{"id":28657,"date":"2023-02-24T10:13:42","date_gmt":"2023-04-25T18:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bb%8e%e4%ba%8b%e5%89%8d%e5%87%86%e5%a4%87%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8crails-6%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%ef%bc%88%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mariadb%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T09:24:03","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T01:24:03","slug":"%e4%bb%8e%e4%ba%8b%e5%89%8d%e5%87%86%e5%a4%87%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8crails-6%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%ef%bc%88%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mariadb%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bb%8e%e4%ba%8b%e5%89%8d%e5%87%86%e5%a4%87%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8crails-6%e7%9a%84%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%ef%bc%88%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8mariadb%e7%89%88%e6%9c%ac%ef%bc%89%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ece\u4e8b\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884cRails 6\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff08\u4f7f\u7528MariaDB\u7248\u672c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e8b\u524d\u51c6\u5907<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u53ef\u4e0eMySQL\u4e92\u6362\u7684MariaDB\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>brew install <\/span>mariadb\r\n$ <\/span>brew services start mariadb\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u5982\u679cMariaDB\u65e0\u6cd5\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u8bf7\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
$ sudo mysql -u root\r\nERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '\/tmp\/mysql.sock'\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u4e0eMariaDB\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n
(\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u4e0e MariaDB \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u3002)<\/p>\n
$ <\/span>brew services stop mariadb\r\n$ <\/span>brew uninstall mariadb\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/mysql\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/Library\/StartupItems\/MYSQL\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/Library\/PreferencePanes\/MySQL.prefPane\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/Library\/Receipts\/mysql-.pkg\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/Cellar\/mysql*<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/bin\/mysql*<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/var\/mysql*<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/etc\/my.cnf\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/share\/mysql*<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>sudo rm<\/span> -rf<\/span> \/usr\/local\/opt\/mysql*<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>brew install <\/span>mariadb\r\n$ <\/span>brew services start mariadb\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ed9\u4e88\u5b8c\u5168\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
      \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u540d: myuser<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9: pass<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>sudo <\/span>mysql -u<\/span> root\r\nMariaDB [(<\/span>none)]><\/span> use mysql;<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]>  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *<\/span>.*<\/span> TO myuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'pass'<\/span> WITH GRANT OPTION;<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> flush privileges;<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> select <\/span>Host,User from user;<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> quit\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5b89\u88c51.2\u7248\u672c\u7684Yarn\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 Rails \u4e2d\u7684 webpacker \u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 yarn\u3002
      \n\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3 node \u548c yarn \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u7ba1\u7406 Node \u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 nodenv\u3002<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>brew install <\/span>nodenv\r\n$ <\/span>echo<\/span> 'eval \"$(nodenv init -)\"'<\/span> >><\/span> ~\/.zprofile\r\n$ <\/span>exec<\/span> $SHELL<\/span> -l<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>nodenv install<\/span> --list<\/span>\r\n$ <\/span>nodenv install <\/span>12.10.0\r\n$ <\/span>nodenv global 12.10.0\r\n$ <\/span>npm install<\/span> -g<\/span> yarn\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      2. \u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u7403\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5 Rails\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u539f\u6709\u7684 Ruby\u3002\u5728\u6267\u884c”gem install rails”\u540e\uff0crails\u5c06\u88ab\u5b89\u88c5\u5728”~\/.rbenv\/versions\/2.5.1\/lib\/ruby\/gems\/2.6.4\/gems”\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u53ea\u5728\u6267\u884c”rails new”\u65f6\u624d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u5168\u5c40\u5b89\u88c5\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u591a\u4f59\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5b89\u88c5 rbenv<\/p>\n
      $ brew install rbenv\r\n$ echo 'eval \"$(rbenv init -)\"' >> ~\/.zprofile\r\n$ exec $SHELL -l\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528 rbenv \u5b89\u88c5 Ruby<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>rbenv install <\/span>2.6.4\r\n$ <\/span>rbenv global 2.6.4\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5b89\u88c5Bundler<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>gem install <\/span>bundler\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>mkdir <\/span>report_app\r\n$ <\/span>cd <\/span>report_app\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5c06.ruby-version\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 rbenv \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u81ea\u52a8\u5207\u6362 Ruby \u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
      2.6.4\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u521b\u5efa Gemfile<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>bundle init\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u7f16\u8f91 Gemfile \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c06 rails \u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u53bb\u6389<\/p>\n
      # gem \"rails\" \u2190 \u524a\u9664\r\ngem \"rails\", \"6.0.0\" \u2190 \u8ffd\u52a0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5b9d\u77f3\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>bundle install<\/span> --path<\/span> vendor\/bundle\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aRails\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n
      $ <\/span>bundle exec <\/span>rails new .<\/span> -d<\/span> mysql --skip-sprockets<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u203b \u4f7f\u7528 –skip-sprockets \u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 Sprockets\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 Webpacker \u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002
      \n\u6267\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u8986\u76d6 Gemfile \u7684\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u662f\uff08Yes\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5982\u679c\u5728\u6267\u884cbundle install\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0gem mysql2\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u8bf7\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
          \u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eopenssl\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
           <\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
              $ brew install openssl<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
               <\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \n
                  $ which openssl<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                   <\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \n
                      \/usr\/bin\/openssl \u2190 \u8def\u5f84\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                       <\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. \n
                          $ echo ‘export PATH=\/usr\/local\/opt\/openssl\/bin:$PATH’ >> ~\/.zprofile<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                           <\/p>\n
                            \n
                          1. \n
                              $ exec $SHELL -l<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                               <\/p>\n
                                \n
                              1. \n
                                  $ which openssl<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                   <\/p>\n
                                    \n
                                  1. \n
