What is the usage of the try statement in C++?

In C++, the try statement is used to catch and handle exceptions. Its basic syntax is as follows:

try {
    // 可能会引发异常的代码块
} catch (异常类型1& e1) {
    // 处理异常类型1的代码
} catch (异常类型2& e2) {
    // 处理异常类型2的代码
} catch (...) {
    // 处理其他所有类型的异常的代码
}

In the try block, you can include code that may cause an exception. If an exception occurs, the program’s control will immediately transfer to the first catch block that matches the type of the exception. If there is no matching catch block, the exception will be passed to the try block of the calling function or the system’s default exception handler.

The catch block can specify specific types of exceptions to catch, or it can use ellipsis (…) to catch all types of exceptions. Within the catch block, you can write code to handle exceptions, such as outputting error messages, logging, or performing recovery operations.

The try statement can also be used in conjunction with other keywords, such as throw to throw exceptions, and finally to define a code block that will always be executed regardless of whether an exception occurs.