{"id":26381,"date":"2023-02-13T10:41:39","date_gmt":"2022-12-27T15:14:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/centos7%e3%80%81stream-8%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%e3%80%82\/"},"modified":"2025-08-11T20:54:34","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T12:54:34","slug":"centos7%e3%80%81stream-8%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%e3%80%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/centos7%e3%80%81stream-8%e7%9a%84%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e5%a4%87%e5%bf%98%e5%bd%95%e3%80%82\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS7\u3001Stream 8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u4e8eCentOS 7\u548cStream 8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">CentOS 7 \/ Stream 8 (x86_64)<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7: Minimal Install<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u6642\u306e\u30ad\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7: Japanese \u3092\u9078\u629e<\/ul>\n<p>\u7ea2\u5e3d\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7 Linux\uff08RHEL\uff09\u7684\u6587\u6863\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">CentOS 7 : Product Documentation for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>CentOS 8\/Stream 8 : Product Documentation for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u672c\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u8003Red Hat Enterprise Linux\uff08RHEL\uff09\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>\u57fa\u672c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u5907\u5fd8\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u67e5 \/etc\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684 *-release \u6587\u4ef6\u548c *-version \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[CentOS 7\/Stream 8 \u5171\u901a]\r\n$ ls -l \/etc\/*release\r\n-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 37 Nov 24  2020 \/etc\/centos-release\r\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Aug 22 23:36 \/etc\/os-release -&gt; ..\/usr\/lib\/os-release\r\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Aug 22 23:36 \/etc\/redhat-release -&gt; centos-release\r\nlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Aug 22 23:36 \/etc\/system-release -&gt; centos-release\r\n\r\n$ ls -l \/etc\/*version\r\n\r\n[\u4fdd\u6709\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8: CentOS 7]\r\n$ rpm -qf \/usr\/lib\/os-release\r\ncentos-release-7-9.2009.1.el7.centos.x86_64\r\n\r\n$ rpm -qf \/etc\/centos-release\r\ncentos-release-7-9.2009.1.el7.centos.x86_64\r\n\r\n[\u4fdd\u6709\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8: CentOS Stream 8]\r\n$ rpm -qf \/usr\/lib\/os-release\r\ncentos-stream-release-8.5-3.el8.noarch\r\n\r\n$ rpm -qf \/etc\/centos-release\r\ncentos-stream-release-8.5-3.el8.noarch\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>CentOS 7\/Stream 8 \u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u4f8b: CentOS 7 : \/etc\/centos-release]\r\n$ cat \/etc\/centos-release\r\nCentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)\r\n\r\n[\u4f8b: CentOS 7 : \/etc\/os-release]\r\n$ cat \/etc\/os-release\r\nNAME=\"CentOS Linux\"\r\nVERSION=\"7 (Core)\"\r\nID=\"centos\"\r\nID_LIKE=\"rhel fedora\"\r\nVERSION_ID=\"7\"\r\nPRETTY_NAME=\"CentOS Linux 7 (Core)\"\r\nANSI_COLOR=\"0;31\"\r\nCPE_NAME=\"cpe:\/o:centos:centos:7\"\r\nHOME_URL=\"https:\/\/www.centos.org\/\"\r\nBUG_REPORT_URL=\"https:\/\/bugs.centos.org\/\"\r\n\r\nCENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT=\"CentOS-7\"\r\nCENTOS_MANTISBT_PROJECT_VERSION=\"7\"\r\nREDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT=\"centos\"\r\nREDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=\"7\"\r\n\r\n[\u4f8b: CentOS Stream 8 : \/etc\/centos-release]\r\n$ cat \/etc\/centos-release\r\nCentOS Stream release 8\r\n\r\n[\u4f8b: CentOS Stream 8 : \/etc\/os-release]\r\n$ cat \/etc\/os-release\r\nNAME=\"CentOS Stream\"\r\nVERSION=\"8\"\r\nID=\"centos\"\r\nID_LIKE=\"rhel fedora\"\r\nVERSION_ID=\"8\"\r\nPLATFORM_ID=\"platform:el8\"\r\nPRETTY_NAME=\"CentOS Stream 8\"\r\nANSI_COLOR=\"0;31\"\r\nCPE_NAME=\"cpe:\/o:centos:centos:8\"\r\nHOME_URL=\"https:\/\/centos.org\/\"\r\nBUG_REPORT_URL=\"https:\/\/bugzilla.redhat.com\/\"\r\nREDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT=\"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8\"\r\nREDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=\"CentOS Stream\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u201c\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u201d<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u306e\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9, \u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b, 1.1. \u74b0\u5883\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9, \u7b2c6\u7ae0 \u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u69cb\u6210, \u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u74b0\u5883\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u5909\u66f4<\/p>\n<h3>\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ man 1 date\r\n\r\n$ date\r\nTue Aug 24 16:33:53 JST 2021\r\n\r\n$ man 1 timedatectl\r\n\r\n$ timedatectl\r\n      Local time: Tue 2021-08-24 16:33:42 JST\r\n  Universal time: Tue 2021-08-24 07:33:42 UTC\r\n        RTC time: Mon 2021-08-23 20:29:03\r\n       Time zone: Asia\/Tokyo (JST, +0900)\r\n     NTP enabled: yes\r\nNTP synchronized: yes\r\n RTC in local TZ: no\r\n      DST active: n\/a\r\n\r\n\u203b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f sudo timedatectl ...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u672c\u5730\u73af\u5883\uff08\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u952e\u76d8\u5e03\u5c40\uff09<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ man 1 localectl\r\n\r\n$ localectl\r\n   System Locale: LANG=en_US.UTF-8\r\n       VC Keymap: jp\r\n      X11 Layout: jp\r\n\r\n\u203b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f sudo localectl ...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">man 1 hostnamectl<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>pretty hostname<\/p>\n<p>\u8a18\u53f7\u306a\u3069\u542b\u3080\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d<br \/>\n\u4f8b: Lennart&#8217;s Laptop<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5148: \/etc\/machine-info (\u672a\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\uff1f)<br \/>\nsee: man 5 machine-info<\/p>\n<p>static hostname<\/p>\n<p>\u8d77\u52d5\u6642\u306b\u521d\u671f\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308bkernel\u7528\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d<br \/>\n\u4f8b: lennarts-laptop<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5148: \/etc\/hostname<\/p>\n<p>see man 5 hostname<\/p>\n<p>transient hostname<\/p>\n<p>DHCP\u306a\u3069\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d<br \/>\nstatic hostname\u304c\u4f7f\u3048\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306efallback\u7528<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ man 1 hostnamectl\r\n\r\n$ hostnamectl\r\n   Static hostname: centos-7-t01.localdomain\r\n         Icon name: computer-vm\r\n           Chassis: vm\r\n        Machine ID: 6a6bc562612f0247bc92fcfb812ee614\r\n           Boot ID: a9f7f9a98f71499cb5c78dc8e43d9113\r\n    Virtualization: kvm\r\n  Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)\r\n       CPE OS Name: cpe:\/o:centos:centos:7\r\n            Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.36.2.el7.x86_64\r\n      Architecture: x86-64\r\n\r\n\u203b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u66f4\u65b0\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306f sudo hostnamectl ...