/span>\r\n\/\/      'list' : [<\/span>\r\n\/\/          {'name' : 'item1', ...}<\/span>\r\n\/\/          {'name' : 'item2', ...}<\/span>\r\n\/\/          {'name' : 'item3', ...}<\/span>\r\n\/\/      ]<\/span>\r\n\/\/  }<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\/\/ list\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3001\u540d\u524d\u304cAlpha\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306f:<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>list.name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>item1<\/span>'<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5982\u679c\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c
\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c<\/p>\n
<\u952e>: { <\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26> : ‘<\u6bd4\u8f83\u503c>’ }<\/p>\n
\/\/ file.sizebytes > 1024<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>file.sizebytes<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> {<\/span> $gt<\/span>:<\/span> 1024<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5e38\u6570\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982$gt\u3002(\u5217\u8868)<\/p>\n
\n
\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u610f\u5473$eq==<\/code>$ne!=<\/code>$lt<<\/code>$lte<=<\/code>$gt><\/code>$gte>=<\/code>$in\u914d\u5217\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b$nin\u914d\u5217\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u5982\u679c\u662fAND\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5217\u4e3e\u6761\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>test file<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728OR\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u5e38\u91cf$or\u3002<\/p>\n
db<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    $or<\/span> :<\/span> [<\/span>\r\n        {<\/span> '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span>        :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>       },<\/span>\r\n        {<\/span> '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span>   :<\/span> '<\/span>test file<\/span>'<\/span>   }<\/span>\r\n    ],<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6(\u8ba1\u6570)\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u60f3\u83b7\u53d6\u4ef6\u6570\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528count()\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ name\u304calpha\u306e\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u4ef6\u6570\u3092\u8fd4\u3059<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>count<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6392\u5e8f
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528find()\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6267\u884csort()\u3002
\n\u6392\u5e8f\u6761\u4ef6\u662f1\u8868\u793a\u5347\u5e8f\uff0c-1\u8868\u793a\u964d\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ serial\u306e\u964d\u9806\u3067\u30bd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>().<\/span>sort<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>serial<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> -<\/span>1<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u641c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6\u3002
\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0eJS\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ name\u304ca\/A\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3058\u307e\u308b\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u691c\u7d22<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span>  :<\/span> \/^<\/span>a<\/span>.<\/span>*<\/span>\/<\/span>i\r\n<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528update()\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709updateOne()\u548cupdateMany()\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b80\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u66f4\u65b0_id\u3002
\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u662f\u4ee5\u6587\u6863\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u65b0<\/p>\n
update(\r\n    <\u691c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6>,\r\n    {\r\n        $set : <\u66f4\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9>,\r\n        $currentData : <\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u523b\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b\u9805\u76ee>,\r\n    },\r\n    {\r\n        multi: <\u5fa9\u6570\u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u6709\u7121>,\r\n    }\r\n)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/\/ name\u304calpha\u306e\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5024\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n\/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u969b\u306bupdated_at\u3092\u73fe\u5728\u6642\u523b\u306b\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        $set<\/span> :<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            \/\/ find()\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30c9\u30c3\u30c8\u533a\u5207\u308a\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n            '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>some filename updated<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n        $currentDate<\/span> :<\/span> {<\/span>\r\n            '<\/span>updated_at<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> true<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        },<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
update(\r\n    <\u691c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6>,\r\n    <\u7f6e\u63db\u3048\u308b\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8>,\r\n)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\/\/ name\u304calpha\u306e\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u3001\u307e\u308b\u3054\u3068\u7f6e\u63db\u3048\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span>\r\n        '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha updated<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n        \/\/ ...<\/span>\r\n    },<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n
remove(\r\n    <\u691c\u7d22\u6761\u4ef6>,\r\n    {\r\n        justOne : <\u524a\u9664\u5bfe\u8c61\u30921\u4ef6\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306ftrue>,\r\n    },\r\n)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u4f20\u9012\u7a7a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5230remove()\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5168\u4ef6\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>remove<\/span>({})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n
\/\/ name\u304calpha\u306e\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u524a\u9664\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>remove<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    '<\/span>name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> '<\/span>alpha<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5173\u4e8eWriteResult()Mongo\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deWriteResult()\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e26\u6709\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002
\n\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
\u30d7\u30ed\u30d1\u30c6\u30a3\u5185\u5bb9nInserted\u633f\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4ef6\u6570nMatched\u66f4\u65b0\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4ef6\u6570nModified\u66f4\u65b0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4ef6\u6570nRemoved\u524a\u9664\u3055\u308c\u305f\u4ef6\u6570<\/p>\n
\u7279\u6b8a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5904\u7406\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n
\u65e5\u671f
\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e5\u671f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3067\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5: Date() \u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        Unix\u30a8\u30dd\u30c3\u30af\u30df\u30ea\u79d2\u3067\u4fdd\u6301\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5: ISODate()\u3092\u4f7f\u3046<\/ul>\n
