{"id":29141,"date":"2022-09-15T14:10:23","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T10:07:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86nginx%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%batcp%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%ef%bc%8c%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e9%87%91%e4%b8%9d%e9%9b%80%e5%8f%91%e5%b8%83%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T12:17:23","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T04:17:23","slug":"%e5%b0%86nginx%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%batcp%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%ef%bc%8c%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e9%87%91%e4%b8%9d%e9%9b%80%e5%8f%91%e5%b8%83%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e5%b0%86nginx%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%batcp%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e5%9d%87%e8%a1%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%ef%bc%8c%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e9%87%91%e4%b8%9d%e9%9b%80%e5%8f%91%e5%b8%83%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c06Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aTCP\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u9996\u5148\u4e3a\u4e86\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9010\u6b65\u63a8\u51fa\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\u6216\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u90e8\u7f72\uff09\u6765\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7f6e\u4e8e\u9876\u5c42\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u914d\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u914d\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u534f\u4f5c\u8d1f\u62c5\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5c06Nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3aTCP\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff0c\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n

TCP\/UDP \u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aTCP\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528TCP\/UDP\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684Nginx\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u96c6\u6210TCP\/UDP\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u53c2\u8003\u4ece\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6784\u5efaNginx\u7684\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u8bd1\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u9020\u6b65\u9aa4\u4ece\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
cd<\/span> \/usr\/local\/src\r\nsudo <\/span>wget https:\/\/nginx.org\/download\/nginx-1.21.0.tar.gz\r\nsudo tar<\/span> -xf<\/span> nginx-1.21.0.tar.gz\r\ncd <\/span>nginx-1.21.0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u6784\u5efa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n
sudo <\/span>yum install <\/span>gcc\r\nsudo <\/span>yum install <\/span>pcre-devel\r\nsudo <\/span>yum install <\/span>openssl-devel\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884cNginx\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
sudo <\/span>groupadd --system<\/span> nginx\r\nsudo <\/span>useradd --system<\/span> --shell<\/span> \/usr\/sbin\/nologin --gid<\/span> nginx nginx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u9700\u7684\u9009\u9879\u6765\u6784\u5efa Nginx \u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
sudo<\/span> .\/configure \\<\/span>\r\n    --sbin-path<\/span>=<\/span>\/usr\/sbin\/nginx \\<\/span>\r\n    --conf-path<\/span>=<\/span>\/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \\<\/span>\r\n    --pid-path<\/span>=<\/span>\/var\/run\/nginx.pid \\<\/span>\r\n    --error-log-path<\/span>=<\/span>\/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log \\<\/span>\r\n    --http-log-path<\/span>=<\/span>\/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log \\<\/span>\r\n    --user<\/span>=<\/span>nginx \\<\/span>\r\n    --group<\/span>=<\/span>nginx \\<\/span>\r\n    --with-stream<\/span>\r\n\r\nsudo <\/span>make\r\nsudo <\/span>make install<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aTCP\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u672c\u6b21\u53ea\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5c06TCP\/UDP\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u5305\u542b\u8fdb\u53bb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>.\/configure --help<\/span> | grep <\/span>with-stream\r\n  --with-stream<\/span>                      enable <\/span>TCP\/UDP proxy module\r\n  --with-stream<\/span>=<\/span>dynamic              enable <\/span>dynamic TCP\/UDP proxy module\r\n  --with-stream_ssl_module<\/span>           enable <\/span>ngx_stream_ssl_module\r\n  --with-stream_realip_module<\/span>        enable <\/span>ngx_stream_realip_module\r\n  --with-stream_geoip_module<\/span>         enable <\/span>ngx_stream_geoip_module\r\n  --with-stream_geoip_module<\/span>=<\/span>dynamic enable <\/span>dynamic ngx_stream_geoip_module\r\n  --with-stream_ssl_preread_module<\/span>   enable <\/span>ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53c2\u8003NGINX\u7684systemd\u670d\u52a1\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u81ea\u5df1\u51c6\u5907systemd\u7684Unit\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