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>NTP\uff08chrony\uff09\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u72b6\u6001<br \/>\nCentOS 7\/Stream 8 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528 chrony \u4f5c\u4e3a NTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">man\u30da\u30fc\u30b8<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>man 5 chrony.conf : \/etc\/chrony.conf \u8a2d\u5b9a\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb<\/p>\n<p>man 8 chronyd : NTP\u30c7\u30fc\u30e2\u30f3<\/p>\n<p>man 1 chronyc : NTP\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30c8<\/p>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u306e\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c18\u7ae0 chrony \u30b9\u30a4\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f NTP \u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n18.3.5. chrony \u306e\u540c\u671f\u78ba\u8a8d<br \/>\n18.3.5.2. chrony \u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d<br \/>\n18.3.6. \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30af\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u624b\u52d5\u8abf\u6574<\/p>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u69cb\u6210<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c30\u7ae0 chrony \u30b9\u30a4\u30fc\u30c8\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f NTP \u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u7b2c32\u7ae0 chrony \u306e\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\n32.2. chrony \u306e\u540c\u671f\u78ba\u8a8d<br \/>\n32.3. \u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30af\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u624b\u52d5\u8abf\u6574<\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5chronyd:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u6642\u306b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u3001NTP\u3092ON\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068 chronyd \u304c\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6642\u523b\u540c\u671f\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u63a5\u7d9a\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001NTP\u304cOFF\u306e\u307e\u307e\u3060\u3068 chronyd \u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u6642\u523b\u540c\u671f\u3082\u884c\u308f\u308c\u306a\u3044\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u624b\u52d5\u3067 chrony \u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ sudo yum install chrony\r\nor\r\n$ sudo dnf install chrony\r\n\r\n$ sudo systemctl enable chronyd\r\n$ sudo systemctl start chronyd\r\n$ sudo systemctl status chronyd\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5chrony\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ chronyc sources\r\n210 Number of sources = 4\r\nMS Name\/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample\r\n===============================================================================\r\n^- rilynn.me.uk                  2   6   377    50  -5138us[-5031us] +\/-  140ms\r\n^* i172-105-204-167.poolntp&gt;     3   6   337    47   +258us[ +365us] +\/- 5107us\r\n^- 152.115.59.242                2   6   377    46    -36us[  -36us] +\/-  157ms\r\n^- ktor1.k-ten.de                2   7     7    36  -1020us[-1020us] +\/-  182ms\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4eceRHEL7 &#8220;18.3.5.2. chrony\u6e90\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1&#8221;\u7740\u91cd\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86M\u3001S\u5217\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">M \u5217<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>^ \u306f\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3001 = \u306f\u30d4\u30a2\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u3001 # \u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ab\u30eb\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u57fa\u6e96\u30af\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>S \u5217<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5217\u306f\u3001\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>* : chronyd \u304c\u73fe\u5728\u540c\u671f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>+ : \u9078\u629e\u3057\u305f\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3001\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; : \u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u3001\u7d50\u5408\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u9664\u5916\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>? : \u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u5207\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30d1\u30b1\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u30d1\u30b9\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082 3 \u3064\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u304c\u53ce\u96c6\u3055\u308c\u308b\u307e\u3067\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u306b\u3082\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>x : chronyd \u304c falseticker \u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b (\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6642\u9593\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u5927\u534a\u306e\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u306a\u3044) \u30af\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>~ : \u6642\u9593\u306e\u5909\u52d5\u6027\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3059\u304e\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u8868\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a73\u7d30\u306f chronyc(1) \u53c2\u7167<\/p>\n<p>\u505c\u6b62\u9010\u6e10\u8c03\u6574\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4fee\u6b63\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ sudo chronyc makestep\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\uff08yum\uff0cdnf\uff09<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">RHEL, CentOS 7 \u307e\u3067<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>YUM v3 \u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f yum \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>RHEL, CentOS 8 \u4ee5\u964d<\/p>\n<p>YUM v4 \u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f dnf \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4eca\u5f8c\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u304c\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u30c9\u3068\u306a\u308b\u898b\u8fbc\u307f\u3002<br \/>\n\u6982\u8981: RHEL8, RHEL 8 \u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u691c\u8a0e\u4e8b\u9805, \u7b2c6\u7ae0 \u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>yum \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u7ba1\u7406\u306e\u8aac\u660e:<\/p>\n<p>RHEL8, \u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u69cb\u6210, \u7b2c12\u7ae0 \u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>RHEL8, Configuring basic system settings, Chapter 12. Managing software packages<\/p>\n<p>dnf \u3068 yum \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u9055\u3044:<\/p>\n<p>Changes in DNF CLI compared to YUM \u2014 dnf latest documentation<br \/>\n\u4e3b\u306a yum plugin \u306f dnf \u306e plugin \u3067\u3082\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>yum-utils \u3067\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30e6\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082 dnf \u306e plugin \u3067\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e dnf plugin \u306f dnf-plugins-core \u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>dnf-plugins-core \u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u30d7\u30e9\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u4e00\u89a7\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53c2\u7167:<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/dnf-plugins-core.