                                      \/usr\/local\/opt\/openssl\/bin\/openssl<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      \u5411bundle\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bbe\u7f6e
                                      \n$ bundle config –local build.mysql2 –with-opt-dir=”$(brew –prefix openssl)”<\/p>\n
                                      \u518d\u6b21\u8fdb\u884cbundle\u5b89\u88c5
                                      \n$ bundle<\/p>\n
                                      ```\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      3. \u5b89\u88c5Webpacker\u3002<\/p>\n
                                      $ <\/span>bin\/rails webpacker:install\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      4. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 database.yml\u8bf7\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f16\u8f91 config\/database.yml \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
                                        username<\/span>:<\/span> myuser<\/span>\r\n  password<\/span>:<\/span> pass<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      5. Rails \u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n
                                      $ <\/span>bin\/rails db:create\r\n$ <\/span>bin\/rails s\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                      6. \u542f\u52a8\u786e\u8ba4\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5730\u5740\u680f\u8f93\u5165\u201clocalhost:3000\u201d\u5e76\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n
                                      \u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5b9a<\/p>\n
                                      Webpacker\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \n
                                          \u5220\u9664 app\/assets<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          \u5c06 layout\/application.html.erb \u4e2d\u7684 stylesheet_link_tag \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a stylesheet_pack_tag<\/p>\n
                                          \u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u5c4f\u5e55\u95ea\u70c1\uff0c\u5c06 config\/webpacker.yml \u4e2d\u7684 extract_css \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a true<\/p>\n
                                          \u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 Webpacker\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5220\u9664 Sprockets \u7684\u76ee\u5f55 app\/assets<\/p>\n
                                          \u7981\u7528 Turbolinks\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6JS\u5e93\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u7981\u7528turbolinks\u3002<\/p>\n
                                            \n
                                          1. \n
                                              \u522a\u9664 Gemfile \u4e2d\u7684 tarbolinks<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                              \u522a\u9664 app\/javascript\/packs\/application.js \u4e2d\u7684 require(“turbolinks”).start()<\/p>\n
                                              \u522a\u9664 app\/views\/layouts\/application.html.haml \u4e2d\u7684 data-turbolinks-track<\/p>\n
                                              \u522a\u9664 package.json \u4e2d\u7684 turbolinks<\/p>\n
                                              \u7626\u8eab\u5f15\u5165<\/p>\n
                                                \n
                                              1. \n
                                                  \u5728Gemfile\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0`gem ‘slim-rails’`<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                   <\/p>\n
                                                    \n
                                                  1. \n
                                                      \u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u7684erb\u6587\u4ef6\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aslim<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                       <\/p>\n
                                                        \u6765\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/qiita.com\/mocchicc\/items\/abab4cdfac7b542742a6<\/ol>\n
                                                        RSpec\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n
                                                          \n
                                                        1. \n
                                                            Gemfile\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                            group :development do
                                                            \ngem ‘factory_bot_rails’
                                                            \nend<\/p>\n
                                                            group :test do
                                                            \ngem ‘rspec-rails’, ‘~> 4.0.0.beta2’
                                                            \ngem ‘rails-controller-testing’
                                                            \nend<\/p>\n
                                                            \u751f\u6210rspec\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                            $ bin\/rails generate rspec:install<\/p>\n
                                                            \u751f\u6210bin\/rspec\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                            $ bundle binstubs rspec-core<\/p>\n
                                                            \u4fee\u6539rspec\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                            \u5728rails_helper.rb\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n
                                                            # \u8ba9 FactoryBot.create \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 create \u6765\u8c03\u7528
                                                            \nconfig.include FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods<\/p>\n
                                                            # \u8bbe\u7f6e rspec3.3 \u7684 aggregate_failures \u9009\u9879\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u9879
                                                            \nconfig.define_derived_metadata do |meta|
                                                            \nmeta[:aggregate_failures] = true unless meta.key?(:aggregate_failures)
                                                            \nend<\/p>\n
                                                            # \u53ea\u8fd0\u884c\u5e26\u6709 focus \u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5
                                                            \nconfig.filter_run_when_matching :focus<\/p>\n
                                                            \u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Rspec\uff0c\u5220\u9664Minitest\u7684\u76ee\u5f55test\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                            \u4f7fRails\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbfRails Console \u3084 \u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u3092\u4fbf\u5229\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e gem \u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
                                                            Gemfile
                                                            \ngroup :development, :test do
                                                            \ngem ‘awesome_print’
                                                            \ngem ‘pry-byebug’
                                                            \ngem ‘pry-rails’
                                                            \nend<\/p>\n
                                                            .pryrc \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
                                                            Rails\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306eroot\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b.pryrc\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u914d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3051\u3070\u30c7\u30d0\u30c3\u30b0\u4e2d\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30a8\u30a4\u30ea\u30a2\u30b9\u304c\u8cbc\u308c\u308b<\/p>\n
                                                            .pryrc
                                                            \nif defined?(PryByebug)
                                                            \nPry.commands.alias_command ‘c’, ‘continue’
                                                            \nPry.commands.alias_command ‘s’, ‘step’
                                                            \nPry.commands.alias_command ‘n’, ‘next’
                                                            \nPry.commands.alias_command ‘f’, ‘finish’
                                                            \nend<\/p>\n
                                                            \u57fa\u672c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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