cat<\/span> <<<\/span> EOF<\/span> | sudo tee \/lib\/systemd\/system\/nginx.service\r\n[Unit]\r\nDescription=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server\r\nAfter=syslog.target network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target\r\nWants=network-online.target\r\n\r\n[Service]\r\nType=forking\r\nPIDFile=\/var\/run\/nginx.pid\r\nExecStartPre=\/usr\/sbin\/nginx -t\r\nExecStart=\/usr\/sbin\/nginx\r\nExecReload=\/usr\/sbin\/nginx -s reload\r\nExecStop=\/bin\/kill -s QUIT <\/span>\\$<\/span>MAINPID\r\nPrivateTmp=true\r\n\r\n[Install]\r\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\r\n<\/span>EOF\r\n<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5ba2\u6237\u6a21\u5757\u5206\u5272\u8981\u5728Nginx\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Split Clients\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4e0eTCP\/UDP\u4ee3\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cSplit Clients\u6a21\u5757\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5df2\u5d4c\u5165\u5230Nginx\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u9700\u81ea\u884c\u6784\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5206\u5272\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528MurmurHash2\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7531\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u652f\u6301\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u8be5\u503c\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u503c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u597d\u6307\u5b9a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a$remote_addr\u3002<\/p>\n
split_clients<\/span> \"${remote_addr}\"<\/span> $variant<\/span> {\r\n    10<\/span>%    one<\/span>;\r\n    20<\/span>%    two<\/span>;\r\n    *      other<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5c0f\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u201cSplit Clients Module\u201d\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u201cmap\u201d\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u53d7\u76ca\u826f\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b
\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c0630%\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9version1\u7ec4\uff08192.168.100.10\u3001192.168.100.11\u3001192.168.100.12\uff09\uff0c\u5c0670%\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9version2\u7ec4\uff08192.168.100.20\u3001192.168.100.21\u3001192.168.100.22\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
user<\/span>  nginx<\/span>;\r\nworker_processes<\/span>  auto<\/span>;\r\n\r\nerror_log<\/span>  \/var<\/span>\/log<\/span>\/nginx<\/span>\/error<\/span>.log<\/span> warn<\/span>;\r\npid<\/span>        \/var<\/span>\/run<\/span>\/nginx<\/span>.pid<\/span>;\r\n\r\nevents<\/span> {\r\n    worker_connections<\/span>  1024<\/span>;\r\n}\r\n\r\nstream<\/span> {\r\n    log_format<\/span> basic<\/span> '[$time_local] $remote_addr:$remote_port -> $upstream_addr '<\/span>\r\n                 '$protocol $status $bytes_sent $bytes_received '<\/span>\r\n                 '$session_time'<\/span>;\r\n\r\n    access_log<\/span> \/var<\/span>\/log<\/span>\/nginx<\/span>\/access<\/span>.log<\/span> basic<\/span>;\r\n\r\n    split_clients<\/span> $remote_addr<\/span>:$remote_port<\/span> $upstream<\/span> {\r\n        30<\/span>% version1<\/span>;\r\n        *  version2<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    upstream<\/span> version1<\/span> {\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.10<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.11<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.12<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n    upstream<\/span> version2<\/span> {\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.20<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.21<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n        server<\/span> 192<\/span>.168<\/span>.100<\/span>.22<\/span>:8080<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n    server<\/span> {\r\n        listen<\/span> 8080<\/span>;\r\n        proxy_pass<\/span> $upstream<\/span>;\r\n    }\r\n}\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u8003\u4e86 ngx_stream_log_module \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u91cf\u5df2\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/stream\/ngx_stream_core_module.html#variables<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
       <\/p>\n
        https:\/\/nginx.org\/en\/docs\/stream\/ngx_stream_upstream_module.html#variables<\/ul>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8Nginx\u3002<\/p>\n
        sudo <\/span>systemctl daemon-reload\r\nsudo <\/span>systemctl enable <\/span>nginx\r\nsudo <\/span>systemctl start nginx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u53ea\u8981\u4ece\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e2d\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230Nginx\uff0c\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5ea6\u91cf\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u6548\u679c\u6765\u9010\u6e10\u8c03\u6574\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u6700\u540e\u672c\u6b21\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5c06Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3aTCP\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5c0f\u4f17\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u611f\u5230\u5e78\u8fd0\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \n
            https:\/\/www.nginx.com\/blog\/nginx-and-devops-methodologies-go-hand-in-hand\/<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
             <\/p>\n
              \n
            • \n
                https:\/\/www.digitalocean.com\/community\/tutorials\/how-to-target-your-users-with-nginx-analytics-and-a-b-testing<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                 <\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \n
                    https:\/\/docs.nginx.com\/nginx\/admin-guide\/load-balancer\/tcp-udp-load-balancer\/<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                     <\/p>\n
                      https:\/\/engineering.mercari.com\/blog\/entry\/2016-08-17-170114\/<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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