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/index.html<br \/>\n\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f rpm -ql dnf-plugins-core \u304b\u3089\u306eman\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u53c2\u7167 \/ man -k dnf<\/p>\n<h2>\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u7b49\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5907\u5fd8\u5355\uff09\u7b49\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u5728SST\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u535a\u5ba2\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u201c\u5305\u4fe1\u606f\u67e5\u8be2\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>PDF\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8eRed Hat Enterprise Linux\u7684YUM\u547d\u4ee4\u5907\u5fd8\u5355<\/p>\n<p>yum\uff5c\u542f\u7528\/\u7981\u7528yum\u4ed3\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599[1]\u4e2d\u672a\u5305\u542b\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u5217\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u6709\u8005\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ sudo rpm -q --qf \"[%{FILEMODES:perms} %{FILEUSERNAME}:%{FILEGROUPNAME} %{FILENAMES}\\n]\" &lt;package-name&gt;\r\n$ sudo rpm -qp --qf \"[%{FILEMODES:perms} %{FILEUSERNAME}:%{FILEGROUPNAME} %{FILENAMES}\\n]\" foobar.rpm\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u4ed3\u5e93\u5217\u8868\/\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\/\u6dfb\u52a0<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[CentOS 7]\r\n(enabled\u306e\u307f)\r\n$ sudo yum repolist\r\n$ sudo yum repolist enabled\r\n\r\n(disabled\u542b\u3080\u4e00\u89a7)\r\n$ sudo yum repolist all\r\n\r\n(base\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u8a73\u7d30)\r\n$ sudo yum repolist base -v\r\n\r\n(\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0)\r\n$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils\r\n$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo &lt;repository-url&gt;\r\n\r\n[CentOS Stream 8]\r\n(enabled\u306e\u307f)\r\n$ sudo dnf repolist\r\n$ sudo dnf repolist enabled\r\n\r\n(disabled\u542b\u3080\u4e00\u89a7)\r\n$ sudo dnf repolist all\r\n\r\n(base\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u8a73\u7d30)\r\n$ sudo dnf repolist baseos -v\r\n\r\n(\u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0)\r\n$ sudo dnf config-manager --add-repo &lt;repository-url&gt;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u5b89\u88c5EPEL\uff08\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7Linux\u9644\u52a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4ed3\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[CentOS 7]\r\n$ sudo yum search epel\r\n(...)\r\n============================================================ N\/S matched: epel =============================================================\r\nepel-release.noarch : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux repository configuration\r\n\r\n$ sudo yum install epel-release\r\n\r\n[CentOS Stream 8]\r\n$ sudo dnf search epel\r\n(...)\r\n============================================================ Name Matched: epel ============================================================\r\nepel-next-release.noarch : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux Next repository configuration\r\nepel-release.noarch : Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux repository configuration\r\n\r\n$ sudo dnf install epel-release\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1ascreen<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[CentOS 7]\r\n$ sudo yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=base search screen\r\n(...)\r\n=========================================================== N\/S matched: screen ============================================================\r\n(...)\r\nscreen.x86_64 : A screen manager that supports multiple logins on one terminal\r\n(...)\r\n\u2192 base \u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u3067\u898b\u3064\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u307e\u307e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\r\n\r\n$ sudo yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=base install screen\r\n\r\n\r\n[CentOS Stream 8]\r\n$ sudo dnf --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=baseos search screen\r\n\u2192 \u898b\u3064\u304b\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\r\n\r\n$ sudo dnf --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=epel search screen\r\n(...)\r\n====================================================== Name &amp; Summary Matched: screen ======================================================\r\nscreen.x86_64 : A screen manager that supports multiple logins on one terminal\r\n(...)\r\n\r\n\u2192 EPEL \u30ea\u30dd\u30b8\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\r\n$ sudo dnf --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=epel install screen\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u83b7\u53d6\u5305\u7ec4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[CentOS Stream 8]\r\n# \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\r\n$ sudo dnf group list\r\n\r\n# --hidden | --installed | --available | --ids \u306f\u3069\u308c\u304b\u4e00\u3064\u3060\u3051\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\r\n$ sudo dnf group list --hidden\r\n$ sudo dnf group list --installed\r\n$ sudo dnf group list --available\r\n$ sudo dnf group list --ids\r\n(-v \u3092\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3082\u826f\u3044)\r\n\r\n# \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u4e00\u89a7\r\n$ sudo dnf group info \"Development Tools\"\r\n(dnf group list --ids \u3067\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308bID\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408:)\r\n$ sudo dnf group info development\r\n(\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u307e\u3067\u8868\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5834\u5408:)\r\n$ sudo dnf -v group info \"Development Tools\"\r\n$ sudo dnf -v group info development\r\n(info \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u3082\u4f7f\u3048\u308b)\r\n\r\n# \u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u4f8b\r\n$ sudo dnf group install \"Development Tools\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>dnf\u7ec4\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">How to work with dnf package groups &#8211; Linux Tutorials &#8211; Learn Linux Configuration<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">dnf(yum) groupinstall\u3067\u306f\u4f55\u304c\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u304b &#8211; Qiita<\/ul>\n<h2>AppStream (\u9002\u7528\u4e8eRHEL 8\u3001CentOS 8\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c)\u3002Can you give me a reference for this?