{"id":29264,"date":"2023-07-03T07:10:21","date_gmt":"2024-01-25T05:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T13:13:40","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T05:13:40","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e6%ac%a1%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mongodb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528MongoDB"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u542f\u52a8\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u91cd\u65b0\u8868\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Docker\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fMongoDB\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662fMongo-Express\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u770b\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
version<\/span>:<\/span> '<\/span>3.1'<\/span>\r\n\r\nservices<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n\r\n  mongo<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    image<\/span>:<\/span> mongo<\/span>\r\n    restart<\/span>:<\/span> always<\/span>\r\n    environment<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME<\/span>:<\/span> root<\/span>\r\n      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD<\/span>:<\/span> example<\/span>\r\n\r\n  mongo-express<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n    image<\/span>:<\/span> mongo-express<\/span>\r\n    restart<\/span>:<\/span> always<\/span>\r\n    ports<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      -<\/span> 8081:8081<\/span>\r\n    environment<\/span>:<\/span>\r\n      ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME<\/span>:<\/span> root<\/span>\r\n      ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD<\/span>:<\/span> example<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u6587\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6539\u5199\u4ee5\u4e0b\u82f1\u6587\u53e5\u5b50\uff1a
\nhttps:\/\/hub.docker.com\/_\/mongo<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
docker<\/span>-<\/span>compose<\/span> up<\/span> -<\/span>d<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
MongoDB\u548cMongo Express\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
# docker ps | grep mongo<\/span>\r\nb8f3154dda29<\/span>        mongo<\/span>-<\/span>express<\/span>                               \"tini -- \/docker-ent\u2026\"<\/span>   34<\/span> minutes<\/span> ago<\/span>      Up<\/span> 33<\/span> minutes<\/span>       0.0<\/span>.<\/span>0.0<\/span>:<\/span>8082<\/span>-><\/span>8081<\/span>\/<\/span>tcp<\/span>           mongo_mongo<\/span>-<\/span>express_1<\/span>\r\n06<\/span>e8e28840bb<\/span>        mongo<\/span>                                       \"docker-entrypoint.s\u2026\"<\/span>   35<\/span> minutes<\/span> ago<\/span>      Up<\/span> 33<\/span> minutes<\/span>       27017<\/span>\/<\/span>tcp<\/span>                        mongo_mongo_1<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Mongo-Express \u8499\u6208\u8868\u8fbemongo-express\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0bURL\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a
\nhttp:\/\/localhost:8081\/<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"<\/p>\n
\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63a5\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
# \u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u306b\u5165\u308b<\/span>\r\ndocker<\/span> exec<\/span> -<\/span>it<\/span> mongo_mongo_1<\/span> bash<\/span>\r\n\r\n# cli\u8d77\u52d5<\/span>\r\nroot<\/span>@<\/span>06<\/span>e8e28840bb<\/span>:\/<\/span># mongo -u root -p example<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n...<\/span>\r\n><\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u7528\u6237\u540d\/\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME\/PASSWORD \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528
\n\u6211\u5c06\u8ffd\u8e2a\u795e\u79d8\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6765\u770b\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n
MongoDB\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b
\nhttps:\/\/qiita.com\/saba1024\/items\/f2ad56f2a3ba7aaf8521<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u592a\u60ca\u8bb6\u4e86\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d85\u7ea7\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n
> use study\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e0d\u662f\u5275\u5efa\u55ce\uff01\u53ea\u7528\u201cuse\u201d\u4f86\u5275\u4f5c\u3002\u592a\u68d2\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n
\u6211\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6267\u884cselect\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n
><\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>stats<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> records<\/span> \u767b\u9332<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>({<\/span>name:<\/span>'mr.a'<\/span>,<\/span> age:<\/span>10<\/span>,<\/span> gender:<\/span>'m'<\/span>,<\/span> hobbies:<\/span>[<\/span>'programming'<\/span>]});<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>({<\/span>name:<\/span>'mr.b'<\/span>,<\/span> age:<\/span>20<\/span>,<\/span> gender:<\/span>'m'<\/span>,<\/span> hobbies:<\/span>[<\/span>'vi'<\/span>]});<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>({<\/span>name:<\/span>'ms.c'<\/span>,<\/span> age:<\/span>30<\/span>,<\/span> gender:<\/span>'f'<\/span>,<\/span> hobbies:<\/span>[<\/span>'programming'<\/span>,<\/span> 'vi'<\/span>]});<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>insert<\/span>({<\/span>name:<\/span>'ms.d'<\/span>,<\/span> age:<\/span>40<\/span>,<\/span> gender:<\/span>'f'<\/span>,<\/span> hobbies:<\/span>[<\/span>'cooking'<\/span>]});<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> select<\/span> *<\/span> from<\/span> study<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>()<\/span>\r\n\r\n#<\/span> where<\/span>\u53e5<\/span>\r\n