Linux Operating System Fundamentals
The principle of the Linux operating system is based on the design principles of the UNIX operating system, mainly including the following aspects:
- Multiple users and tasks: The Linux operating system allows multiple users to log in simultaneously and run multiple programs at the same time, enabling concurrent execution of multiple tasks.
- Linux operating system uses a file system to organize and manage files and directories stored on the hard disk, allowing for operations such as reading, writing, deleting, and renaming files.
- Process Management: The Linux operating system uses processes to manage the execution of programs, with each program running in its own separate process. The operating system is responsible for creating, scheduling, and destroying processes.
- Memory management: The Linux operating system is responsible for managing system memory resources, including memory allocation and deallocation, to achieve memory isolation and protection for programs.
- Device drivers: Linux operating system supports a variety of hardware devices, each with its corresponding driver used to control and manage the device operations.
- Network management: The Linux operating system supports network communication, including implementing the TCP/IP protocol stack and managing network interfaces, providing the basic functions for network communication.
- Security Management: The Linux operating system offers an access control mechanism to protect system resources. It restricts access to system resources through permission control for users and user groups.
- Command Line Interface: The Linux operating system offers a text-based user interface where users can input commands to the system in order to carry out a variety of tasks.
In general, the principle of the Linux operating system is to manage resources such as processes, memory, file systems, and devices to achieve functions such as concurrent execution, resource management, network communication, and security protection.