        \u6ca1\u6709\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u540e\u8005\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\/\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u53d8\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96be\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5173\u4e8e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u4e0a\u9650\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0a\u9650\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ece\u5916\u89c2\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4ee5TB\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u8be5\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8bbe\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528Mongo Shell\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6eDB\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4e2a\u522b\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684RDB\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u6574\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982mongod.conf\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002
        \n\u5982\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528–config\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n
        $ <\/span>mongod --config<\/span> \/path\/to\/mongod.conf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5YAML\u683c\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u7d22\u5f15\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
        Mongo\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u8bbe\u7f6e_id\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u8be5_id\u5206\u914d\u7d22\u5f15\u3002
        \n\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u5177\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d2\u5165\u91cd\u590d\u7684_id\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u6307\u6570\u7684\u521b\u5efa\/\u786e\u8ba4\/\u5220\u9664\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
        \/\/ abc\u30b3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306efile.name\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6607\u9806\u304b\u3064\u30e6\u30cb\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u4f5c\u6210<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>abc<\/span>.<\/span>createIndex<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span>   :<\/span> 1<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> '<\/span>unique<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> true<\/span>   },<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u8a2d\u5b9a\u6e08\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>some<\/span>.<\/span>getIndexes<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\/\/ \u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3092\u524a\u9664<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>some<\/span>.<\/span>dropIndex<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n    {<\/span> '<\/span>file.name<\/span>'<\/span> :<\/span> 1<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u7528\u6237\/\u89d2\u8272\/\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5728Mongo\u4e2d\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u662f\u6309\u7167\u7528\u6237\u548c\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u542f\u52a8Mongo\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n
        use<\/span> admin<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>createUser<\/span>({<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>userAdmin<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    pwd<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>some_password<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    roles<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> {<\/span> role<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>userAdminAnyDatabase<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>admin<\/span>\"<\/span> }<\/span> ]<\/span>\r\n})<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5173\u95ed\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff08mongod\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u542f\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u3002
        \n\u8ba4\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7–auth\u9009\u9879\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
        $ <\/span>mongod --auth<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u4ece\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002
        \n\u9664\u975e\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528auth()\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u63a5\u7d9a\u6642\u306b\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\r\n$ <\/span>mongo -u<\/span> 'userAdmin'<\/span> -p<\/span> 'some_password'<\/span> --authenticationDatabase<\/span> 'admin'<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \/\/ \u63a5\u7d9a\u5f8c\u306b\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>auth<\/span>(<\/span>'<\/span>userAdmin<\/span>'<\/span>,<\/span> '<\/span>some_password<\/span>'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u521b\u5efa\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237
        \n\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528createUser()\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
        db<\/span>.<\/span>createUser<\/span>(<\/span>\r\n  {<\/span>\r\n    user<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>alpha<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    pwd<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>some_password<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span>\r\n    roles<\/span>:<\/span> [<\/span> {<\/span> role<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>readWrite<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>alpha<\/span>\"<\/span> },<\/span>\r\n             {<\/span> role<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>read<\/span>\"<\/span>,<\/span> db<\/span>:<\/span> \"<\/span>bravo<\/span>\"<\/span> }<\/span> ]<\/span>\r\n  }<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5173\u4e8e\u5377\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceMongo\u6807\u51c6\u5185\u7f6e\u89d2\u8272\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u89d2\u8272\u3002
        \n\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u5f85\u529e\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \n
            \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
             <\/p>\n
              \n
            • \n
                \u8a2d\u5b9a\u9805\u76ee\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                 <\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \n
                    \u6697\u53f7\u5316<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    \u901a\u4fe1\u306e\u6697\u53f7\u5316(TLS\/SSL)
                    \n\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u6697\u53f7\u5316<\/p>\n
                    \u30ec\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3
                    \n\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0(\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u30bf\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0)
                    \nAPI\/\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0<\/p>\n
                    \u8bf7\u53c2\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • \n
                        Wikipedia – MongoDB<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        MongoDB(\u516c\u5f0f)<\/p>\n
                        Getting Started with MongoDB (MongoDB Shell Edition)\u00b6<\/p>\n
                        The MongoDB 3.4 Manual<\/p>\n
                        mongo Shell Quick Reference
                        \nData Types in the mongo Shell
                        \nMongoDB CRUD Operations
                        \nReference
                        \nIndexes
                        \nSecurity<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
                        \u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0MongoDB = \u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u6307\u5411\u306eDB \u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8 = \u69cb\u9020\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u3053\u3068 RDB\u306e\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[227],"class_list":["post-29268","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-227"],"yoast_head":"\nMongoDB\u5feb\u67e5\u8868 - Blog - Silicon Cloud<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8eMongoDB\u5feb\u67e5\u8868\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/mongodb\u5feb\u67e5\u8868\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"MongoDB\u5feb\u67e5\u8868\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u5173\u4e8eMongoDB\u5feb\u67e5\u8868\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u7ae0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/mongodb\u5feb\u67e5\u8868\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog - 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