db<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>(<\/span> {<\/span>name:<\/span>'ms.c'<\/span>}<\/span> )<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u914d\u5217<\/span>(<\/span>not<\/span> dict<\/span>)<\/span> \u306f\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u691c\u7d22\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/span>\r\n><\/span> db<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>find<\/span>({<\/span>hobbies:<\/span>'programming'<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"_id\"<\/span> :<\/span> ObjectId<\/span>(<\/span>\"5ee1a837b84ea8cc6e82073f\"<\/span>),<\/span> \"name\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"ms.c\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"age\"<\/span> :<\/span> 30<\/span>,<\/span> \"gender\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"f\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"hobbies\"<\/span> :<\/span> [<\/span> \"programming\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"vi\"<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6
\nMongoDB\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8986\u76d6\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u9677\u9631\u3002\u6781\u5176\u5371\u9669\u7684\u9677\u9631\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u304c<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"name\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"mr.a\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"age\"<\/span> :<\/span> 10<\/span>,<\/span> \"gender\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"m\"<\/span>,<\/span> \"hobbies\"<\/span> :<\/span> [<\/span> \"programming\"<\/span> ]<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n\r\nupdate<\/span>\u3059\u308b\u3068<\/span>\r\ndb<\/span>.<\/span>user<\/span>.<\/span>update<\/span>({<\/span>name<\/span>:'mr.a'<\/span>},<\/span> {<\/span>gender<\/span>:'X'<\/span>})<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u3053\u3046\u306a\u3063\u3061\u3083\u3046<\/span>\r\n{<\/span> \"gender\"<\/span> :<\/span> \"X\"<\/span> }<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
NoSQL\u3042\u308b\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9f\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3001mr.a\u3055\u3093\u306e\u6027\u5225\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u540d\u524d\u304cmr.a\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3092gender:X\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u4e0a\u66f8\u304d\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u611f\u89ba\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u66ff\u63db\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8986\u84cb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3058\u3083\u3042\u3069\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3093\u3060\u3088\u3002\u3002\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a71\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001$set\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fee\u98fe\u5b50\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002
\n\u672c\u6765\u306f\u3001$set\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
> db.user.update({name:'mr.a'}, {$set:{gender:'X'}})\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4e5f\u8bb8\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8eElasticsearch\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u96be\u9053\u6240\u6709\u7684NoSQL\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u66f4\u65b0\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u8ba9\u4eba\u8ba8\u538c\u5462\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\u4e5f\u6709\u9677\u9631\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u6709MongoDB\u6700\u521d\u627e\u5230\u76841\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u3002
\n\u8981\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u66f4\u65b02\u6761\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u76f8\u5173\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7b2c4\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012true\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
> db.user.update({}, {$set:{gender:'X'}}, false, true)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521d\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\u592a\u8fc7\u60ca\u8273\u4e86……<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u63d2\u5165\u636e\u8bf4upsert\u8bed\u53e5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eupdate\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3atrue\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4eba\u9057\u61be\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
> db.counter.update( {type:'error'} ,{$inc:{count:1}}, true)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u5217\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u50cfelasticsearch\u4e00\u6837\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5\u5417\uff1f\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a\u6bd4elasticsearch\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\uff01<\/p>\n
\u5728MongoDB\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4e0e\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08RDBMS\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cMongoDB\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08\u5217\uff09\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u8868\uff09\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6587\u6863\uff08\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u884c\uff09\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\u4fdd\u6301\u5b57\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u55ef\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\uff09\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u771f\u7684\u5417\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6240\u8c13\u7684”\u5217”\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5417\u3002\u592a\u5389\u5bb3\u4e86\uff01\uff01\uff01\uff01<\/p>\n
\u771f\u5f00\u5fc3\uff01\u8981\u8bd5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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