What is the operating process of the ORM framework in Django?

The operational process of the ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework in Django is as follows:

1. Model definition: Defining model classes in Django’s model file to map to the database tables. Each model class represents a data table, with each class attribute representing a table field.
2. Migrate database: Use Django’s migration tool to generate database migration files by running the command “python manage.py makemigrations”, then apply the migration files to the database by running the command “python manage.py migrate”.
3. Creating a query set: Use the query API provided by the ORM through the model class to create a query set. A query set is an object that can be chained upon and is used to retrieve data from the database.
4. Filtering data: you can use the filtering methods of a query set (such as filter(), exclude(), etc.) to refine the query results and select the data that meets certain criteria.
5. Execute query: When executing a query set, the ORM will convert the query into an SQL statement and send it to the database for execution. The ORM will then encapsulate the query results and return them as model objects.
6. Updating data: Using the model object’s attribute assignment and saving methods (such as save()) allows for modifying data in the database.
7. Join query: Utilizing ORM provided methods for joining queries (such as select_related(), prefetch_related(), etc.) can be used to query related tables, reducing the number of database queries.
8. Transaction Management: ORM provides transaction management functionality, which allows for managing database transaction commits and rollbacks through the use of the transaction.atomic() decorator or context manager.

The above is the basic operation process of the ORM framework in Django. By using ORM, developers can operate the database in an object-oriented way, simplifying the complexity of database operations.