{"id":28543,"date":"2023-01-26T00:48:35","date_gmt":"2022-11-09T06:58:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e5%b0%86excel%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e5%88%b0%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e4%b8%ad\/"},"modified":"2025-08-12T08:45:34","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T00:45:34","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e5%b0%86excel%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e5%88%b0%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e4%b8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e5%b0%86excel%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e5%88%b0%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e4%b8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5c06Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u603b\u7ed3\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5bf9Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u5c06\u6765\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230Slack\u7279\u5b9a\u9891\u9053\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6211\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0b\u8ff0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n
pip install <\/span>xlrd #Excel\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea<\/span>\r\nsudo <\/span>apt-get install <\/span>mariadb-server-10.0 #mysqlDB\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/span>\r\napt-get install <\/span>python-mysqldb #mysqldb\u63a5\u7d9a\u7528\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u8ba4Mysql\u8fde\u63a5\u7531\u4e8e\u6700\u521d\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528Root\u8d26\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ <\/span>sudo <\/span>mysql -uroot<\/span>\r\nWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 44\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [(<\/span>none)]><\/span> quit\r\nBye\r\npi@raspberrypi:~ $ <\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Mysql\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8d26\u53f7\u3002\u6211\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8d26\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ <\/span>sudo <\/span>mysql -uroot<\/span>\r\nWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 45\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [(<\/span>none)]><\/span> create database excel;<\/span>\r\nQuery OK, 1 row affected (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [(<\/span>none)]><\/span> create user 'pyxls'<\/span>@'localhost'<\/span> identified by 'pyxls'<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [(<\/span>none)]><\/span> grant all on excel.*<\/span> to pyxls@localhost;<\/span>\r\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> flush privileges;<\/span>\r\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> quit\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f51\u7ad9\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u6307\u4ee4\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u4f7f\u7528CREATE DATABASE\u8bed\u53e5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\uff08CREATE USER\u547d\u4ee4\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\uff08GRANT\u8bed\u53e5\uff09<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002
\n\u3010\u5173\u4e8e\u9009\u9879\u3011
\n-u \u9009\u9879\u8f93\u5165\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7528\u6237ID\u3002
\n-p \u9009\u9879\u4e3a\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u3002
\n*\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6237ID\u540e\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u3002
\nexcel\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\u3002
\n-h \u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3b\u673a\u4ee5IP\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ <\/span>mysql -upyxls<\/span> -p<\/span> excel\r\nEnter password: \r\nWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 46\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> \r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7Python\u4ee3\u7801\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\n\u5c06\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728pydb.py\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python<\/span>\r\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-<\/span>\r\nimport MySQLdb\r\n\r\n# \u63a5\u7d9a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nconn =<\/span> MySQLdb.connect(<\/span>\r\nuser<\/span>=<\/span>'pyxls'<\/span>,\r\npasswd<\/span>=<\/span>'pyxls'<\/span>,\r\nhost<\/span>=<\/span>'localhost'<\/span>,\r\ndb<\/span>=<\/span>'excel'<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30ab\u30fc\u30bd\u30eb\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\ncur =<\/span> conn.cursor()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# SQL\uff08\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u64cd\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\uff09\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n# database\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059<\/span>\r\nsql =<\/span> \"show databases\"<\/span>\r\ncur.execute(<\/span>sql)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u5b9f\u884c\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nrows =<\/span> cur.fetchall()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u4e00\u884c\u305a\u3064\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nfor <\/span>row in <\/span>rows:\r\n    print(<\/span>row)<\/span>\r\n\r\ncur.close\r\nconn.close\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f51\u7ad9\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6837\u672c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u7528Python\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u5c06Excel\u6570\u636e\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u521b\u5efaExcel\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u201cexcel.xlsx\u201d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002
\n\u6211\u5c06\u5728\u6811\u8393\u6d3e\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528Libre Office\u8fdb\u884c\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n
\"image.png\"
\n2. \u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u683c\u5e76\u5b58\u5165DB\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
create table userlist(<\/span>\r\nname varchar(<\/span>50)<\/span>,\r\ngender varchar(<\/span>10)<\/span>,\r\ntel varchar(<\/span>20)<\/span>\r\n)<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0SQL\u7684\u754c\u9762\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u3002
\n*\u9996\u5148\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Mysql\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 52\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> create table userlist(<\/span>\r\n    -> name varchar(<\/span>50)<\/span>,\r\n    -> gender varchar(<\/span>10)<\/span>,\r\n    -> tel varchar(<\/span>20)<\/span>\r\n    -> )<\/span>;<\/span>\r\nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (<\/span>0.05 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8bf7\u521b\u5efa\u4ee5\u4e0bPython\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3apyxls.py\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
