What is the purpose of the Gateway component in Spring …

Spring Cloud Gateway is a new API gateway based on Spring Framework 5, Project Reactor, and Spring Boot 2, used to create routes and filters in a microservices architecture. The key features of Spring Cloud Gateway include:

1. Routing forwarding: forwarding requests to different microservice instances, achieving load balancing and routing configuration.
2. Filter: Perform processing in the request and response handling process through pre-defined or custom filters, such as authentication, logging, rate limiting, and retry.
3. Circuit breaker: Utilizing integrated Hystrix to achieve the function of circuit breaking, automatically cutting off requests when a microservice encounters a failure or timeout to prevent cascading failures.
4. Request rate limiting: Implement request rate limiting through integrating Redis or other rate limiting components to prevent system crashes caused by malicious requests or request overload.
5. Dynamic routing: Supports dynamic routing configuration, allowing the addition, deletion, or modification of routing rules based on actual conditions.
6. Monitoring and statistics: By integrating Micrometer and Spring Boot Actuator, developers can monitor and track performance metrics, request volume, error rates, etc. of routes. Spring Cloud Gateway helps developers quickly build a high-performance, scalable, reliable API gateway with features such as traffic control, security authentication, monitoring, etc., simplifying the development and management of routes and filters in microservices architecture.