{"id":224,"date":"2024-01-11T19:18:36","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T02:08:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/java-%e4%bc%98%e5%85%88%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97\/"},"modified":"2025-08-01T02:36:03","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T18:36:03","slug":"java-%e4%bc%98%e5%85%88%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/zh\/blog\/java-%e4%bc%98%e5%85%88%e9%98%9f%e5%88%97\/","title":{"rendered":"Java\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff1a\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u9ad8\u6548\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u7279\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff08PriorityQueue\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u201d\uff08FIFO\uff09\u961f\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cJava \u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u662f\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6765\u68c0\u7d22\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n
\"Java<\/div>\n

Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n

Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. PriorityQueue()<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\uff08\u5373 11\uff09\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. PriorityQueue(Collection<? extends E> c)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. PriorityQueue(int initialCapacity)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. PriorityQueue(int initialCapacity, Comparator<? super E> comparator)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u521d\u59cb\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\u5bf9\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
  5. PriorityQueue(PriorityQueue<? extends E> c)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
  6. PriorityQueue(SortedSet<? extends E> c)<\/code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u6392\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u9664\u975e\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff08\u5373\u901a\u8fc7 peek()<\/code> \u6216 poll()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u6210\u4e3a\u5934\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d44\u683c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

    Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

    \u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n

    PriorityQueue<String> tasks = new PriorityQueue<>();\r\ntasks.add(\"task1\");\r\ntasks.add(\"task4\");\r\ntasks.add(\"task3\");\r\ntasks.add(\"task2\");\r\ntasks.add(\"task5\");\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u7136\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u76f8\u53cd\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
    PriorityQueue<String> reverseTasks = new PriorityQueue<>(Comparator.reverseOrder());\r\nreverseTasks.add(\"task1\");\r\nreverseTasks.add(\"task4\");\r\nreverseTasks.add(\"task3\");\r\nreverseTasks.add(\"task2\");\r\nreverseTasks.add(\"task5\");\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd PriorityQueue<\/code> \u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. boolean add(E e)<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86 5 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. Comparator<? super E> comparator()<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5668\u4e14\u961f\u5217\u6309\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null<\/code>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n
      System.out.println(tasks.comparator());\r\nSystem.out.println(reverseTasks.comparator());\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
      null\r\njava.util.Collections$ReverseComparator@15db9742\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    3. boolean contains(Object o)<\/code>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de true<\/code>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u201ctask3\u201d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e tasks<\/code> \u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff1a\n
      System.out.println(tasks.contains(\"task3\"));\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u8fd9\u5c06\u6253\u5370\uff1a<\/p>\n
      true\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    4. boolean offer(E e)<\/code>\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e add()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5728\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0coffer()<\/code> \u548c add()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u5728 PriorityQueue<\/code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4e0e add()<\/code> \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0coffer()<\/code> \u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n
    5. E peek()<\/code>\uff1a\u68c0\u7d22\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff08\u5373\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null<\/code>\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n
      System.out.println(tasks.peek());\r\nSystem.out.println(reverseTasks.peek());\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
      task1\r\ntask5\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    6. E poll()<\/code>\uff1a\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u68c0\u7d22\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff08\u5177\u6709\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u8fd4\u56de null<\/code>\u3002\u4f46\u4e0e peek()<\/code> \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u8c03\u7528 poll()<\/code>\uff1a\n
      System.out.println(\"\u5728 tasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Poll\uff1a\" + tasks.poll());\r\nSystem.out.println(\"\u5728 reverseTasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Poll\uff1a\" + reverseTasks.poll());\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u8c03\u7528 peek()<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n
      System.out.println(\"\u5728 tasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Peek\uff1a\" + tasks.peek());\r\nSystem.out.println(\"\u5728 reverseTasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Peek\uff1a\" + reverseTasks.peek());\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \u5728 tasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Poll\uff1atask1\r\n\u5728 reverseTasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Poll\uff1atask5\r\n\u5728 tasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Peek\uff1atask2\r\n\u5728 reverseTasks \u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c Peek\uff1atask4\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    7. int size()<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
    8. boolean remove(Object o)<\/code>\uff1a\u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5b83\u53ea\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/li>\n
    9. Object[] toArray()<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n
    10. <T> T[] toArray(T[] a)<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n
    11. Iterator<E> iterator()<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u961f\u5217\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
    12. void clear()<\/code>\uff1a\u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u8fd8\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86 Collection<\/code> \u548c Object<\/code> \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
      Java \u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h3>\n
      \u4e86\u89e3\u4f18\u5148\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5165\u961f\uff08add()<\/code>, offer()<\/code>\uff09\u548c\u51fa\u961f\uff08poll()<\/code>\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(log(n))<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n
      2. \u5bf9\u4e8e remove(Object)<\/code> \u548c contains(Object)<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(n)<\/strong>\uff08\u7ebf\u6027\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
      3. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u68c0\u7d22\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982 peek()<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a O(1)<\/strong>\uff08\u5e38\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPriorityQueue<\/code> \u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u540c\u6b65\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 PriorityBlockingQueue<\/code>\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003 Java API \u6587\u6863<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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