#!\/usr\/bin\/python<\/span>\r\n# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-<\/span>\r\nimport xlrd\r\nimport sys\r\nimport MySQLdb\r\n\r\n# \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d6\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u958b\u304d\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\nbook =<\/span> xlrd.open_workbook(<\/span>\"excel.xlsx\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\nsheet =<\/span> book.sheet_by_name(<\/span>\"Sheet1\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# Mysql\u3078\u63a5\u7d9a<\/span>\r\ndatabase =<\/span> MySQLdb.connect (<\/span>host<\/span>=<\/span>\"localhost\"<\/span>, user =<\/span> \"pyxls\"<\/span>, passwd =<\/span> \"pyxls\"<\/span>, db =<\/span> \"excel\"<\/span>, charset<\/span>=<\/span>\"utf8\"<\/span>)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30921\u884c\u305a\u3064\u8d70\u67fb\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30ab\u30fc\u30bd\u30eb\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\ncursor =<\/span> database.cursor()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# INSERT INTO SQL\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\nquery =<\/span> \"\"\"INSERT INTO userlist (name, gender, tel) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)\"\"\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n# XLSX\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u5404\u884c\u3092\u53cd\u5fa9\u3059\u308bFor\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u30012\u884c\u76ee\u304b\u3089\u30d8\u30c3\u30c0\u30fc\u3092\u30b9\u30ad\u30c3\u30d7\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\nfor <\/span>r in <\/span>range(<\/span>1, sheet.nrows)<\/span>:\r\n    name =<\/span> sheet.cell(<\/span>r,0)<\/span>.value \r\n    gender =<\/span> sheet.cell(<\/span>r,1)<\/span>.value\r\n    tel =<\/span> sheet.cell(<\/span>r,2)<\/span>.value\r\n\r\n    # \u5404\u884c\u304b\u3089\u5024\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u308b<\/span>\r\n    values =<\/span> (<\/span>name, gender, tel)<\/span>\r\n\r\n    # SQL\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b<\/span>\r\n    cursor.execute(<\/span>query, values)<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30ab\u30fc\u30bd\u30eb\u3092\u9589\u3058\u308b<\/span>\r\ncursor.close()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u30b3\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\ndatabase.commit()<\/span>\r\n\r\n# \u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u9589\u3058\u307e\u3059<\/span>\r\ndatabase.close()<\/span>\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u66f4\u6539MySQL\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801
\n\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
pi@raspberrypi:~\/work $ <\/span>sudo <\/span>vi \/etc\/mysql\/mariadb.conf.d\/50-server.cnf\r\n...\r\n# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon<\/span>\r\n[<\/span>mysqld]\r\ncharacter-set-server =<\/span> utf8 # \u3053\u3053\u306e\u884c\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\n...\r\n# \u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067DB\u3092\u518d\u8d77\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\npi@raspberrypi:~\/work $ <\/span>sudo<\/span> \/etc\/init.d\/mysql restart\r\n[<\/span> ok ]<\/span> Restarting mysql (<\/span>via systemctl)<\/span>: mysql.service.\r\n\r\n# DB\u3078\u63a5\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\npi@raspberrypi:~\/work $ <\/span>mysql -upyxls<\/span> -p<\/span> excel\r\nEnter password: \r\nReading table information for <\/span>completion of table and column names\r\nYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A<\/span>\r\n\r\nWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 32\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> status\r\n--------------<\/span>\r\nmysql  Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.0.28-MariaDB, for <\/span>debian-linux-gnueabihf (<\/span>armv7l)<\/span> using readline 5.2\r\n\r\nConnection id<\/span>:      32\r\nCurrent database:   excel\r\nCurrent user:       pyxls@localhost\r\nSSL:            Not in <\/span>use\r\nCurrent pager:      stdout\r\nUsing outfile:      ''<\/span>\r\nUsing delimiter:    ;<\/span>\r\nServer:         MariaDB\r\nServer version:     10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\nProtocol version:   10\r\nConnection:     Localhost via UNIX socket\r\nServer characterset:    utf8mb4\r\nDb     characterset:    utf8mb4\r\nClient characterset:    utf8mb4\r\nConn.  characterset:    utf8mb4\r\nUNIX socket:        \/var\/run\/mysqld\/mysqld.sock\r\nUptime:         1 min 4 sec\r\n\r\nThreads: 1  Questions: 94  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 15  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 78  Queries per second avg: 1.468\r\n--------------<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>mysql]> quit\r\nBye\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n
pi@raspberrypi:~\/work $ <\/span>python pyxls.py\r\n\r\n# \u767b\u9332\u3055\u308c\u305fDB\u306e\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>\r\npi@raspberrypi:~\/work $ <\/span>mysql -upyxls<\/span> -p<\/span> -hlocalhost<\/span> excel\r\nEnter password: \r\nReading table information for <\/span>completion of table and column names\r\nYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A<\/span>\r\n\r\nWelcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ;<\/span> or \\g<\/span>.<\/span>\r\nYour MariaDB connection id <\/span>is 33\r\nServer version: 10.0.28-MariaDB-2+b1 Raspbian testing-staging\r\n\r\nCopyright (<\/span>c)<\/span> 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.\r\n\r\nType 'help;'<\/span> or '\\h'<\/span> for <\/span>help. Type '\\c'<\/span> to clear the current input statement.\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> show tables;<\/span>\r\n+-----------------+\r\n| Tables_in_excel |\r\n+-----------------+\r\n| userlist        |\r\n+-----------------+\r\n1 row in <\/span>set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> select<\/span> *<\/span> from userlist;<\/span>\r\n+----------+----------+-----------------+\r\n| name     | gender   | tel             |\r\n+----------+----------+-----------------+\r\n|  \u7530\u4e2d    |  \u7537\u6027    |  111-111-1111   |\r\n|  \u91d1\u6ca2    |  \u7537\u6027    |  222-222-2222   |\r\n|  \u9234\u6728    |  \u7537\u6027    |  333-333-3333   |\r\n|  \u9577\u6fa4    |  \u5973\u6027    |  444-4444-4444  |\r\n|  \u6238\u7530    |  \u5973\u6027    |  555-555-5555   |\r\n+----------+----------+-----------------+\r\n5 rows in <\/span>set<\/span> (<\/span>0.00 sec)<\/span>\r\n\r\nMariaDB [<\/span>excel]> \r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7ed3\u675f\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u8fd8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u73af\u5883\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u957f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662fPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002
\n\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u6ce8\u518c\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u611f\u8c22\u60a8\u4e00\u76f4\u9605\u8bfb\u5230\u6700\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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