InnoDB Data Structure Explained

The underlying data structures of InnoDB include pages, segments, extents, and tablespaces. Pages are the smallest storage unit used to store data and indexes. Segments are a group of contiguous pages used to store data for one or more tables. Extents are composed of contiguous segments used to store a large amount of data. Tablespaces are made up of multiple extents and are used to store data for the entire database. These data structures are interrelated, forming the underlying storage structure of the InnoDB storage engine.