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>RHEL 8 \u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u691c\u8a0e\u4e8b\u9805, \u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0<\/p>\n<p>\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u7a7a\u9593\u30b3\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30cd\u30f3\u30c8\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u524a\u9664<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5168\u3066\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u3066\u308b<\/p>\n<p>Make &amp; Review | RHEL\/CentOS8\u306eAppStream \u77e5\u8b58\u6574\u7406<br \/>\nRed Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u3067 10\u5e74\u7dad\u6301\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306f\u3069\u308c? &#8211; \u8d64\u5e3d\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30cb\u30a2\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0<\/p>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u4e00\u89a7\/\u8a73\u7d30]\r\n$ sudo dnf module list\r\n$ sudo dnf module list (module-name)\r\n$ sudo dnf module info (module-name)\r\n\r\n[\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u524d\u306b\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316]\r\n$ sudo dnf module enable (module-name):(stream)\r\n\r\n[\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4(=\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u4e00\u5f0f)\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb]\r\n$ sudo dnf module install (module-name)\r\n$ sudo dnf module install (module-name):(stream)\r\n$ sudo dnf module install (module-name):(stream)\/(profile)\r\n\r\n[\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u306a\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo dnf module remove --all (module-name)\r\n$ sudo dnf module remove --all (module-name):(stream)\r\n$ sudo dnf module remove --all (module-name):(stream)\/(profile)\r\n\r\n[\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u521d\u671f\u72b6\u614b\u3078\u306e\u30ea\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8]\r\n$ sudo dnf module reset (module-name)\r\n\r\n[\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u304a\u3088\u3073\u305d\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ea\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u7121\u52b9\u5316]\r\n$ sudo dnf module disable (module-name)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>\u901a\u8fc7NetworkManager\u8fdb\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f7f\u7528NetworkManager\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\/\u6587\u672c\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\/\u5b57\u7b26\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bd4\u4f7f\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528CUI\u7684nmcli(1)\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7ba1\u7406<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">man 1 nmcli<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">nmcli\u30c1\u30fc\u30c8\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8 &#8211; Qiita<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">nmcli\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u57fa\u790e &#8211; \u3048\u3093\u3067\u3043\u306e\u6280\u8853\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u5728CentOS 7\u548cStream 8\u4e2d\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7kernel\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684eth0\u3001eth1\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u56e0\u70ed\u63d2\u62d4\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u68c0\u6d4b\u987a\u5e8f\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u9519\u4f4d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u7684\u9519\u4f4d\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u5230\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u5173\u4e8esystemd v197\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u547d\u540d\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u79f0- Debian\u7ef4\u57fa<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u53ef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/systemd.io\/PREDICTABLE_INTERFACE_NAMES\/<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.freedesktop.org\/wiki\/Software\/systemd\/PredictableNetworkInterfaceNames\/<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\uff1aDebian\u4e0eUbuntu\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u5173CentOS 7\/8\u7cfb\u5217\u548cRHEL 7\/8\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u7f51\u7edc\u6307\u5357, \u7b2c11\u7ae0 \u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u547d\u540d\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406, \u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u4e00\u81f4\u547d\u540d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n<h2>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528nmcli<br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86bash-completion\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0cnmcli\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63a8\u8350\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[RHEL7\/CentOS7]\r\n$ sudo yum install bash-completion\r\n\u2192\u30ed\u30b0\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u5f8c\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u76f4\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n[RHEL8\/CentOS8\/CentOS Stream 8]\r\n$ sudo dnf install bash-completion\r\n\u2192\u30ed\u30b0\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u5f8c\u3001\u30ed\u30b0\u30a4\u30f3\u3057\u76f4\u3059\u3002\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[NetworkManager\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30bf\u30b9\u8868\u793a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli general\r\n$ sudo nmcli general status\r\nSTATE      CONNECTIVITY  WIFI-HW  WIFI     WWAN-HW  WWAN\r\nconnected  full          enabled  enabled  enabled  enabled\r\n\r\n[\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d(static hostname)\u306e\u8868\u793a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli general hostname\r\n\r\n[\u30db\u30b9\u30c8\u540d(static hostname)\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli general hostname (new-hostname)\r\n\r\n[\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u7ba1\u7406\u306eON\/OFF]\r\n$ sudo nmcli networking on\r\n$ sudo nmcli networking off\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5728 NetworkManager \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u7269\u7406\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5982\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9002\u914d\u5668\uff09\u548c\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5206\u79bb\u3002<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5bb6\u548c\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u90fd\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u5e26\u6709\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9002\u914d\u5668\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u7684\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u9002\u914d\u5668\uff09\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\/\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5207\u6362\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee5 &#8220;nmcli device&#8230;&#8221; \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4ee5 &#8220;nmcli connection&#8230;&#8221; \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u6709\u5173\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">nmcli\u30c1\u30fc\u30c8\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8 &#8211; Qiita<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">nmcli\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u57fa\u790e &#8211; \u3048\u3093\u3067\u3043\u306e\u6280\u8853\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u4e00\u89a7]\r\n$ sudo nmcli device\r\n$ sudo nmcli device status\r\n\r\n[\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5024\u4e00\u89a7]\r\n$ sudo nmcli device show (device-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u4e00\u89a7]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection show\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5024\u4e00\u89a7]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection show (connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5909\u66f4]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) (\u8a2d\u5b9a\u9805\u76ee\u540d) (\u5024)\r\n\r\n[\u4f8b: \u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306e\u5909\u66f4]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (old-connection-name) connection.id (new-connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u8d77\u52d5(= \u63a5\u7d9a)]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection up (connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u505c\u6b62(= \u5207\u65ad)]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection down (connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection delete (connection-name or connection-uuid)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u81ea\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u63a5\u7eed\u914d\u7f6eON\/OFF<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u81ea\u52d5\u63a5\u7d9a\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo nmcli -f name,autoconnect connection show\r\n\r\n[\u81ea\u52d5\u63a5\u7d9aON]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) connection.autoconnect yes\r\n\r\n[\u81ea\u52d5\u63a5\u7d9aOFF]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) connection.autoconnect no\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u6253\u5f00DHCP\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[DHCP\u7528\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection add con-name (new-connection-name) ifname (device-name) type ethernet\r\n\r\n[IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\/\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\/DNS\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3092\u7a7a\u306b\u623b\u3059]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.dns \"\"\r\n\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.gateway \"\"\r\n(or\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.gateway 0.0.0.0\r\n)\r\n\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.addresses \"\"\r\n\u203b ipv4.gateway \u3092\u7a7a\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u3001ipv4.addresses \u3092\u7a7a\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9006\u3060\u3068\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\r\n\r\n[DHCP\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.method auto\r\n\r\n[\u65e2\u5b58\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u505c\u6b62]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection down (connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8d77\u52d5]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection up (connection-name)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86 ipv4.xxx \u7684\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u6548 DHCP \u83b7\u53d6\u7684 IP\/\u7f51\u5173\/DNS \u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7\u7f51\u7edc\u6307\u5357\uff0c3.3.7\u3002\u4f7f\u7528nmcli\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c8.5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528nmcli\u8bbe\u7f6e\u52a8\u6001\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n<h2>\u7981\u7528DHCP\uff0c\u5e76\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6eIP\u5730\u5740\/\u7f51\u5173\/DNS\u3002\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a ipv4.addresses\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06 ipv4.method \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5728 ipv4.addresses \u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06 ipv4.method \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728 ipv4.addresses \u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\uff09<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u624b\u52d5\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7528\u306e\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection add con-name (new-connection-name) ifname (device-name) type ethernet\r\n\r\n[IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u8a2d\u5b9a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.10\/24\r\n\r\n[\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u8a2d\u5b9a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1\r\n\r\n[DNS\u8a2d\u5b9a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4\"\r\n\r\n[DHCP\u3092\u7121\u52b9\u5316]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.method manual\r\n\r\n[\u65e2\u5b58\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4fee\u6b63\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u505c\u6b62]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection down (connection-name)\r\n\r\n[\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u8d77\u52d5]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection up (connection-name)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u98df\u7269\u548c\u996e\u6599\u8282\u76ee\uff1a<br \/>\n&#8211; \u7ea2\u70e7\u8089\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9053\u8457\u540d\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u732a\u8089\u83dc\u80b4\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8c46\u74e3\u9171\u3001\u7cd6\u3001\u9171\u6cb9\u3001\u59dc\u548c\u849c\u6765\u70f9\u996a\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u6c34\u997a\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c0f\u5403\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u732a\u8089\u3001\u867e\u4ec1\u3001\u852c\u83dc\u548c\u9999\u6599\u505a\u9985\u6599\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5305\u5728\u8584\u9762\u76ae\u4e2d\uff0c\u716e\u6216\u84b8\u719f\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u7eff\u8336\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u996e\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u6e05\u65b0\u7684\u5473\u9053\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u9f99\u4e95\u8336\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6700\u7740\u540d\u7684\u7eff\u8336\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u6de1\u6de1\u7684\u751c\u5473\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u82b1\u9999\uff0c\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7eff\u8336\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<br \/>\n&#8211; \u767d\u9152\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9152\u7c7b\uff0c\u7531\u7cae\u98df\u53d1\u9175\u548c\u84b8\u998f\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u6d53\u90c1\u7684\u9999\u5473\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u9152\u7cbe\u542b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u7db2\u7d61\u6307\u5357\uff0c3.3.8. \u4f7f\u7528 nmcli \u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u975c\u614b\u4ee5\u592a\u7db2\u9023\u63a5<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u7db2\u7d61\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c8.1. \u4f7f\u7528 nmcli \u8a2d\u5b9a\u975c\u614b\u4ee5\u592a\u7db2\u9023\u63a5<\/p>\n<h2>\u6dfb\u52a0\/\u5220\u9664DNS<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u8ffd\u52a0]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) +ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) +ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4\"\r\n\r\n[\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) -ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) -ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u53c2\u8003\uff1a\u516c\u5171DNS\u7f13\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\u8c37\u6b4c\u516c\u5171DNS<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981: 8.8.8.8<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u7528: 8.8.4.4<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91flare<\/p>\n<p>\u63a8\u51fa1.1.1.1\uff1a\u6700\u5feb\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u6ce8\u91cd\u9690\u79c1\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005DNS\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981: 1.1.1.1<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u7528: 1.0.0.1<\/p>\n<p>\u4ecb\u7ecd1.1.1.1 for Families<\/p>\n<p>\u4ec5\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u963b\u6b62<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981: 1.1.1.2<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u7528: 1.0.0.2<\/p>\n<p>\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u6210\u4eba\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981: 1.1.1.3<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u7528: 1.0.0.3<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91flare\u5ba3\u5e03\u514d\u8d39\u7684\u65b0DNS\u670d\u52a1&#8221;1.1.1.1 for Families&#8221;\uff0c\u5728DNS\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u963b\u6b62\u6210\u4eba\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u6076\u610f\u8f6f\u4ef6 &#8211; Publickey<br \/>\n1.1.1.1 &#8211; \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/p>\n<h2>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\/\u7f51\u5173\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9, \u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u9759\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>4.2. nmcli \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u9759\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n4.6. \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c20\u7ae0 \u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\n20.8. NetworkManager \u304c\u8907\u6570\u306e\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4\u3092\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u7b2c21\u7ae0 \u9759\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n21.2. nmcli \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u9759\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u9759\u6001\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u4e0a\u66f8\u304d\u8a2d\u5b9a]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop]\"\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop] [metric] [attribute=value] [attribute=value] ...\"\r\n\r\n[\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) +ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop]\"\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) +ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop] [metric] [attribute=value] [attribute=value] ...\"\r\n\r\n[\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) -ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop]\"\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) -ipv4.routes \"ip[\/prefix] [next_hop] [metric] [attribute=value] [attribute=value] ...\"\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5df2\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5ea6\u91cf\u503c\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.route-metric (new-metric)\r\n$ sudo nmcli connection modify (connection-name) ipv4.route-metric (new-metric) ipv6.route-metric (new-metric)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>$ sudo ip r\r\n$ sudo ip -4 r\r\n$ sudo ip -6 r\r\n\r\n$ tracepath -n (ip-address)\r\n$ tracepath -n (internet-hostname)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>\u4eceman\u9875\u9762\u7684EXAMPLES\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u53d6\u5728man\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aEXAMPLES\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u6211\u4ece\u4e2d\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nmcli connection show &#8211;active<\/p>\n<p>\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nmcli -f name,autoconnect c s<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u3068 connection.autocnnect \u30d7\u30ed\u30d1\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306b -f \u3067\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30c9\u540d\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>nmcli -p connection show &#8220;My default em1&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;My default em1&#8221; \u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u3092\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u3002<br \/>\n\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306b -p \u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u8868\u793a\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002(-p = &#8211;pretty)<\/p>\n<p>nmcli dev disconnect em2<\/p>\n<p>\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9 em2 \u3092\u5207\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u5229\u7528\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001 autoconnect \u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u63a5\u7d9a\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\n\u660e\u793a\u7684\u306b nmcli device connect (device-name) \u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e autoconnect \u3092TRUE\u306b\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u81ea\u52d5\u63a5\u7d9a\u304c\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<h2>\u9632\u706b\u5899 (firewalld)<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 \u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9, \u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 \u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7ba1\u7406, \u7b2c48\u7ae0 firewalld \u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>firewall-cmd\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9 &#8211; Qiita<br \/>\nCentOS 7 firewalld \u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u3046\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9 &#8211; Qiita<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u6458\u8981:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"post-pre\"><code>[\u8d77\u52d5\/\u505c\u6b62\/\u72b6\u614b\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo systemctl start firewalld.service\r\n$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service\r\n$ sudo systemctl status firewalld.service\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --state\r\n\r\n[\u81ea\u52d5\u8d77\u52d5ON\/OFF\/\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo systemctl enable firewalld.service\r\n$ sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service\r\n$ sudo systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service\r\n\r\n[\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\/\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --get-default-zone\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --get-active-zones\r\n\r\n[\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\/\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all-zones\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all --zone=(zone-name)\r\n\r\n[\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\/\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u6052\u4e45\u7684\u306a\u8a2d\u5b9a\u78ba\u8a8d]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all-zones --permanent\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --list-all --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n\r\n[\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5909\u66f4]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n[\u30a2\u30af\u30c6\u30a3\u30d6\u30be\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5909\u66f4]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=(zone-name) --change-interface=(if-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --zone=(zone-name) --change-interface=(if-name) --permanent\r\n\r\n[\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u518d\u8aad\u307f\u8fbc\u307f]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload\r\n\r\n[\u5229\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u4e00\u89a7]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --get-services\r\n\r\n[\u8a31\u53ef\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\/\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=(service-name) --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=(service-name) --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-service=(service-name) --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-service=(service-name) --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n\r\n[\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u756a\u53f7\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\/\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=(port-number)\/{tcp|udp} --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=(port-number)\/{tcp|udp} --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-port=(port-number)\/{tcp|udp} --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-port=(port-number)\/{tcp|udp} --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n\r\n[IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u8a31\u53ef\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\/\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=(zone-name)\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=(zone-name) --permanent\r\n\r\n[IP\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u62d2\u5426\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0\/\u524a\u9664]\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=drop\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=drop --permanent\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=drop\r\n$ sudo firewall-cmd --remove-source=192.168.0.0\/24 --zone=drop --permanent\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1>RHEL\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5012\u67e5RHEL\u6587\u6863\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5f88\u96be\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u6b64\u6458\u5f55\u4e86\u4e3b\u8981\u7684RHEL\u6587\u6863\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528CentOS\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u7740\u7528\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u90a3\u91cc\u53cd\u5411\u5f15\u7528RHEL\u6587\u6863\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>RHEL8 \u6587\u6863\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u7d22\u5f15<br \/>\n\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6210\u5458\/\u5168\u4f53\u6210\u5458\/\u5168\u4f53\u4eba\u5458<\/p>\n<ul class=\"post-ul\">Product Documentation for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u4ed8\u3068\u6642\u523b<br \/>\n\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u30ad\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u30ec\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff08\u57fa\u790e\u7de8\uff09<br \/>\nsystemd<br \/>\n\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30a2\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff08\u57fa\u790e\u7de8\uff09<br \/>\nSELinux\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff08\u57fa\u790e\u7de8\uff09<br \/>\n\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u30a2\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u7ba1\u7406, sudo\/sudoers\u7ba1\u7406, root\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30d1\u30b9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u30ea\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u306a\u3069<br \/>\nkdump, syslog\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nyum \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u7ba1\u7406, \u81ea\u52d5\u66f4\u65b0\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u30b7\u30e3\u30c3\u30c8\u30c0\u30a6\u30f3\/\u518d\u8d77\u52d5<br \/>\nsystemd, systemctl \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u7ba1\u7406, \u72ec\u81ea\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<br \/>\n\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u6a29\u9650, umask\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\nchrony \u306b\u3088\u308b\u6642\u523b\u540c\u671f<br \/>\nOpenSSH\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3068\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\nrsyslog\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30ea\u30e2\u30fc\u30c8\u30ed\u30ae\u30f3\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nPython, PHP, Tcl\/Tk \u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u30fc\u306e\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u300d<\/p>\n<p>Apache HTTPD<br \/>\nnginx<br \/>\nsamba<br \/>\nBIND DNS<br \/>\nNFS<br \/>\nsquid<br \/>\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9 (MariaDB, PostgreSQL)<br \/>\nSMTP(sendmail, postfix), POP\/IMAP(Dovecot)<br \/>\n\u5370\u5237(cups)<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u30ab\u30fc\u30cd\u30eb\u306e\u76e3\u8996\u304a\u3088\u3073\u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u300d<\/p>\n<p>kernel RPM\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u306e\u69cb\u6210, yum \u306b\u3088\u308b\u66f4\u65b0<br \/>\nkernel \u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\nkernel \u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nsysctl \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b5\u30fc\u30d0\u5411\u3051\u306ekernel\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u8abf\u6574<br \/>\nprintk, dmesg, \/var\/log\/boot.log \u7b49\u306e kernel logging (ring buffer)<br \/>\nkdump \u306e\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u7ba1\u7406\u3068\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\ncrash \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u30b3\u30a2\u30c0\u30f3\u30d7\u89e3\u6790<br \/>\nkernel \u306e live patch<br \/>\n\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7 (cgroups v1, v2) \u306e\u89e3\u8aac\u3068systemd\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\neBPF\u3068bcc-tools\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb<\/p>\n<p>\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7ba1\u7406\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u540d\u306e\u547d\u540d\u898f\u5247<br \/>\nNetworkManager, nmtui, nmcli \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\/WiFi\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nVLAN\/\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30b8\/\u30c1\u30fc\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\/\u30dc\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nVPN, IPSec \u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nIP\u30c8\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb(IPIP, GRE)\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\n\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30df\u30e9\u30fc\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n802.1x\u6a19\u6e96\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\n\u30eb\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u8a2d\u5b9a(\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30b2\u30fc\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a4, \u9759\u7684\u30eb\u30fc\u30c8)\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\n\u30c0\u30df\u30fc\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30a4\u30b9\u3068netconsole\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb<br \/>\nsystemd \u3068\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c6\u30b0\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<br \/>\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30af\u5236\u5fa1 (qdiscs, tc)<br \/>\nMultipath TCP \u306e\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\nDNS\u306e\u512a\u5148\u5ea6\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u8a73\u7d30, \/etc\/resolv.conf \u306e\u624b\u52d5\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nethtool \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30aa\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\/\u30b3\u30ed\u30b1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nping, host \u30e6\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb<br \/>\nDHCP\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nBIND DNS\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3068\u7ba1\u7406<br \/>\nfirewalld, nftables\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\neBPF \u3068 bcc-tools \u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\n\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u7ba1\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d<\/p>\n<p>OpenSSH\u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nRHEL8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308bSSL\/TLS\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\nIPSec, firewalld, nftables \u306e\u8a73\u7d30<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u304a\u3088\u3073\u76e3\u8996\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u53c2\u7167\u5148<br \/>\n\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u66f4\u65b0\u306e\u4e00\u89a7\u53d6\u5f97\u3068\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u6697\u53f7\u5316\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nFIPS\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\nCrypto Policies \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0\u6697\u53f7\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\nPKCS#11 \u3067\u6697\u53f7\u5316\u30cf\u30fc\u30c9\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u5b9a<br \/>\n\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u3068\u8a3c\u660e\u66f8\u306e\u8ffd\u52a0<br \/>\nSCAP\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u8a2d\u5b9a\u30b3\u30f3\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3<br \/>\nLUKS\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u305f\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u306e\u6697\u53f7\u5316<br \/>\nauditd \u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u76e3\u67fb<br \/>\nUSBGuard \u306b\u3088\u308bUSB\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u306e\u4fdd\u8b77<br \/>\n\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u30bb\u30ad\u30e5\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>\u300cSELinux\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u300d<\/p>\n<p>Permissive\/Enforcing\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3068\u7121\u52b9\u5316<br \/>\n\u5236\u9650\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\/\u306a\u3044\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6, sysadm_u \u306b\u3088\u308b\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u306e\u5236\u7d04, sudo \u3068 sysadm_r \u30ed\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5236\u7d04<br \/>\n\u30c8\u30e9\u30d6\u30eb\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u3068audit\u30ed\u30b0<br \/>\nMLS(Multi-Level Security) \u306e\u8a73\u7d30<br \/>\n\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30e0SELinux\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<br \/>\n\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u306eSELinux\u30dd\u30ea\u30b7\u30fc\u306e\u4f5c\u6210<br \/>\nSELinux\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u30c7\u30d7\u30ed\u30a4\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/p>\n<p>GNOME\u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883:<\/p>\n<p>\u300cRHEL 8 \u3067\u30c7\u30b9\u30af\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u74b0\u5883\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u300d<\/p>\n<p>GNOME3, GNOME Standard \/ Classic \u306e\u7d39\u4ecb\u3068\u9078\u629e\u65b9\u6cd5, \u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba\u65b9\u6cd5<br \/>\n\u30ea\u30e2\u30fc\u30c8\u30c7\u30b9\u30af\u30c8\u30c3\u30d7\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9(VNC)<br \/>\nGNOME\u8a2d\u5b9a (dconf, gsettings)<br \/>\nGNOME\u306e\u30ab\u30b9\u30bf\u30de\u30a4\u30ba<br \/>\n\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u5165\u529b\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/p>\n<p>\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u300cRHEL 8 \u3067\u306e C \u304a\u3088\u3073 C ++ \u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u958b\u767a\u300d<\/p>\n<p>gcc\u306b\u3088\u308bC\/C++\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30a4\u30eb\u3068\u30d3\u30eb\u30c9, \u9759\u7684\/\u52d5\u7684\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u4f5c\u6210<br \/>\nmake, Makefile \u306b\u3088\u308b\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u7ba1\u7406<br 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