{"id":792,"date":"2022-11-17T11:41:10","date_gmt":"2023-05-22T09:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/ja\/blog\/index.php\/2023\/11\/30\/python%e3%81%aeos%e3%83%a2%e3%82%b8%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab\/"},"modified":"2024-03-20T00:49:31","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T15:49:31","slug":"python%e3%81%aeos%e3%83%a2%e3%82%b8%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.silicloud.com\/ja\/blog\/python%e3%81%aeos%e3%83%a2%e3%82%b8%e3%83%a5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab\/","title":{"rendered":"Python\u306eos\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Python\u306eOS\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3092\u5236\u5fa1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Python\u306eOS\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb<\/h2>\n

OS\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001Windows\u3001Macintosh\u3001Linux\u3092\u554f\u308f\u305a\u3001\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u30bf\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u64cd\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30ec\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u3092\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3068\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u65c5\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n

Python\u306eos\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/h3>\n
\"python<\/div>\n

\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u540d\u524d<\/h3>\n

\u3053\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308bOS\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u540d\u524d\u3092\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u3001 ‘posix’\u3001 ‘os2’\u3001 ‘ce’\u3001 ‘nt’\u3001 ‘riscos’\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073 ‘java’ \u304c\u767b\u9332\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u4e0a\u3067\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n

>>> print(os.name)\r\nposix\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d7\u30ea\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u51fa\u529b\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
os.environ\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u74b0\u5883\u306f\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u5909\u6570\u306b\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
import os\r\noutput = os.environ['HOME']\r\nprint(output)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"python<\/div>\n
os.execvp -> os.execvp\u3092\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u307e\u3059
\nos.execvp -> os.execvp\u3092\u5225\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3068<\/h3>\n
execvp\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u4e0a\u3067\u4ed6\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u306e1\u3064\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u30b9\u30cb\u30da\u30c3\u30c8\u3092\u898b\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
import os\r\nprogram = \"python\"\r\narguments = [\"hello.py\"]\r\nprint(os.execvp(program, (program,) +  tuple(arguments)))\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066hello.py\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 (Kore ni tsuite, watashitachi wa ikkaino k\u014ddo o shiy\u014d shite hello.py to iu sanpuru sukuripto o sakusei shimashita.)<\/p>\n
print('Hello')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"python<\/div>\n
os.getuid\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068:
\n\u300cos.getuid\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3068\u3001\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306eUID\u304c\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300d<\/h3>\n
\u3053\u306eos\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fcID\u307e\u305f\u306fUID\u3092\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> os.getuid()\r\n501\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9ID\u306f501\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
`os.rename` \u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u81ea\u7136\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3068\u4f55\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u7d50\u69cb\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u79fb\u52d5\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u306eos.rename\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3048\u3070\u3001\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
import os\r\nfileDir = \"JournalDev.txt\"\r\nos.rename(fd,'JournalDev_Hi.txt')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u30671\u3064\u306e\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u307e\u3059\uff1a
\nos.system<\/h3>\n
Python\u306eos\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001Python\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u5185\u3067\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u3067\u5b9f\u884c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\uff1a<\/p>\n
import os\r\ncurrentFiles = os.system(\"users > users.txt\")\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\"Python<\/div>\n
\u30aa\u30fc\u30a8\u30b9\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc<\/h3>\n
Python\u306eos\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u306f\u3001I\/O\u95a2\u9023\u306e\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u30af\u30e9\u30b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001except\u7bc0\u3067OSError\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066IO\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
import os\r\n\r\ntry:\r\n    f = open('abc.txt', 'r')  # file is missing\r\nexcept OSError:\r\n    print('Error')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
os.getpid \u2192 OS\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9ID\u3092\u53d6\u5f97<\/h3>\n
\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306bPID\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u308b\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9ID\u3092\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> os.getpid()\r\n71622\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306e\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fcID\u306f71622\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
os.listdir\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff1a\u300c\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u5185\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u4e00\u89a7\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3059\u308b\u300d<\/h3>\n
\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u4f5c\u696d\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3068\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u3092\u4e00\u89a7\u8868\u793a\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> import os\r\n>>> os.listdir()\r\n['.DS_Store', '.localized', 'JournalDev', 'Java', 'Python']\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u3068\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u306e\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
os.uname\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/h3>\n
\u3053\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u884c\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30aa\u30da\u30ec\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> os.uname()\r\nposix.uname_result(sysname='Darwin', nodename='Shubham.local', release='17.2.0', version='Darwin Kernel Version 17.2.0: Fri Sep 29 18:27:05 PDT 2017; root:xnu-4570.20.62~3\/RELEASE_X86_64', machine='x86_64')\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u305d\u308c\u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u304b\u306a\u308a\u8a73\u7d30\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n
os.path\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b vs os\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n
\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001os.path\u306f\u5947\u5999\u306b\u52d5\u4f5c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002os\u306f\u30b5\u30d6\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30ebpath\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001os\u306fsys.module\u3068\u9023\u643a\u3057\u3066os.path\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u3059\u3002\u88cf\u5074\u3067\u4f55\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
    \n
  • When Python starts, it loads many modules into sys.module.<\/li>\n
  • os module is also loaded when Python starts. It assigns its path to the os specific module attribute.<\/li>\n
  • It injects sys.modules[‘os.path’] = path so that you\u2019re able to do import os.path as though it was a submodule.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n
    \u3053\u306e\u30ec\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001Python\u306eOS\u30e2\u30b8\u30e5\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002Python\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u30ec\u30c3\u30b9\u30f3\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3067\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1aAPI\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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